Atoms, Chemicals, Changes, Acids, & Bases...Oh My!

Atoms, Chemicals, Changes, Acids, & Bases...Oh My!

Review, Elaborate, and Extend

Matter

• Matter is anything that has mass (atoms) and takes up space.

• This is measured as density

• Density is how much matter is packed into a space

• Density = Mass/Volume

Phase Changes

• Matter exists in 4 Phases/States:

  Solid, Liquid, Gas, & Plasma

• When heat is added, the molecules move faster and change phase up the graph

• When heat is removed, the molecules move slower and change phase down the graph

Multiple Choice

The amount of space something takes up

• density
• volume
• mass
• matter

The Kinetic Theory of Matter

• All Matter is made of atoms, molecules & compounds

• They are constantly in motion

• 
  

• 
  

• 
  

• The amount of motion/energy the particles have determines the temperature

• Temperature is a measure of the speed of the particles, not the amount of heat or cold.

• More molecular motion = more heat

Multiple Choice

If 95 grams of gold has a volume of 5 cm³ , what is the density of gold?

Hint: density = mass/volume

• 475 g/cm³

• 19 g/cm³

• 0.05 g/cm³

• 101.5 g/cm³

Multiple Choice

A state of matter that has a definite volume and shape.

• solid
• liquid
• gas
• matter

Multiple Choice

The absolute coldest anything can get.
In Celsius it's at 273 degrees. Or 0 degrees Kelvin.

• Absolute cold
• Kelvin
• Absolute zero
• I don't know

Multiple Choice

Measures how fast or how slow molecules are moving

• Density

• Temperature

• Heat

• All of them

Multiple Choice

At higher temperatures

• particles in an object have less energy
• particles in an object move faster
• a gas contracts

Multiple Choice

Phase change going from a Solid to a Gas...

• Deposition

• Sublimation

• Condensation

• Recombination

Multiple Choice

Phase change going from a Liquid to a Gas...

• Vaporization

• Deposition

• Condensation

• Melting

Multiple Choice

Phase change going from Liquid to Solid...

• Melting

• Freezing

• Condensation

• Sublimation

Multiple Choice

the amount of matter in an object

• mass

• weight

• volume

• density

Multiple Choice

Melting point is...

• The temperature at which a solid can change to a liquid

• The temperature at which a solid can change to a gas

• The temperature at which a gas can change to a liquid

• The temperature at which a liquid can change to a solid

Multiple Choice

Physical properties....

• change the matter when studied

• can be observed and measured without changing the matter being studied

• include the ability to burn and rust

• are useless unless studied in a lab

All matter has specific properties

• These properties can be used to identify a substance

• The two types of properties are chemical and physical

Physical Properties & Changes

• Are properties that are observed using the senses

• Color, texture, shape, odor, melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, etc.,

• Physical changes are changes involving these properties

• Physical changes do not affect the chemical structure of the substance

• They usually are phase changes or making mixtures

• They can be undone

Chemical Properties

• Are properties that are observed during a chemical reaction

• Acidity, Basicity, Reactivity, & Combustibility

Chemical changes are changes to the chemical structure

• Compounds and molecules swap atoms to create new substances

Combustibility

This is an example of a chemical change.

This is a permanent change where one substance is changed into another due to a chemical reaction.

Reactivity

How easily a substance reacts with other substances

Multiple Choice

any characteristic of matter that you can observe without changing the identity of the substances that make it up

• physical property

• chemical property

• periodic table

• conglomerate

Multiple Choice

Solubility is the 

• the rate that a solvent can evaporate
• ability of a metal to bend
• shininess of an object
• amount of solute that can be dissolved into a solvent

Multiple Choice

Example for chemical property

• malleability
• texture
• combustion
• sour taste

Multiple Choice

Example for physical property

• odor
• burns in air
• reacts with water to create hydrogen gas
• rust

Multiple Choice

Solubility (dissolves)

• Physical Proeprty
• Chemical Property

Multiple Choice

Density

• Physical Property
• Chemical Property

pH

The acidity or basicity of a substance

Also indicates how corrosive a substance is

Acidity

• Acids are substances that have a pH of less than 7

• Acids have a sour taste

• Lemon juice, vinegar, stomach acid, and more

• Can corrode or dissolve metals

• Reacts with bases (opposite) to neutralize into water and salt

Basicity

• Bases are substances that have a pH of greater than 7

• Bases have a bitter taste

• Feel slippery

• Antacids (tums), baking soda, soap, bleach and more

• Reacts with acids (opposite) to neutralize into water and salt

• Corrodes certain metals

Multiple Choice

Taste sour

• acids

• bases

• neutral

• pH scale

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is neutral?

• milk
• eggs
• gummy worms
• pure water

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an acid?

• sour taste
• corrosive
• it feels slippery
• it can burn the skin

Multiple Choice

Bleach and oven cleaner are:

• strong acids
• weak acids
• strong bases
• weak bases

Multiple Choice

Bases are located where on the pH scale?

• any number can be a base
• below 7
• above 7
• number 7 is a base

Multiple Choice

Which one of the following is an example of a base?

• orange juice
• dish soap
• vinegar
• lemons

Multiple Choice

A substance that is 3 on the pH scale would be a(n):

• acid

• base

• neutral

• solute