Literary Elements 2025

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ESSENTIAL/required "ingredients" in a work of literature: plot, setting, characterization, point of view, and conflict

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Literary Elements

Front

a visual created by Gustav Freytag to illustrate PLOT structure; a pattern in the form of a pyramid to help readers analyze the plot of dramas (because just like life, some stories are difficult to understand)

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Freytag's Pyramid

Front

includes details related to time and place (details related to when & where such as season, time period, weather, location, etc)

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Setting

Front

the part of the plot where basic characters and setting are revealed

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Exposition AKA Introduction (part of plot)

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decisive moment that is of maximum intensity or is a major turning point in a plot (the oh my gosh! point in the story)

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Climax

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a struggle or problem; it occurs in 3 phases of the plot: Rising Action, Climax, and Falling Action

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Conflict

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occurs after the falling action when the character solves a main problem

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Resolution (part of plot)

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main character or "good guy" in a story

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Protagonist

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internal and external AND man vs. man, man vs. self, man vs. society, man vs. nature

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Types of Conflicts

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goes against the main character; the "bad" guy

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Antagonist