US and Canada Human Environment Interaction

US and Canada Human Environment Interaction

Multiple Choice

Which country is bigger in size?

• United States

• Canada

• Spain

• Russia

Multiple Choice

Which country has the most people?

• The United States

• Canada

• Mexico

• China

Multiple Choice

How do you find absolute location?

• Latitude

• Longitude

• Latitude and Longitude

• Corn Dogs

SETTLEMENT AND AGRICULTURE ALTER THE LAND

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• The first inhabitants of North America were nomads.

• ​Nomads are people who move from place to place. 

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SETTLEMENT AND AGRICULTURE ALTER THE LAND

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• Some archaeologists believe they probably came from Asia over a land bridge, called Beringia, that once connected what are now Siberia and Alaska. 

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SETTLEMENT AND AGRICULTURE ALTER THE LAND

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• These early migrants moved over the land. They hunted game and fish and gathered wild plants to eat.

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• Water was necessary for survival. So, these first Americans made temporary settlements along coastlines and near rivers and streams. 

Multiple Choice

Early inhabitants of North America traveled across a land bridge called Beringia that once connected Siberia and Alaska.

• True

• False

• Turkeys

SETTLEMENT AND AGRICULTURE ALTER THE LAND

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• They were able to live in the extremes of temperature and climate in North America. 

• They also adapted to the region’s many environments.

• These included mountains, forests, plains, and deserts. 

SETTLEMENT AND AGRICULTURE ALTER THE LAND

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• About 3,000 years ago, agriculture replaced hunting and gathering as the primary method of food production. 

• Many early settlements became permanent. As people began to grow crops, they changed the landscape to meet their needs. 

SETTLEMENT AND AGRICULTURE ALTER THE LAND

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• In wooded areas, early farmers cut down trees for houses and fuel. 

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SETTLEMENT AND AGRICULTURE ALTER THE LAND

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• To plant crops, they plowed the rich soil of river valleys.

• ​They dug ditches for irrigation.

• They were the first to grow food staples throughout the world.​

• These included corn, beans, and vegetables.

BUILDING CITIES

• Where a city is built and how it grows depends a great deal on physical setting.

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• Landscape and climate are important. So are the availability of water and natural resources.

BUILDING CITIES

• Montreal, Quebec, is Canada’s second largest city and a major port.

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• Early French explorers liked Montreal’s location. It is located on a large island where the St. Lawrence and Ottawa rivers meet..

BUILDING CITIES

• The French built a permanent settlement there in 1642.​

• To make the city’s severe winters more livable, people went inside and underground.

• ​In fact, large areas of Montreal have been developed underground. These include a network of shops and restaurants

Multiple Choice

Parts of Montreal were constructed underground because of cold, harsh winters.

• True

• False

• Banana

BUILDING CITIES

• Los Angeles has a mild climate year round, unlike Montreal.​

• It also has a good location on the Pacific coast.​

• Hundreds of thousands of people began pouring into this once small Spanish settlement by the early 1900s. 

BUILDING CITIES

• During the 1980s, Los Angeles became the second most populous city in the United States​

• Rapid growth brought problems. These included air pollution, inadequate water supplies, and construction on earthquake threatened land.​

• Los Angeles now covers about 469 square miles.

OVERCOMING DISTANCES 

• Some of the early people who came across the land bridge cut trails to the east.​

• Others followed the Pacific Coast south toward warmer climates.​

• Still others remained in the northwest, in what are now Alaska and northern Canada

OVERCOMING DISTANCES 

• Later, the Europeans came. They set up colonies along the Atlantic Coast.​

• Then, they moved inland. As they did, they carved overland trails, such as the National and Wilderness roads and the Oregon and Santa Fe trails. 

OVERCOMING DISTANCES 

• They also used inland waterways, such as the Mississippi and Ohio rivers.​

• To connect bodies of water, they built canals.​

• The Erie Canal across upstate New York opened in 1825. It was the first navigable water link between the Atlantic and the Great Lakes. 

OVERCOMING DISTANCES 

• North America’s most important deepwater ship route—the St. Lawrence Seaway—was completed in the 1950s. The seaway connects the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean by way of the St. Lawrence River.​

• Ships are raised and lowered some 600 feet by a series of locks. 

Multiple Choice

Canada and the United States worked together to construct the St. Lawrence Seaway, which uses locks to raise and lower water levels

• True

• False

OVERCOMING DISTANCES 

• Railroad building began in North America in the early 19th century.​

• Many of the continent’s physical features presented natural barriers.​

• Railroad workers had to cut down forests, build bridges, and blast tunnels through mountains to make way. 

OVERCOMING DISTANCES 

• The first transcontinental railroad across the United States was completed in 1869.​

• A trans-Canada railroad was completed in 1885.​

• These railroads promoted economic development and national unity as they went. 

OVERCOMING DISTANCES 

• Before the railroads came, there were roads that connected towns and cities.​

• Today, both the United States and Canada have extensive roadway systems. 

OVERCOMING DISTANCES 

• The Trans-Canada Highway is Canada’s primary roadway. It stretches about 4,860 miles.​

• In the United States, the Interstate Highway System is a 46,000-mile network of highways that crisscross the country. 

Multiple Choice

The Trans-Canada Highway is that country's major roadway, while the United States Interstate Highway System crisscrosses the entire country

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of these is one of the world's most important shipping routes?

• the Red River

• Sulphur River

• White Oak Creek

• the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River

Multiple Choice

One climate region found in the United States but not in Canada

• marine west coast.

• humid continental.

• subarctic.

• tropical wet and dry.

Multiple Choice

The central and southern coasts of California are strong areas for agriculture because of the region's

• humid continental climate.

• Mediterranean climate.

• Cheeseburger

Multiple Choice

You are likely to find permafrost in subarctic climate regions, which have extremely cold winters and

• a long growing season.

• short, mild summers.

• long, hot summers

• Zebras