![SS7 - Fall Common Assessment 2 [Units 1 & 2] / PART 2](https://cf.quizizz.com/img/presentation/default-img/presentation_title_img-2_networking.jpg?w=200&h=200)
SS7 - Fall Common Assessment 2 [Units 1 & 2] / PART 2
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Social Studies
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7th Grade
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Medium
Melvin Rodriguez
Used 6+ times
FREE Resource
27 Slides • 56 Questions
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SS7 - Common Assessment 2
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Fill in the Blank
There are __ English colonies.
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The early English colonies!
JAMESTOWN (1607) > Virginia
Founded for economic opportunity (GOLD) Tobacco discovered!
PLYMOUTH (1620) > Massachusetts
Founded for religious reasons (GOD) Thanksgiving!
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Multiple Choice
Which statement accurately describes why Plymouth and Jamestown were founded?
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The 13 English Colonies : NMCR - NPND - MVNSG
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THE ENGLISH REGIONS
The 13 English colonies can be divided into 3 regions:
New England - NMCR [Boston, Mass.]
Middle - NPND [New York, NY]
Southern - MVNSG [Charleston, SC]
The geography of each colonial region would determine the economic activity of its colonists.
Natural harbors and rivers in Boston, Charleston, and New York became ports that provided access to trade markets in Europe (Mother Country) creating economic opportunities for the colonies.
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Fill in the Blank
The 13 English colonies can be divided into _ Regions.
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Multiple Choice
Which region is Boston, Massachusetts in?
HINT: Boston is known for fishing and shipping.
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WHICH REGION? Poor Soil - Short Growing Season - Forests - Rocky and Hilly?
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WHICH REGION? Fertile Soil - Cash Crops - Grains, Wheat, Corn - 'Breadbasket'
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WHICH REGION? Fertile Soil - Cash Crops - Plantations - Tobacco - Slaves
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THE SOUTHERN COLONIES
Colonies: Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
Geography (land + climate): Flat, Fertile Soil, Long Growing Season, Hot and Humid
Economy: Grow cash crops (tobacco, rice) on plantations, worked by slaves
This region depended on a large labor force (slaves) to work on its plantations, which were brought from Africa during the Triangle Trade.
Politics: Virginia House of Burgesses (1619) as the FIRST legislative body in the colonies (representative government)
Religion: The colony of Maryland was founded specifically for Catholics, since they were persecuted back in England.
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Multiple Choice
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Multiple Choice
Which region does this image describe?
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Multiple Choice
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NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
Colonies: New Hampshire; Massachusetts; Connecticut, Rhode Island. These colonies were founded for religious reasons.
Geography (land and climate): Rocky and Hilly, Poor Soil, Short Growing Season, Cold, Harbors, Forests
Economy: Unable to grow crops, so instead, fishing, whaling, lumber, and ship-building.
Political: Both the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1639 and the Mayflower Compact 1620 [Pilgrims] were forms of representative government.
Religion: Pilgrims and Puritans in Massachusetts (Very Strict)
MOST IMPORTANT CITY: Boston, because of its harbor.
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Multiple Choice
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THE MIDDLE COLONIES
Colonies: New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware
Geography: Flat, Fertile Soil, Moderate Climate
Economy: Farming, Cash crops like grains and wheat ("Breadbasket")
Politics: The most DIVERSE!
Religion: Quakers (tolerant, equality, against slavery) > Lived in Pennsylvania
The most IMORTANT CITY: New York City! For TRADE!
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Multiple Choice
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Colonies Established their own Representative Institutions
TWO key ideas: Limited Government + Representative Government (Self-Government)
Distance from Great Britain Need for lawmaking Influenced by English documents: Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights
SOUTHERN REGION: Virginia House of Burgesses (1619) > First Legislative Law-Making Body
NEW ENGLAND REGION: Mayflower Compact (1620) > Pilgrims in Plymouth > Self-Government Colony
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Multiple Select
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Multiple Choice
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Relationship between Great Britain and the Colonies
During the establishment of the British colonies, Great Britain itself had generally stayed out of the colonies’ affairs. = SALUTARY NEGLECT!
In doing so, the colonies had become used to doing what they wanted to, including NOT always following the rules of mercantilism and instead trading with multiple European countries rather than just Great Britain and creating their own forms of representative government
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POLITICAL CAUSES: French and Indian War (1754-1763)
WAR: France, aided by the Native Americans, and Great Britain (and colonists) over land claims in the Ohio River Valley in North America.
In order to protect Great Britain’s interests in the region, including the colonists, King George III stationed British soldiers along the frontier of the colonies, on the border of French and British territories. This marks a reversal of the general pattern of salutary neglect of the colonies by Great Britain, upsetting many colonists who have grown accustomed to being left alone.
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Fill in the Blank
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POLITICAL CAUSES: Treaty of Paris (1763) and Proclamation of 1763
Treaty of Paris (1763) ends the war. France is kicked out of North America and Britain gains all that land.
As a way to ensure that conflict did not develop between the Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley [PONTIAC'S REBELLION] and the colonists, King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763.
The Proclamation Line prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.
The colonists saw this as a betrayal, since they had fought in the war and were promised that land.
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ECONOMIC CAUSES: Mercantilism and British Economic Policies
After the French and Indian War (1754-1763) = Britain has a lot of DEBT.
Parliament's solution? TAXES on the colonists!
Sugar Act (1764) >
a tax on all printed materials. Stamp Act (1765) >
a tax on all imports, like paint, glass. Townshend Act (1767)
This was the FIRST TIME that Parliament had placed taxes on the colonies for the specific purpose of paying off Britain’s debt and they came from the idea of mercantilism, which meant the colonies existed to profit the mother country.
