Historical context in which Mexico emerged as an independent
Presentation
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History
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12th Grade
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Practice Problem
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Medium
Rosela Granados
Used 3+ times
FREE Resource
9 Slides • 4 Questions
1
Historical context in which Mexico emerged as an independent
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Background
In 1810, some Creoles, mestizos, Indians and blacks, took up arms against Spanish rule (led by Miguel Hidalgo and José María Morelos), but failed in their attempt. It seemed that independence was not going to be achieved.
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Constitution of Cádiz
Meanwhile, the people in Spain rebelled against their king and forced him to promulgate a liberal constitution: the Constitution of Cádiz. That constitution established that all Americans were equal in law, with the same rights and freedoms. The above mentioned had to be necessarily applied in our country, since we were part of the Spanish Empire.
4
Constitution of Cádiz
The rich Spaniards and Creoles of Mexico, to prevent the freedoms, rights and equality contemplated in the Constitution of Cádiz from entering the country, decided to become independent from Spain.
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Constitution of Cádiz
They did this to continue exploiting the rest of the population, and thus maintain their interests, privileges, money and power. Agustín de Iturbide was chosen to achieve an independence that was a betrayal of the people and of the ideals of Hidalgo and Morelos.
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Multiple Choice
What was the Spanish constitution that the Creoles and wealthy Spaniards wanted to prevent from reaching Mexico?
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Multiple Choice
Who did the rich Creoles and Spaniards entrust to make Nueva España independent?
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Achievements of independence
Socially, independence achieved nothing. The exploitation regime was maintained, but without the order imposed by the Spanish Crown.
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Liberals and conservatives
Due to the aforementioned, Mexico quickly divided into two political groups: the LIBERAL and the CONSERVATIVE. The Liberals were the former insurgents, heirs to the ideals of Hidalgo and Morelos. The conservatives were followers of the Spanish and Creole tradition, and wanted to "preserve" the colonial system.
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Liberals
The liberals wanted freedom for the people: they wanted to take power away from the conservatives, the Catholic Church and the army, to establish in Mexico a federal and democratic republic, with free and equal citizens before the law. They had the support of the people.
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Conservatives
On the other hand, the Conservatives wanted to retain power and for things to stay as they were. They had the support of their money, the Catholic Church and part of the army. They wanted for Mexico a monarchical government (with a European king) or an Empire; or in the worst case, a centralist republic (the whole country is governed from the center, from Mexico City, and there are no free and sovereign states).
12
Multiple Choice
Who were those who considered themselves "heirs" of the ideals of Hidalgo and Morelos?
13
Multiple Choice
What did the conservatives want for Mexico?
Historical context in which Mexico emerged as an independent
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