Colonial America and the Road to Revolution

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First Great Awakening

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A religious revival in the 1730s and 40s that spread throughout the American colonies, emphasizing equality before God, encouraging questioning of authority, and inspiring movements toward independence and the U.S. Constitution.

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Enlightenment

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A movement emphasizing science and reason as guides to see the world more clearly, encouraging colonists to reform society and government using reason, and think of independence.

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Reason for the Proclamation Line

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England wanted to control the colonists and protect them from conflicts with Native Americans by preventing settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.

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Line of the Proclamation of 1763

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The Appalachian Mountains.

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Effect of the Proclamation of 1763

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It forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains, angering colonists who wanted more land.

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Examples of factors leading to the revolution

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Taxes without representation, the sugar, stamp, and intolerable acts, and the Boston massacre.

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Writs of Assistance

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Documents serving as general search warrants, allowing customs officers to search for smuggled goods.

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Sugar Act of 1764

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The first tax on the colonists, lowering the tax on sugar to stop smuggling, but angering colonists due to strict enforcement.

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Salutary Neglect

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Colonies benefited by being left alone, leading to self-governance, but later resented England's enforcement of laws and taxes.

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Stamp Act of 1765

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A tax on all legal documents, newspapers, and printed materials.