THE COLONISTS RESPOND: No Taxation Without Representation! They BOYCOTT the goods = refuse to buy.
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Multiple Choice
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Multiple Choice
What was the primary reason that Parliament passed the different tax acts (Sugar, Stamp, Tea...)
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Multiple Choice
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SOCIAL CAUSES: Boston Massacre (1770)
Although British soldiers were initially sent to North America to fight in the French and Indian War and protect the colonists, King George III kept them there in order to keep an eye on the colonies and enforce new taxes like the Stamp and Townshend Acts.
When a mob formed, the soldiers fired into the crowd, killing five people. The event became known as the “Boston Massacre” and was used as a form of propaganda against Great Britain to show how the soldiers and King George III were being abusive and violating the colonists’ rights.
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ECONOMIC CAUSES: Tea Act > Boston Tea Party > Intolerable Acts
Many individuals saw the Tea Act (1773) as yet another example of taxation without representation.
As a form of political protest, the Sons of Liberty, led by Samuel Adams, boarded the ships carrying the tea and dumped all of it into Boston Harbor, an event memorialized as the Boston Tea Party (1773).
As punishment for the Boston Tea Party, Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts (1774). Three parts:
- Closed Boston Harbor
- Banned town meetings
- Quartered soldiers
The colonists felt like these rules were unfair and violated their rights as British citizens.
To protest this act, a rebel government forms = the Continental Congress. They agreed to boycott British goods.
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SOCIAL CAUSES: Patriots and Loyalists
Two sides on American Independence:
PATRIOTS:
- For independence!
- Lived in the New England region
- New England negatively affected because of mercantilism and taxes!
- PEOPLE POWER!
- No Taxation without representation!
LOYALISTS:
- Against independence!
- Lived in the Southern region
- Southern positively affected because Britain buys the cash crops!
- LONG LIVE THE KING!
- Britain protects us!
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Multiple Select
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Multiple Choice
This cartoon was drawn by Benjamin Franklin and the _______ used it to ________
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POLITICAL CAUSES: Thomas Paine’s Common Sense (1776)
As a Patriot, Thomas Paine believed strongly that the colonies should declare their independence from Great Britain.
His pamphlet, Common Sense, Paine provided arguments for why the colonies being controlled by Great Britain did not make sense:
- Such as the physical distance between the two
- It being ridiculous for an island (Great Britain) to rule a continent (North America)
This pamphlet will influenced the Declaration of Independence (1776).
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The Beginning: Battles of Lexington and Concord (1775)
In an effort to resist portions of the Intolerable Acts (1774), a rebel Patriot government developed in Massachusetts.
FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
This caused Great Britain to declare Massachusetts as a in a state of rebellion.
At LEXINGTON: British soldier are sent to capture patriot leader, Samuel Adams. He escapes, after Paul Revere rides to warn him.
AT CONCORD: British soldiers are sent to seize hidden weapons.
A fight breaks out between local militia groups (Minutemen) and the British soldiers. This marked the FIRST BATTLE of the American Revolution.
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Declaration of Independence (1776) - Part 1
After the initial battles of Lexington and Concord, many American colonists felt it was time to officially separate from Great Britain.
In the Declaration of Independence, written in 1776 by Thomas Jefferson, the colonies declared that individuals are entitled to certain unalienable rights. These rights are:
LIFE - LIBERTY - HAPPINESS
Everyone is borth with these rights and they cannot be taken away.
The government MUST protect these rights. If the government DOES NOT, it is the RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE to get rid of the government and create a new one.
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Declaration of Independence (1776) - Part 2
The Declaration of Independence went on to list all of the grievances, or complaints, that the colonies had with British rule and King George III.
The grievances included:
- protecting British soldiers from punishment for their murders > BOSTON MASSACRE
- refusal to pass needed and necessary laws
- dissolving or suspending representative governments in the colonies > INTOLERABLE ACTS
- keeping a standing army in the colonies in times of peace > BOSTON MASSACRE
- allowing the quartering of soldiers > INTOLERABLE ACTS
- cutting off colonial trade with other European countries > MERCANTILISM
- imposing taxes without the consent of the colonists > STAMP ACT AND TOWNSHEND ACT
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THE TURNING POINT: Battle of Saratoga and Winter of Valley Forge
Although the colonists struggled in the first battles of the American Revolution, the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga proved that the Americans were capable of beating the British, one of the strongest militaries in the world, and it became known as the “turning point” in the American Revolution.
Because of this, foreign countries such as France and Spain, who were already enemies of Great Britain, were willing to enter the war on the side of the colonies. This foreign support brought not only financial resources, but supplies and trained troops that the Continental Army severely lacked.
General George Washington and his Continental Army spent the winter of 1777-78 camped at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, waiting for additional supplies so they could continue the war. While the time at Valley Forge demonstrated Washington’s strength as a leader, it also gave the untrained American troops the opportunity to work with Marquis de Lafayette, a French military general, who was able to teach the soldiers how to effectively fight against a European military.
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THE END: The Battle of Yorktown
The Battle of Yorktown (1781), a combined American and French victory, resulted in the surrender of British troops and became the last major battle of the American Revolution.
The battle bolstered American morale in its ability to win against the British and decreased popular support for the war in Great Britain.
As a result of the loss and the rising financial cost of the war, the British government negotiated an end to the conflict soon after the British defeat at Yorktown.
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Treaty of Paris (1783)
The Treaty of Paris (1783) officially ends the American Revolution as Great Britain officially recognized the independence of the colonies, who know called themselves the United States of America.
The geographic impact of the treaty was enormous, as the United States gained all land in North America that belonged to Great Britain, ranging from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River.
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SS7 - Common Assessment 2
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