Conditionals

Conditionals

Zero conditional (0), first conditional (I), second conditional (II)

If can start a sentence or stand in the middle. If it goes at the start, we must use a comma before the second half of the sentence.

IF võib olla nii lause alguses kui lõpus. Kui ta on alguses, siis me peame teist lausepoolt alustama komaga.

The zero conditional

Is used for situations that are generally or always true.

If/When you touch fire, you get burned.

Kasutatakse situatsioonides, mis on üldiselt või alati tõelised.

Open Ended

1. Anna is afraid of spiders. She goes stiff with fear when seeing one.

Whenever Anna sees ..., she...

Open Ended

2. Everyone knows that ice melts when you heat it.

When you heat ..., it ...

The first conditional

is used for possible and probable situations in the future and their consequences.

If it rains in the afternoon (a possible future situation), we won't go to the park (the consequence).

Kasutatakse tulevikus toimuvate võimalike või oletatavate situatsioonide ja nende tulemuste kirjeldamiseks.

Open Ended

1. Don't be late again, Mum and Dad will be angry with you.

If you're late again, Mum and Dad ...

Open Ended

2. I can't recommend a film to you. I have to watch it first to see whether I like it.

If I watch ... and I like it, I'll ...

The second conditional

is used for imaginary or improbable situations and their consequences. The situations are in the present or future, NOT in the past.

If I were rich (imaginary present situation), I would travel all over the world (the consequence).

Kasutatakse kujuteldavate ja ebatõenäoliste situatsioonide ja nende tagajärgede kirjeldamiseks. Situatsioonid leiavad aset olevikus või tulevikus, MITTE minevikus.

Open Ended

1. I'm not interested in history so I won't become a historian.

If I were interested..., I'd become ...

Open Ended

2. You don't practise enough, so I don't think you will be a good player.

If you practised ..., you'd ...

The third conditional

is used to talk about hypothetical conditions in the past and their results in the past.

If you had read the instructions, you would have known how to start it.

Kasutatakse minevikus toimuvatest eeldatavatest situatsioonidest ja nende tagajärgedest rääkimisel.