2.2.5 Life Science Practice

2.2.5 Life Science Practice

- Describe tools used for summarizing, displaying, and interpreting scientific data.

- Identify patterns in data.

- Use statistics to summarize and analyze data.

Four Types of Data

• Qualitative - describes in words (tall, squishy)

• Quantitative - describes in numbers (4, 9, 11)

• Discrete - whole numbers, used when counting

• Continuous - used when measuring, includes fractions and decimals

Multiple Choice

The number of seats in a car is _____ data

• Discrete

• Continuous

Multiple Choice

There are 40 sheep on a farm.

The weight of the sheep is _____ data

• Qualitative

• Discrete

• Continuous

Multiple Choice

A shop owner records information about his customers.

The method of transport is _____ data

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

Multiple Choice

A shop owner records information about his customers.

The distance they traveled to get to the shop is _____ data

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

Multiple Choice

A car salesman records information about the cars he is selling.

The age of each car is _____ data

• Qualitative

• Continuous

• Discrete

Multiple Choice

A car salesman records information about the cars he is selling.

The number of doors is _____ data

• Qualitative

• Continuous

• Discrete

Multiple Select

Your friend records the amount of time it takes you to eat a whole pizza. Which TWO terms describe this type of data?

• Continuous

• Quantitative

• Discrete

• Qualitative

Types of Graphs

• Circle graph (pie chart) - show proportions (fractions or percentages) of a whole

• Line graph - shows how two variables are related (independent on X axis and dependent on Y axis)

• Scatterplot - shows how two variables are related after a line of best fit is drawn

• Histogram - shows frequency (how often or how many events happen over time)

Scatterplot uses Line of Best Fit

Circle Graph

Shows how the parts of something relate to the whole. A circle graph is divided into sectors, where each sector represents a particular category. The entire circle is 1 whole or 100%, and a sector of the circle is a part.

Line Graph

A line graph is a type of chart used to show information that changes over time. It is composed of an X-axis along the bottom and a Y-axis going up and down

Histogram

• Shows frequency distribution

• The bar heights show how often something occurs in each interval

Multiple Choice

Katrina surveyed her 25 classmates on their favourite colour. What type of graph would best represent this information?

• bar graph

• histogram

• circle graph

• both bar graph and circle graph

Multiple Choice

Which type of graph is best suited for illustrating how a whole is divided?

• circle graph

• scatterplot

• line graph

• histogram

Multiple Choice

What type of graph is this?

• line graph

• bar graph

• circle graph

Multiple Choice

What type of graph is this?

• line graph

• bar graph

• circle graph

Multiple Select

Which features are part of a line graph (check all that apply)

• X-axis

• Y-axis

• Line of best fit

• Dependent variable

Analyzing Data - What to look for

• Trends (up/down over time)

• Inconsistencies (data isn't all similar)

• Possible Errors (random or human)

Open Ended

How do you know if there is a TREND in your data?

Multiple Choice

If the data shows a POSITIVE trend, how would the line appear when looking from left to right?

• Goes straight up and down

• Starts high and ends low

• Starts low and ends high

• Straight across from left to right

Descriptive Statistics

• Mean - average of all data

• Median - arrange data smallest to largest and identify the middle number

• Mode - the number that occurs most frequently

Multiple Choice

What is the median?

• biggest- smallest
• average
• the middle #
• # that happens the most

Multiple Choice

What is the median of this data set?
7.3, 2.9, 1.5, 0.6, 3.8

• 2.9
• 3
• 3.5
• 4.3

Multiple Choice

Find the median of these numbers:
4,2,7,4,3

• 2
• 5
• 7
• 4

Multiple Choice

1. Find the average (mean) of these numbers.
10, 3, 2, 5

• 5
• 4
• 10
• 3

Multiple Choice

Find the median:
3, 5, 7, 4, 3, 1

• 3 and 4
• There isn't one
• 3.5
• 3