FCLE SCOTUS Cases

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Marbury v. Madison (1803)

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Gave SCOTUS Judicial Review: decide meaning of constitution and remove laws in conflict with it

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McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

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1.      Necessary and Proper (Elastic) Clause: Gave congress power to pass many more laws

2. Supremacy Clause: Fed. Gov. more powerful than States

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Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)

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5^th Amendment Due Process Clause

1. Slaves are property; gov. can't take property without due process

2. Eliminated Missouri compromise

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Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

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14^th Amendment Equal Protection Clause

Separate but equal is equal; upheld segregation

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Schenck v. U.S. (1919)

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1^st Amendment Free Speech Clause

Speech can be banned if it presents a “clear and present danger.” Limits free speech

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West Virginian State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943)

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1^st Amendment Free Speech and Free Exercise Clauses

Can’t force students to stand for pledge

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Korematsu v. United States (1944)

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14^th Amendment Equal Protection Clause

Japanese concentration camps protected in interest of national security during war

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Brown v. Board (1954)

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14^th Amendment Equal Protection Clause

Overturned Plessy v Ferguson; outlawed Segregation in Schools

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Mapp v. Ohio (1961)*

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4^th Amendment Searches and Seizures Clause

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14^th Amendment Due Process Clause

No STATE can use evidence in court that was seized without a warrant

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Baker v. Carr (1962)

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14^th Amendment Equal Protection Clause

Established “1 person 1 vote”: Congressional districts must be equal in population