Earth and Space Science Mid-Term Exam – Study Guide

Front

What do stars on the main sequence of the H-R diagram primarily do?

Back

Fusing hydrogen.

Front

According to Kepler’s First Law, what shape do planets follow in their orbits?

Back

Ellipse.

Front

What does the Doppler effect indicate for receding objects?

Back

Red shift.

Front

When is solar insolation highest in relation to the zenith angle?

Back

0°.

Front

In Kepler’s Third Law, what is the relationship between the orbital period squared and distance?

Back

The orbital period squared is equal to distance cubed.

Front

What is the H-R diagram used for in astronomy?

Back

To classify stars based on their luminosity and temperature.

Front

What is the significance of the zenith angle in solar energy?

Back

It affects the intensity of solar insolation received at a surface.

Front

What does Kepler’s Second Law state about the speed of planets in their orbits?

Back

Planets sweep out equal areas in equal times.

Front

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency in the context of light?

Back

They are inversely proportional; as wavelength increases, frequency decreases.

Front

What is the primary cause of seasons on Earth?

Back

The tilt of the Earth's axis relative to its orbit around the Sun.