10.2-The Process of Cell Division Quiz

10.2-The Process of Cell Division Quiz

GQ: How do cells divide?

Chromosomes

• Definition: threadlike structure w/in nucleus that contains genetic info that is passed from generation to the next.

• (2) Types: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic.

• Prokaryotic: lacks nuclei, DNA found in cytoplasm, single-circular DNA chromosome

• Eukaryotic: DNA found in cell nucleus, had more DNA than prokaryotic that is packaged in more chromosome, 46, forms close relationship w/histones (help keep long molecules of DNA organized).

• Cells package DNA into chromosomes to ensure equal division of DNA when a cell divides; Chromosomes make it possible to separate DNA precisely during cell division.

Multiple Choice

What kind of cells do people have?

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

Multiple Choice

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is NOT true about the nucleus of a cell

• It is an organelle found only in Eukaryotic cells

• It is an organelle found only in Prokaryotic cells

• Stores genetic material

• Stores DNA

Multiple Choice

Eukaryotic

• A cell that has NO nucleus

• A cell that has a nucleus

• An organism with one cell

• An organism with many cells

Multiple Choice

Prokaryotic

• A cell that has NO nucleus

• A cell that has a nucleus

• An organism with one cell

• An organism with many cells

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell has circular DNA?

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell has a cytoplasm?

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

• Both

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell has DNA IN A NUCLEUS?

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell has DNA that is NOT in a nucleus?

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell is found in plants, animals, fungi and protists?

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell HAS a nucleus?

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

Multiple Choice

This cell has a nucleus.

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

The Cell Cycle

• Definition: During the cell cycle, a cell grows, prepares for division by copying/replicating/synthesizing DNA, and divides to form two daughter cells.

• Prokaryotic Cell Cycle: includes cell growth, DNA replication; Cell division can happen quickly under good conditions; copies/replicates DNA when cell has grown to a certain size, then it will begin to divide. Cell division is a form of asexual reproduction called binary fission.

• Cell division in single-celled organism produces two genetically identical organisms.

• Refer to Figure 10-6.

The Cell Cycle (continued)

• Eukaryotic Cell Cycle: has four phases: G, S, G_2, M phase.

• Interphase: a period of growth btwn cell divisions: G, S, and G; Cell divides during fourth phase M.

• The length of each part of the cell cycle-and the length of the entire cell cycle-varies depending on the type of cell.

• G₁ (Gap) Phase: Cell Growth-cells do most of their growing, increase in size & synthesize new proteins and organelles.

• S (Synthesize) Phase: DNA Replication-DNA is synthesized (process of producing two identical pairs of DNA from one DNA molecule) when the chromosome is replicated.

• G₂ (Gap) Phase: Preparing for Cell Division- Organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced.

The Cell Cycle (continued)

• M (Mitosis) Phase: Cell Division-two new daughter cells produced.

• Mitosis-first stage; cytokinesis-second stage; ends w/division of cytoplasm.

• Cycle begins again.

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of the cell cycle?

• To create new daughter cells
• To prevent cancer from developing
• To help the body fight viruses and bacteria

Multiple Choice

Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.

• Eukaryotic cells do not have nuclei, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.

• Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.

• Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.

Multiple Choice

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,

• each one with two original strands
• each one with two new strands
• each one with one new strand and one original strand
• one with two new strands and the other with two original strands

Multiple Choice

Why is DNA important?

• it is very small and very complicated
• it's in everything
• it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
• because we eat it every day for energy

Multiple Choice

Each new DNA molecule has:

• two new strands

• one new strand, one original strand

• two original strands

• strands that are mixed up

Multiple Choice

The ___________ holds the replicated sister chromatids together.

• centriole
• chromosomes
• centromere
• cycles

Multiple Choice

How many chromosomes do humans have?

• 46
• 21
• 10

Multiple Choice

Chromosomes carry identical sets of what in their sister chromatids?

• proteins
• carbon molecules
• genetic information
• phospholipids

Multiple Choice

The cycle in which cells undergo growth and division

• Cell Cycle
• Interphase
• Mitosis
• Cytokinesis

Multiple Choice

The structure labeled A is a(n)

• chromatid
• centriole
• centromere
• chromophere

Multiple Choice

The cell spends most of it's life in ________________.

• mitosis
• cytokinesis
• Interphase
• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes.

• 21
• 23
• 46
• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Before cells can divide, what must be copied?

• mitochondria
• cytoplasm
• DNA
• Cell Wall

Multiple Choice

The division of cytoplasm is called cytokenisis

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The division of cytoplasm is called cytokenisis

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

In what phase of mitosis does the cell pinch to form two cells?

• Interphase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

Multiple Choice

Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?

• In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
• In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
• In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
• In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.

Multiple Choice

Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?

• In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
• In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
• In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
• In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.

Multiple Choice

Put the following actions in order: DNA replicates, cell grows, cell divides, cell prepares for mitosis. 

• DNA replicates, cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
• cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, DNA replicates, cell divides
• cell grows, DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
• DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell grows, cell divides

Multiple Choice

Put the following in order: G2, G1, S, mitosis, cytokinesis. 

