Chapter 5- Molecules and Compounds

Chapter 5- Molecules and Compounds

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Previous Chapter 4

4.2 Indivisible: The Atomic Theory 

4.3 The Nuclear Atom 

4.4 The Properties of Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons 

4.5 Elements: Defined by Their Numbers of Protons 

4.6 Looking for Patterns: The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table 

4.7 Ions: Losing and Gaining Electrons 

4.8 Isotopes: When the Number of Neutrons Varies 

4.9 Atomic Mass: The Average Mass of an Element’s Atoms 

Checking Comprehension Chapter 4

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number?

• the number of protons
• the number of protons and neutrons
• the number of neutrons
• the number of protons and electrons

Multiple Choice

What is the mass number defined as?

• the number of protons
• the number of protons and neutrons
• the number of neutrons
• the number of protons and electrons

Multiple Choice

An element has the mass number 12 and atomic number 6. The number of neutrons in it is:

• 6

• 10

• 4

• 8

Multiple Choice

How many protons are in a sodium atom (Na)?

• Sodium has 16 protons.

• Sodium has 12 protons.

• Sodium has 11 protons

• Sodium has 22 protons

Multiple Choice

What is the mass number of this atom?

• 1

• 3

• 4

• 7

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number of this atom?

• 1

• 3

• 4

• 7

Multiple Choice

When an atom loses a valence electron, it becomes a(n) _____________ ion.

• positive
• negative
• neutral
• polyatomic

Multiple Choice

Ions are: 

• atoms with a positive or negative charge
• atoms with no charge
• atoms with ONLY a positive charge
• atoms with ONLY a negative charge

Multiple Choice

Mg ionizes to a charge of ______.

• +1

• +2

• -1

• -2

Multiple Choice

Be ionizes to a charge of ________.

• +1

• +2

• -1

• -2

Multiple Choice

Na ionizes to a charge of _______

• +1

• +2

• -1

• -2

Multiple Choice

A row on the Periodic Table of Elements

• family

• period

• row

• isotope

Multiple Choice

A grouping of elements based on similar chemical properties, arranged by columns in the periodic table; also known as a group

• family

• period

• row

• isotope

Multiple Choice

Periodic law states that the elements are arranged according to their atomic ________ so that elements with similar chemical properties are in the same ________ and properties repeat periodically.

• numbers, rows

• masses, rows

• masses, column

• numbers, column

Brief description

Chapter 5 introduces predicting and writing chemical formulas. You will also learn how to derive the name of a molecule from the formula and the type of species. The naming of ionic compounds, molecular compounds, and acids will be explained

Chapter topics

5.2 Compounds Display Constant Composition  

5.3 Chemical Formulas: How to Represent Compounds  

5.4 A Molecular View of Elements and Compounds  

5.5 Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds  

5.6 Nomenclature: Naming Compounds  

5.7 Naming Ionic Compounds  

5.8 Naming Molecular Compounds  

5.9 Naming Acids  

5.10 Nomenclature Summary  

5.11 Formula Mass: The Mass of a Molecule or Formula Unit  

Compounds Display Constant Composition  

The law of constant composition says that, in any particular chemical compound, all samples of that compound will be made up of the same elements in the same proportion or ratio. For example, any water molecule is always made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom in a 2:1 ratio.

Chemical Formulas: How to Represent Compounds  

Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds  

Naming Ionic Compounds  

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Naming Molecular Compounds  

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Naming Acids  

Naming Bases

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Formula Mass: The Mass of a Molecule or Formula Unit 

Multiple Choice

Titanium(IV) oxide has the formula

• Ti₄O

• TiO₄

• Ti(IV)O

• TiO₂

• Ti₄O₂

Multiple Choice

Which of the following formulas is

incorrect?

• CaNO₃

• MgS

• AlBr₃

• Li₂O

• NaOH

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not the correct

combination of compound name and its formula?

• hydrobromic acid; HBr

• calcium sulfate; CaSO₄

• beryllium oxide; BeO

• nickel(II) peroxide; Ni₂O

• ammonium chromate; (NH₄)₂CrO₄

Multiple Choice

The charge on a lithium ion in its ionic

compound is _____.

• +1

• +2

• +3

• -1

• Varies

Multiple Choice

The correct name for FeO is _____.

• iron oxide

• iron (II) oxide

• iron (III) oxide

• iron (IV) oxide

• iron (I) oxide

Multiple Choice

The correct name for LiCl is _______.

• lithium monochloride

• lithium(I) chloride

• monolithium chloride

• lithium chloride

• monolithium monochloride

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a binary

compound?

• O₂

• HCN

• H₂SO₄

• H₂S

• NaOH

Multiple Choice

What is the mass of one mole of aluminum chloride (remember to determine the correct formula first)?

• 62.435g
• 116.399g
• 133.341g
• 97.888g

Multiple Choice

Sodium hydroxide is used in many industries: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner. What is the molar mass of NaOH?

• 40 amu

• 38.989 amu

• 23.998 amu

• 57.004 amu

Multiple Choice

What is the molar mass of table salt (NaCl)?

• 116.886 g/mol
• 35.453 g/mol
• 22.990 g/mol
• 58.443 g/mol

Multiple Choice

Fluorine is added to city water supplies in the proportion of about one part per million to help prevent tooth decay. Several fluoride compounds are added to toothpaste, also to help prevent tooth decay. What is the molar mass of fluorine gas?

• 18.998 amu

• 38 amu

• 9 amu

• 18 amu

Multiple Choice

Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula SiO_2. Silica is one of the most complex and most abundant families of materials, existing as a compound of several minerals and as synthetic product. What is the formula mass of the covalent compound silicon dioxide (SiO₂)?

• 7193.6 amu

• 30.0 amu

• 44.1 amu

• 60.1 amu