anatomy ah / NAT / oh / mee

The study of the structures of the body.

anomaly ah / NOM / ah / lee

A deviation from what is regarded as normal.

anterior an / TEER / ree / er

Toward the front, and the front of the body (also known as the ventral surface).

aplasia ah / PLAY / zee / ah

The defective development, or the congenital absence, of an organ or tissue.

bloodborne transmission BLOOD / born trans / MISH / shun

The spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids that are contaminated with blood.

chromosomes KROW / muh / zomes

The genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell.

communicable disease kah /MEE-YU / ni / kah / bull dih / ZEEZ

Any condition that is transmitted from one person to another either by direct or by indirect contact with contaminated objects.

congenital disorder con / JEN / ih / tul dis / OR / der

An abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth.

cytoplasm SY / toe / plazm

The material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus.

Situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure.

Refers to the back of the organ or body.

dysplasia dis / PLAY / zee / ah

The abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs.

endemic en / DEM / ik

The ongoing presence of a disease within a population, group, or area.

endocrine glands EN / doh / krin GLANZ

Secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

epidemic ep / ih / DEM / ik

A sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area.

etiology eh / tee / ALL / oh / gee

The study of the causes of diseases.

exocrine gland EX / oh / krin GLANZ

Secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body, such as sweat glands.

functional disorder FUNK / shun / null dis / OR / der

Produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified.

genetic disorder je / NET / ik dis / OR / der

A pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene.

geriatrician jer / ree / ah / TRISH / shun

Specializes in problems related to aging, and in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease in older people.

hemophilia hee / moh / FEE / lee / ah

A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing.

histology his / TALL / oh / gee

The study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues.

homeostasis hoe / mee / oh / STAY / sis

The processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment.

hyperplasia high / per / PLAY / zee / ah

The enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues.

hypertrophy high / PER / troh / fee

A general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not in the number, of cells in the tissues.

hypoplasia high / poh / PLAY / zee / ah

The incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells.

iatrogenic illness eye / at / tro / JEN / ik ILL / ness

An unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment.

idiopathic disorder id / dee / oh / PATH / ik dis / OR / der

An illness without known cause.

infectious disease in / FECK / shus dih / ZEEZ

An illness caused by living pathogenic organisms such as bacteria and viruses.

inguinal ING / gwe / nul

Relating to the groin, refers to the entire lower area of the abdomen.

medial MEE / dee / uhl

The direction toward, or nearer, the midline.

mesentery MEZ / zen / tare / ree

A fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall.

midsagittal plane mid / SAJ / jih / tul PLANE

Divides the body into equal left and right halves.

nosocomial infection naws / oh / KOH / mee / ul in / FEC / tion

A disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting.

pandemic pan / DEM / ik

An outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide.

pelvic cavity PELL / vick KAV / ih / tee

The space formed by the hip bones and contains primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems.

peritoneum pare / ih / teh / NEE / um

A multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity.

peritonitis pare / hi / teh / NAI / tis

Inflammation of the peritoneum.

phenylketonuria fen / nul/ kee / toe / NOO / ree/ ah

A genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing.

physiology fizz / ee / OL / oh / gee

The study of the functions of the structures of the body.

Ch 2_Human Body Health and Disease

Student preview

60 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

abdominal cavity

ab / DOM / ih / nul
KAV / ih / tee

Back

Contains primarily the major organs of digestion.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

adenectomy

add / eh / NEC / toe / mee

Back

The surgical removal of a gland.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

adenocarcinoma

add / deh / no / kar / seh / NO / muh

Back

A malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

adenoma

add / deh / NO / muh

Back

A benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

adenomalacia

add / deh / no / muh / LAH / shee / ah

Back

The abnormal softening of a gland.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

adenosclerosis

add / deh / no / skler / ROW / sis

Back

The abnormal hardening of a gland.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

anaplasia

an / ah / PLAY / zee/ ah

Back

A change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other.

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