Construction Technology

AAR 551 - Construction Technology III

CHAPTER 1 - SUBSTRUCTURE

(SOIL INVESTIGATION & FOUNDATION)

Multiple Choice

Proper soil testing has proved to be a reliable basis for the design of foundations and other structure. The soil investigation report will describe engineering soil, tests commonly used in site investigations and to indicate their potential use and limitations.

The above statement is TRUE or FALSE?

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Which of the answer below is not the objectives of site investigation?

• To know about the location of the groundwater table level and its variations.

• To select suitable soil improvement techniques and construction equipments.

• To select a suitable type of foundation and forecast problems occurring for its construction.

• To predict the lateral earth pressure against retaining walls and abutments.

• To know about the order of occurrence of soil and rock strata in order to placed brick.

Multiple Choice

Below are the importance of soil investigation before construction except?

• All of the structures, building constructions and even life are not based on the soil condition.

• Any mismatch between the soil bearing capacity and structure could cause loss of property.

• The soil investigation helps to predict the lateral earth pressure against retaining walls and abutments.

• It will determine the bearing capacity of the soil, its settlement rate and the position of the water table.

Multiple Choice

Below is the description of foundation except?

• Foundation is one of the essential parts of the structure on which the building stands.

• Foundation is to distribute the weight of the structure over a large area of soil.

• Foundation avoid unequal settlement and prevent the lateral movement of the structure.

• Foundation is one of the building elements that carries the aesthetic values of a building.

Multiple Choice

Foundation can be divided into 3 categories which are shallow foundation, middle foundation and deep foundation.

The above statement is true or false?

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Which one of the soil investigation methods below that is suitable for shallow investigation for depths up to 3.0m?

• HAND & MECHANICAL AUGER

• ROTATORY BORING

• WASH BORING

Multiple Choice

JKR or Mackintosh probe is usually used in preliminary S.I. to supplement boreholes and to identify subsoil variation between boreholes.

Which of the statement below describe the JKR or Mackintosh probe?

• This method is use for very soft soils with shallow depth.

• Water or compressed air is jetted down the bore hole through a hollow tube.

• The bentonite is pumped in a continuous flow down hollow drilling roads to a rotating bit.

• This jet is sunk disintegrate and displace the soil.

Multiple Choice

This picture refer to?

• Core Drilling

• Mud rotary drilling

• JKR or Mackintosh probe

• Hand and Mechanical Auger

Multiple Choice

FIELD TEST - These are the general guide of the most suitable methods in terms of investigation depth except:

• Pit up to 3.0m deep – sample were taken using trial pits

• Pit up to 30.0 deep – sample were taken using borings

• Pit over 30.0m deep – sample were taken using deep borings and in-situ

  examination from tunnels and/or deep pits

• Sampling Shells – suitable for shallow to medium depth borings in all sub soils including rock.

Multiple Choice

Below are the types of shallow foundation except?

• Raft Foundation

• Pile Foundation

• Strip Foundation

• Pad Foundation

Multiple Choice

Image above shows what type of foundation?

• Pad footing

• Raft Foundation

• Strip Foundation

• Pile Foundation

Multiple Choice

A soil’s strength under loading is dependent on its resistant to all of these factors. Except:

• Cohesion - the sticking together particles of the same substance.

• Minerals: A very important substance found in soil.

• Shear resistance - a result of friction and interlocking of particles, and possibly cementation or bonding at particle contacts.

• Internal friction - an internal force that resists the movement between the particles of a material.

Multiple Choice

Piles are structural members that are made of steel, concrete or/and timber.

Statement above is true of false?

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Piles may transmit their load to lower levels of sub soils by TWO TYPES of piles which are end bearing piles and friction piles. In the condition of soil below, what is the best types of pile to be used?

WEAK SUB SOILS WITH NO FIRM STRATA FOUND

• END BEARING PILES

• FRICTION PILES

Multiple Choice

1) Used to support and transmit load from piers and columns.

2) More economical than excavating deep trenches for strip foundation.

3) Most economical is square shape but if columns are close to each other, it may be necessary to use a rectangular shape.

4) Reaction of the foundation to the load and ground pressure is to cup therefore main steel bars are required in both directions.

5) Spacing of piers or columns is determined by the most economical construction.

The above descriptions refer to:

• RAFT FOUNDATION

• PILE FOUNDATION

• STRIP FOUNDATION

• PAD FOUNDATION

Multiple Choice

If the soil condition is consists of rock , solid chalk, sands and gravels with proportion of clay and dense silty sands, what is the best foundation types you may propose?

• Bore piles foundation

• Strip and Pad Foundation

• Steel Piles

• Piling Foundation

Multiple Choice

What is the name of this foundation?

• Raft Foundation

• Pad Foundation

• Strip Foundation

• Piling Foundation

Multiple Choice

Principle of RAFT foundation is to spread the load over entire area of site. It consist of reinforced concrete under the whole building. The used for buildings on compressible grounds such as soft clay, alluvial deposits and compressible fill materials where strip foundation would not provide a stable foundation.

BELOW are the types of RAFT foundation except:

• Solid slab raft

• Beam and slab raft

• Cellular raft

• Continuous raft

Multiple Choice

Settlement of foundation refers to the distortion or disruption of parts of a building due to unequal compression of its foundations may be caused by:

• imposed weight of structure on soil

• changes in moisture content

• general earth movement

• the design of the building

Poll

Do you understand about the sub- structure topic?

• Yes, I understand clearly.

• No, I don't understand at all.

• I'm still confuse and need extra class.

• I understand but need to do revision on my own.