Blood Glucose

Blood Glucose

Homeostasis

Multiple Choice

Which hormone is known for its 'flight or fight response'?

• Insulin

• Adrenaline

• Thyroxine

• Testosterone

Multiple Choice

Which gland is called the 'master gland'?

• Adrenal gland

• Pancreas

• Pituitary gland

• Testes

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the system in the body that is made up of glands and hormones?

• Endocrine system

• Nervous system

• Digestive system

• Reproductive system

Multiple Select

Identify all of the hormones in the list

• Testosterone

• Insulin

• Glucose

• Adrenaline

• Chlorophyll

Learning Objectives

• Identifying the hormones involved in blood sugar maintenance

• Describing how hormones maintain blood sugar

• Explaining the symptoms and treatments for diabetes

Controlling Blood Sugar

Glucose is needed by all cells for respiration

After a meal, large amounts of glucose pass into your blood

Without a control mechanism the sugar in your blood would vary greatly from very high (after eating) to very low (several hours later)

This is prevented by the pancreas, which monitors and controls blood glucose by releasing two hormones: insulin and glucagon

When blood glucose levels get too high the pancreas releases insulin to lower it

High Blood Sugar

• After eating, blood sugar level rises

• This is detected by the pancreas

• The pancreas releases insulin into the blood stream

• Insulin travels to the liver

• The liver converts the glucose into stored glycogen

• The glucose is removed from the blood so blood sugar level falls

Low Blood Sugar

After a long time without eating, or after a lot of exercise, blood sugar levels fall

The pancreas releases the hormone glucagon to increase the blood sugar level back to normal

Open Ended

Write your own explanation of how blood sugar level is raised back to normal after not eating for several hours.

High Blood Sugar

• After not eating for several hours, blood sugar level falls

• This is detected by the pancreas

• The pancreas releases glucagon into the blood stream

• Glucagon travels to the liver

• The liver converts the stored glycogen into glucose

• The glucose is added to the blood so blood sugar level rises

Multiple Choice

What is glucose stored as in the liver?

• Glucose

• Glucagon

• Glycogen

• Glycoloid

Multiple Choice

What gland detects changes in blood sugar levels?

• Pituitary

• Thyroid

• Adrenal

• Pancreas

Multiple Choice

What hormone is released when blood sugar level rises?

• Insulin

• Glucose

• Glycogen

• Glucagon

Diabetes

If blood glucose concentration stays too high for a long period of time, a disorder called diabetes can develop.

Diabetes means someone cannot regulate their blood sugar levels to keep them at the optimum level

Open Ended

What do you already know about the two types of diabetes?

Hint: Who does it affect? What are the symptoms? How is it treated?

Type I Diabetes

• Affects: Children (but lasts for life)

• Symptoms: Thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, changes in vision, itching, fatigue

• Causes: Genetic

• Insulin: Not enough produced

• Treated: Daily insulin injections

Type II Diabetes

• Affects: Adults (normally over 40)

• Symptoms: Thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, changes in vision, itching, fatigue

• Causes: Unhealthy lifestyle (obesity and diet)

• Insulin: Body no longer responds

• Treated: Healthy diet, exercise, medication, insulin injections

Multiple Choice

What is glucose used for inside cells?

• Photosynthesis

• Protein synthesis

• Respiration

• DNA replication

Multiple Choice

Which of these could NOT be used to treat Type II diabetes?

• Exercise

• Healhty diet

• Glucose tablets

• Weight loss

• Insulin injections

Multiple Choice

Type I diabetes is diagnosed in childhood

• True

• False

Multiple Select

Select all the symptoms of diabetes

• Loss of taste

• Tiredness

• Thirst

• Vision changes

• Weight gain

Multiple Choice

Which type of diabetes is caused mainly by genetics?

• Type I

• Type II

• Gluconeogenesis