SS 30-2 Chap 8 Part 2

SS 30-2 Chap 8 Part 2

The most heated parts

Strategies used during the Cold War

will be on exams/quiz

Proxy Wars

wars in which superpowers support a side in a conflict or an actual hot war, but are not in direct conflict with each other

• French colonial rule collapsed after WWII, and Vietnam wanted independence.

• Ho Chi Minh and the Viet Minh led a nationalist/communist movement to push out the French.

• After France was defeated at Dien Bien Phu (1954), Vietnam was split into North (communist) and South (anti-communist) at the Geneva Accords.

• Elections meant to unify the country never happened, partly because the South (with U.S. backing) feared a communist victory.

• Tensions, guerrilla insurgency (the Viet Cong) in the South, and increasing U.S. involvement gradually escalated the conflict into a full-scale war.

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Vietnam

• The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979 to support a failing communist government.

• The Afghan resistance fighters (Mujahideen) opposed Soviet occupation.

• The United States, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and others funneled money, weapons, and training to the Mujahideen.

• This allowed the U.S. and allies to undermine Soviet power indirectly without fighting the USSR directly.

• The conflict became one of the most significant proxy battles of the Cold War and contributed to Soviet economic strain.

• After the Soviets withdrew in 1989, Afghanistan fell into civil war, eventually leading to the rise of the Taliban.

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Afghanistan

• After WWII, Korea was split into North (Soviet-backed) and South (U.S.-backed).

• North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950 to reunify the peninsula under communism.

• The United States and UN forces supported South Korea, while China (and indirectly the Soviet Union) supported North Korea.

• This let Cold War superpowers fight indirectly through allies instead of directly confronting each other.

• The war ended in 1953 with an armistice, not a peace treaty—Korea remains divided today.

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Korea

Prestige Race

Competition between powers played out in non-military ways such as the Summit Series, and Olympics.

Propaganda

efforts to manipulate the beliefs and the behaviour of people. Use of media including radio, television, and newspapers

​https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x7v24kl
(start at 14:10)

Balance of Power and Defense systems

Equalizing the strength of competing countries with alliances (example; NATO VS Warsaw pact) and NORAD

Space Race

Each power competes to be the first to achieve things in space.

Espionage

Governments work to gain secret information from opposition. Satellite images, recordings. Example; Igor Gouzenko- defected from Soviet Russia and gave Canada information on Soviet spies in Canada

Deterrence

Government builds up shows of power to "deter" the opposition

​North Korea

Spangdahelm NATO airbase​

Arms Race

Each Power develops more destructive weapons, such as Weapons of Mass destruction. Potential of Mutually Assured Destruction

The Doomsday Clock

a visual representation of how close the world is to Mutually Assured Destruction

Brinkmanship

Pushing conflict to the brink

​Diplomacy (page 208)

Liberation Movements (page 209-210)

Detent and Treaties (page 211-212)

The End of the Cold War (page 212-213)

Ending the Cold War