Summary of the Subjunctive

The Subjunctive Mood

A summary

Multiple Choice

What is the subjunctive?

• a tense

• a mood

• something else

What is a tense?

A tense tells you when an event took place or what someone did.

Multiple Choice

In English there are three main tenses. What are they?

• present, command, future

• present, past, future

• present, conditional, future

• present, past, conditional, future

We talk about most events in the future, the present or the past.

So far you have learned the present, past (preterite and imperfect) and the future. In addition to this you have also learned the conditional and progressive tenses. You will learn the perfect tenses soon.

What is meant by a mood?

Multiple Select

A mood is how a verb expresses itself. It can be expressed as a fact, statement/declaration, command, a wish, a condition, a question, doubt or be a statement of influence.

What are the three moods?

• indicative

• interrogative

• subjunctive

• imperative

• conditional

Technically all of the choices in the previous slide are moods but the three basic ones (and the only ones that most people refer to) are:

indicative

subjunctive

imperative

Multiple Select

What does the subjunctive mood express? Mark all that apply.

• questions

• probability and doubt

• hypotheses

• recommendations/suggestions

• commands

Use of the Subjunctive

You use the subjunctive when you have two clauses that are separated by "que". Each clause must have its own subject.

The first clause must express doubt, probability or be an influence (suggestion, recommendation, etc.) The second clause will be take the present subjunctive.

Trigger phrases in the first clause that will be followed with the subjunctive in the second.

Examples of the Subjunctive

I recommend that you learn how to conjugate verbs in the present subjunctive.

Your teacher suggests that everyone study the subjunctive before the test.

It's doubtful that they will serve ice cream in your Spanish class.

It's possible that Mr. McGraw will order Chic-fil-a for everyone.

Notice that every sentence has two different subjects and the clauses are separated by "that".

Sometimes, in English there is only an implied "that". The second subject may act as a direct object. You will have to convert this when you write this type of sentence in Spanish.

My students want me to give them an A.

My students want that I give them an A.

We need you to teach us more.

We need that you teach us more.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of the subjunctive?

• They want to leave

• They want us to bring the snack.

• I doubt that the Easter Bunny will visit this year

• We know how to tie our shoes and count to ten.

• He suggests that I read my emails more often.

Multiple Choice

Let's review. Mark all of the responses that describe the subjunctive.

• The subjunctive is a tense.

• The subjunctive is used to express doubt, probability, hypotheses, and influence.

• The subjunctive is used when there are two clauses with the same subject.

• The subjunctive is used when there are two clauses that use two different subjects.

• The word "que" must separate the clauses.

Formation of the subjunctive

Forming the subjunctive

1) Take the "yo" form of the present tense'

2) Drop the -0;

3) Add the opposite endings.

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Marta recomienda que Samuel y yo ______ hoy. (descansar)

• descansemos

• descansamos

• descancemos

• descansumos

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Ellos quieren que yo _____ energía. (conservar)

• conservare

• conservo

• conserva

• conserve

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Paula quiere que yo __________ la reunión. (asistir)

• asiste

• asisti

• asista

• asistira

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Mi mamá insiste que mi hermano _______ dinero. (ahorrar)

• ahorra

• ahorrara

• ahorre

• ahorrare

Verbs that have spelling changes in the "yo" form.

After you drop the -o and add the opposite ending, you just need to finish conjugating it.

ex.: haga, hagas, haga, hagamos, hagáis, hagan

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Yo quiero que tú _____ ahora. (salir)

• salos

• salas

• salgas

• salgías

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es necesario que Hugo ______ su tarea. (hacer)

• haga

• hague

• hagua

• haca

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es importante que tú ________ en cama si estás enfermo. (permanecer)

• permanecas

• permanezcas

• permanequas

• permanezques

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es imporante que nosotros ________ una respuesta del profesor. (elegir)

• elegiramos

• eligamos

• elijemos

• elijamos

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

No creo que él ________ las bebidas. (traer)

• traera

• traigua

• traiga

• traigue

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es malo que nosotros no _________ nuestros padres. (incluir)

• incluyemos

• incluimos

• incluamos

• incluyamos

Boot Verbs

If it was a boot verb in the present indicative, it will remain a boot verb in the present subjunctive.

Dormir will have an odd spelling change. The -o changes to -u in 1st and 2nd person plural.

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Ojalá que nosotros _______ estudiar juntos. (poder)

• puedamos

• puedemos

• podamos

• podemos

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es necesario que tú _______ el subjuntivo. (entender)

• entiendas

• entiendes

• entendas

• entendes

Multiple Choice

Es dudoso que Irma y yo _______ este restaurante de nuevo. (recomendar)

• recomendamos

• recomiendamos

• recomendemos

• recomiendemos

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Ojalá que todos los estudiantes ______ la lección.

• entienden

• entiendan

• entenderan

• entenderen

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Mi papá espera que mi hermana y yo ______ los regalos. (envolver)

• envolvamos

• envuelvamos

• envolvemos

• envuelvemos

-car verbs

Verbs ending in -car will have a spelling change. The "c" will change to "qu". There is an example of a -car in the image. Look at buscar.

Examples of this verb:

sacar

tocar

buscar

-zar verbs

Verbs that end in -zar will have a spelling change as well. The "z" will change to "c". The example also is a boot verb.

Verbs that end in -zar:

empezar

comenzar

almorzar

cruzar

-gar verbs

Finally, verbs ending in -gar will have spelling change. The "-g" will change to "-gu". Look at how llegar is conjugated in the chart.

Verbs like this include:

jugar

pagar

entregar

llegar

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Yo dudo que Lola ________ temprano. (llegar)

• llega

• llegua

• llegue

• lleje

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es importante que todos _____ buenas notas. (sacar)

• saquen

• saquan

• sacuen

• sacen

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es bueno que los niños y yo ______ afuera. (jugar)

• jueguemos

• juguemos

• jugemos

• juzguemos

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es necesario que los estudiantes _____ los eventos de la escuela. (organizar)

• organisen

• organisan

• organizen

• organicen

Irregular Verbs

Technically, there are five irregular verbs in the present subjunctive: ser, saber, ir, estar, haber and dar.

For the time being you will not be working with the verb haber.

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es posible que ____ a llover hoy. (ir)

• va

• vaya

• vaia

• fue

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es posible que los estudiantes no _____ el alfabeto español. (saber)

• saben

• supen

• sepan

• saban

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es posible que los hijo nos _______ mintiendo a nosotros. (estar)

• estén

• esten

• están

• estarén

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Es improbable que _________ una ceremonia para la ocación. (haber)

• haba

• hay

• haya

• habya

Multiple Choice

Practice - Choose the correct form of the subjunctive for the sentence.

Mónica duda que José _______ ladrón. (ser)

• see

• esa

• esea

• sea

Multiple Choice

Quiero que mi mamá me ______ dinero. (dar)

• de

• dé

• dea

• deé