Introduction to the Industrial Revolution

Introduction to the Industrial Revolution

E.Q. - What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution?

Causes of Industrial Revolution

• The Agricultural Revolution

• A population explosion

• The need for better energy resources

Agricultural Revolution

• Prior to the Industrial Revolution most societies were agrarian (Families were farmers)

• Farmers improved livestock breeding and created better varieties of crops (Increased food production)

• Jethro Tull invented the seed drill (Made planting grain more efficient)

Agricultural Changes

• Enclosure movement: Wealthy farmers bought up land and combined small fields to created larger, fenced-in fields (Allowed for more efficient farming methods, but kicked poor farmers off their land)

• Crop rotation: Rotated crops to prevent a field from losing all of its important minerals and nutrients

Population Explosion

• Agricultural Revolution led to greater food production, which created a population explosion.

• Poor farmers began to move to cities to find other sources of work to support families

Open Ended

Predict: How do you think poor farmers moving to cities will impact rural and urban populations?

The Need for Better Energy Resources

• Prior to industrial Revolution physical labor of humans and animals provided energy for work

• During the Industrial Revolution people began to harness the power of water and coal

• In 1769 James Watt developed the coal-powered steam engine (Steam engines began to run machines during the Industrial Revolution

Multiple Choice

Prior to the Industrial Revolution people lived in what kind of society?

• Industrial

• Educational

• Agrarian

• Urban

Multiple Choice

Which word best describes an agrarian society

• Manufacturing

• Agriculture

• Hunter-gatherer

• Big business

Multiple Choice

Which activity led to a population explosion during the Industrial Revolution?

• Invention of the steam engine

• Crop Rotation

• Urbanization

• Agricultural Revolution

Multiple Choice

In 1769, who developed the coal-powered steam engine?

• James Watt

• Eli Whitney

• James Hargreaves

• Karl Marx