Solids, Liquids, Gases Part 2

Solids, Liquids, Gases

Part 2

Let's Recall

• Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in solid, liquid and gas

• Draw the arrangement of particles in solid, liquid and gas

Multiple Select

Which of the following are physical properties of solids?

• fixed volume

• fixed shape

• can be compressed

• can flow

• have high densities

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly describes the arrangement of particles in solids?

• vibrate about their fixed positions

• closely packed in a fixed and regular pattern

• closely packed in a random arrangement

• move freely and randomly at high speeds

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best explains why solids cannot flow?

• The particles are packed very closely in an orderly arrangement.

• The particles are vibrating in their fixed positions.

• The particles are free to move randomly at high speeds.

• The particles have low amounts of energy.

• The particles are held together by strong attractive forces.

Multiple Choice

Which state of matter can be compressed and why?

• liquid because the particles slip and slide over one another

• liquid because the particles are far apart

• gas because the particles are very far apart

• gas because the particles move freely at high speeds

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly describes the movement of particles in the liquid state?

• closely packed in a random arrangement

• slip and roll over one another

• move freely and randomly at high speeds

Multiple Choice

In which state does the particles have the least amount of energy?

Multiple Choice

In which state does the particles have the strongest forces of attraction?

Success Criteria

• Explain the interconversion of states of matter in terms of kinetic particle theory and the energy changes involve

• Draw and interpret heating and cooling curve

Interconversion of states of matter

Interconversion of states of matter

Note

• For melting, boiling and sublimation to take place, particles need to take in energy => energy is absorbed => endothermic

• For freezing and condensation to take place, particles will release energy => energy is given off => exothermic

Determining state of matter with m.p. and b.p.

Determine the state of each substance at room temperature.

Determine the state of each substance at 200 ^oC.

Quiz Time

Multiple Select

Select the substance(s) that is/are gases at 30 ^oC.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Select

Select the substance(s) that is/are solids at -30 ^oC.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

What is the state of substance C at room temperature?

• solid

• liquid

• gas

Multiple Choice

In which substance does its particles vibrate at their fixed positions at 20 ^oC?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Success Criteria

• Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in solid, liquid and gas

• Draw the arrangement of particles in solid, liquid and gas

• Explain the interconversion of states of matter in terms of kinetic particle theory and the energy changes involve

• Draw and interpret heating and cooling curve (not in WA)

How is this heating curve obtained?

Heating Curve of Water

As you view the video, record your answers to the questions on page 4.

• Why is the temperature not changing at 0^oC though heat is added?

• What state(s) of matter do you observe at 0^oC?

• Why is the temperature starting to rise after 0^oC?

• What state of matter do you observe between 1 - 90^oC?

• What happens to the temperature when water is boiling? Explain.

• Suggest why the boiling point of water is not always 100^oC.

Why is the temperature not changing at 0^oC though heat is added?

• The added heat is (used) absorbed to (melt the ice) overcome the forces of attraction between particles instead of making the particles move faster. 

What state(s) of matter do you observe at 0^oC?

• solid and liquid

Why is the temperature starting to rise after 0^oC?

Added heat causes the particles to move faster and increase the average kinetic energy of particles, hence increasing temperature.

What state of matter do you observe between 1 - 90^oC?

• liquid

What happens to the temperature when water is boiling? Explain.

• Heat energy is absorbed by the particles to overcome the forces of attraction between particles. 

Suggest why the boiling point of water is not always 100^oC.

• The water is not pure.

• The atmospheric pressure is not 1 atm.

• The thermometer is not well calibrated.

Please take 3 mins to understand about cooling curve.

Quiz Time

cooling curve

Multiple Choice

The graph shows an unknown substance being cooled from 200^oC to 75^oC.

What is/are the state(s) of substance between parts A - B?

• gas

• liquid and gas

• liquid

Multiple Choice

With reference to the same graph, what is the boiling point of this substance?

• 200^oC

• 150^oC

• 100^oC

• 50^oC

Multiple Choice

Name the process taking place between parts D - E.

• condensation

• boiling

• freezing

• melting

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best explains why the temperature remains constant between parts D - E?

• Heat is absorbed to overcome the forces of attraction between particles.

• Heat is absorbed to form the forces of attraction between particles.

• Heat is given off to overcome the forces of attraction between particles.

• Heat is given off to form the forces of attraction between particles.