• G1, G2, S, Mitosis, cytokinesis
• G1, S, G2, Mitosis, cytokinesis
• G1, G2, S, cytokinesis, mitosis
• G1, S, G2, cytokinesis, mitosis

Multiple Choice

Put the following stages of the cell cycle in order: G2, S, G1, M. 

• G1, S, G2, M
• S, G1, G2, M
• G1, M, G2, S
• M, G1, S, G2

Multiple Choice

Put the following stages of mitosis in order: anaphase, prophase, metaphase, and telophase. 

• prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
• prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
• prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
• prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase

Multiple Choice

How many stages are in mitosis?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell prepare for mitosis?

• G1 phase
• S phase
• G2 phase
• M phase

Multiple Choice

During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow?

• G1 phase
• S phase
• M phase
• Cytokinesis

Multiple Choice

During what phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

• G1 phase
• S phase
• G2 phase
• M phase

Multiple Choice

During what phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?

• Interphase
• M phase
• S phase
• G2 phase

Multiple Choice

During which stage of the cell cycle does mitosis and cytokinesis occur?

• Interphase
• S phase
• M phase
• G1 phase

Multiple Choice

During what stage does the G₁, S and G₂ phases happen?

• Interphase
• M phase
• Mitosis
• Cytokinesis

Multiple Choice

What is the longest stage of the cell cycle called?

• Cytokinesis
• M phase
• Interphase
• G1 Phase

Multiple Choice

What is a series of events a cell goes through as they grow and divide?

• Cell Division
• Cell Cycle
• Cytokinesis
• Mitosis

Multiple Choice

What is a series of events a cell goes through as they grow and divide?

• Cell Division
• Cell Cycle
• Cytokinesis
• Mitosis

Mitosis-first stage of the process, division of cell nucleus.

• Four phases: Prophase, anaphase, telophase, metaphase.

• Prophase: (longest phase) genetic material inside nucleus condenses & duplicated chromosomes become visible, spindle forms.

• Metaphase: (shortest phase)-the centromeres of duplicated chromosomes line up across center of cell, spindle fibers connect centromere of each chromosome to the two poles of the spindle.

• Anaphase: begins when sister chromatids separate and begin to move apart-chromosomes separate and move along spindle fibers to opposite ends of the cell.

• Telophase: chromosomes separate into tangle of chromatin (substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consist of DNA coiled around histone).

• As result of mitosis, two nuclei formed, each w/duplicate set of chromosomes.

Multiple Choice

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

• I, M Phase, and C
• PMAT
• I and C
• None of these

Multiple Choice

*Identify the stage of the cell cycle while looking at the picture.

• Prophaese
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

Multiple Choice

Identify the stage of the cell cycle while looking at the picture.

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

Multiple Choice

Identify the stage of the cell cycle while looking at the picture.

• Early Prophase
• Late Propahse

Multiple Choice

Identify the stage of the cell cycle while looking at the picture.

• Interphase
• Telophase
• Metaphase
• Cytokinesis

Multiple Choice

Identify the stage of the cell cycle while looking at the picture.

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

Multiple Choice

Would a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell be more likely to use mitosis as a means of reproduction?

• prokaryotic
• eukaryotic

Multiple Choice

What do the cells look like at the end of mitosis?

• different from original cell
• similar to the original cell
• identical to the original cell
• none of these

Multiple Choice

How many chromosomes do human body cells have?

• 23
• 46
• 92
• None of these

Multiple Choice

The chromosomes start to line up in the middle of the cell.

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

Multiple Choice

Nucleolus and nuclear membrane start to disappear, chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and spindle fibers start to form. Name that Stage!

• Interphase
• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase

Multiple Choice

DNA is copied in the S part of this stage. Name that Stage!

• Interphase
• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anapahse

Multiple Choice

The cytoplasm is divided between the cells splitting the cell into two. Name that Stage!

• Cytokinesis
• Interphase
• Prophase
• Metaphase

Multiple Choice

The sister chromatids of each chromosome are separated (come apart) and move to opposite ends of the cell. Name that Stage!

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

Multiple Choice

Cell division occurs to allow for 

• Growth
• Reproduction
• Repair
• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Cells spend 90% of their time in this stage of the cell cycle. This is the reason you would see most cells in this stage if viewed under a microscope.

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Interphase

Multiple Choice

Where does DNA synthesis happen in eukaryotic cells?

• cytoplasm
• mitochondria
• nucleus
• Golgi apparatus

Multiple Choice

A cell produces more cells by first copying its...

• centioles

• DNA

• chromatids

• cell membranes

Cytokinesis-the division of the cytoplasm.

• Occurs same time as telophase.

• Completes the process of cell division by splitting one cell into two; differs in animal and plant cells.

• Animal-cell membrane drawn inward until cytoplasm is pinched into two nearly equal parts. Each part contains its own nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles.

• Plant-cell membrane not flexible b/c of rigid cell wall surrounding it; a cell plate forms halfway between the divided nuclei, cell plate develops into cell membranes that separate two daughter cells; cell wall forms between two new membranes.