Chemistry Basics for Biologists 4.0

Chemistry Basics for Biologists 4.0 #GoBioRams

Multiple Choice

Which macromolecule has fatty acids in them?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

• High Energy Compounds

Multiple Choice

Which macromolecule is made up of nucleotides?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

• High Energy Compounds

Multiple Choice

Which macromolecule is made up of amino acids?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

• High Energy Compounds

Multiple Choice

Which macromolecule is made up of monosaccharides?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

• High Energy Compounds

Multiple Select

A nucleotide is made up of what 3 parts? Check all that apply.

• lipids

• sugar

• phosphate

• nitrogen-containing base

• cholesterol

Your Unit 2 Test is coming next week.

Don't forget to study and use the study group JamBoard to help you study.

The basics of a chemical reaction

• Reaction = rxn

• Reactants are on the left of the arrow

• Products are on the right of the arrow

• https://dlc.dcccd.edu/biology1-3/functional-groups-and-biomolecules

Endo- thermic or End- ergonic reactions

• These reactions need to be heated up in order for them to happen

• Since heat needs to go into the reaction, we call these reactions endothermic or endergonic.

• You will be asked to identify an endothermic or endergonic reaction on your test.

• https://biologydictionary.net/endergonic-reaction/

Exo- thermic or Ex- ergonic reactions

• These reactions release heat

• Since heat exits out the reaction, we call these reactions exothermic or exergonic.

• You will be asked to identify an exothermic or exergonic reaction on your test.

• 
  

  
  

• 
  

  https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Exergonic_reaction

  
  

No time for that

• Sometimes, your body needs reactions to occur quickly.

• You don't have the time to heat things up slowly.

• So your body has figured out how to use catalysts called enzymes to help speed things up.

• You will be asked to recognize that a catalyst is being used in a graph.

• 
  

  http://ch302.cm.utexas.edu/kinetics/catalysts/catalysts-all.php

How enzymes work

Look at the shape changing

Applying enzymes in your body.

More enzymes at home

More enzymes at home

More enzymes at home

A review

• Reactants -> Products

• Endothermic/Endergonic reactions = you need to add heat to make the chemical reaction happen.

• Exothermic/Exergonic reactions = release heat during the chemical reaction.

A review

• Catalysts like enzymes help to speed up the chemical reactions.

• You have many, many, many,... enzymes in your body, probably one different one for each different chemical reaction.

• Enzymes cause chemical reactions to happen because they use shape to make change happen.

A review

• Change the temperature, pH, or other factor in the environment, that may cause an enzyme not to work well.

• We use the term denature to explain what happens when an enzyme isn't working well.

• We are ready to study for the Unit 2 Test.