Ecology Part 1-4 Review

Ecology Part 1-4

Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction from the sun or chemical compounds to autotrophs (producers) and then to various heterotrophs (consumers).

Multiple Choice

An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:

• Autotroph
• Producer
• Consumer
• Mutualist

Multiple Choice

The largest group of organisms found in a food web would be:

• Primary Consumers
• Producers
• Decomposers
• Tertiary Consumers

Multiple Choice

In the energy pyramid below, which organism has the least amount of energy available?

• Producers
• Herbivores
• Carnivores
• Top Predator

Multiple Choice

In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?

• Producers
• Carnivores
• Herbivores
• Top Predator

Niche

• An organisms role in their environment

• For example: like a job, like a worker in a factory has a job to do

Multiple Choice

What is a habitat?

• Where an organism lives.

• What an organism eats.

• A organisms role, or job, in its ecosystem.

Multiple Choice

What is a niche?

• Where an organism lives.

• An organisms role, or job, within its ecosystem.

• What an organism eats.

Multiple Choice

A whale's niche would be which of the following?

• eating plankton and krill.

• eating sharks and dolphins.

• eating hamburgers and fries.

• eating other whales.

Multiple Choice

A squirrels niche would be _________________.

• hunting prey and providing meat for other squirrels.

• searching for fish to eat in the ocean.

• staying busy storing nuts and seeds for winter.

• help decompose other animals and plants.

Multiple Choice

A niche ________________.

• is the function that an organism performs in the food web of that community.

• includes everything else the organism does and needs in its environment.

• is specific to each individual animal and plant.

• All of the above.

Biogeochemical cycles 

Elements, compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another; Connect biological, geological and chemical aspects

Water, Carbon, Nitrogen

Water: Water is constantly moving between

the atmosphere & Earth.

Carbon: Carbon plays many roles – 4 main processes move carbon:

•Biological processes, such as photosynthesis, respiration and decomposition

•Burial and decomposition of dead organisms and their conversion under pressure (fossil fuel)

•Geochemical processes, such as erosion and volcanic activity release CO2

•Mining, cutting and burning forests, burning fossil fuels

Nitrogen: The atmosphere is the main reservoir of nitrogen; it also cycles through the soil and tissues of living organisms.

Multiple Choice

All living things contain carbon.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Carbon can be found in

• the ocean and seas

• rock and mantle of the Earth

• the atmosphere

• all of these are correct

Multiple Choice

Death and decomposition are part of many life cycles. What else helps return nitrogen and carbon to the ground?

• animal waste

• lightning

• rain

• DNA

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is represented by this picture?

• the water cycle

• the carbon cycle

• the nitrogen cycle

• the hydrogen cycle

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is represented in this picture?

• the water cycle

• the carbon cycle

• the nitrogen cycle

• the hydrogen cycle

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is represented in this picture?

• the water cycle

• the carbon cycle

• the nitrogen cycle

• the hydrogen cycle

Symbiosis

Any relationship in which two species live closely together

Mutualism

• both species benefit  from relationship

  
  

Commensalism

• Onse species bennefits while the other species is unaffected

Parasitism

• Parasitic species bennefits while the host species is harmed.

Multiple Choice

A sparrow will build its nest under the nest of an osprey. The smaller birds get protection because other predators will not mess with the osprey. The osprey are not helped nor harmed by the sparrow.

• parasitism
• commensalism
• mutualism

Multiple Choice

Remoras attach themselves to a shark’s body. They then travel with the shark and feed on the leftover food scraps from the shark’s meals. The relationship neither harms nor benefits the shark. 

• parasitism
• commensalism
• mutualism

Multiple Choice

Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths lay their eggs in the flowers where the larvae hatch and eat some of the developing seeds. Both species benefit. 

• parasitism
• commensalism
• mutualism

Multiple Choice

Aphids are tiny insects that live on and eat the leaves of plants, removing vital nutrients from the plants.

• Predation

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

A relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit. 

• Mutualism 
• Competition
• Parasitsm 
• Commensalism 

Multiple Choice

Which symbols best describe parasitism?

• +,+
• +,-
• +,0
• -,0

Multiple Choice

What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.

• commensalism
• mutualism
• parasitism
• predation

Multiple Choice

Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.

• mutualism
• commensalism
• competition
• parasitism

Ecosystems

• Biotic- All the living things in an area

• Abiotic- All the nonliving things in an area EX. light, soil, water, air, nutrients

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a biotic factor?

• sun

• temperature

• soil

• grass

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a biotic factor?

• Coyote

• air

• elephant

Multiple Choice

All living things or organisms in an ecosystem are

• None

• biotic factors

• abiotic factors

Multiple Select

Select ALL the biotic factors

• Rotten log

• water

• dragon fly

• bacteria

• lily pad

Multiple Choice

Temperature is a _________factor

• Biotic

• Abiotic

• living

• cool

Multiple Choice

Biotic can be defined as

• the living parts of an environment

• non-living parts of an environment

• rocks and water

• snakes and water

Multiple Choice

Abiotic can be defined as?

• An organism that is alive

• Non-living parts of the environment

• Living Parts of the environment

• A new kind of Pokemon that lives with Pikachu

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between Abiotic and Biotic 

• one of them is living the other is non living 
• One of them is a cycle other one is chain 
• none of the above 
• both 

Multiple Choice

Is abiotic a non living or a living

• non living 
• living