Cell theory and Organelles

Cell theory and Cell Function

3/8/21

Multiple Select

Which of the following are the two types of cells

• Prokaryotes

• Eukaryotes

• Mitochondria

• Chlorophyll

Open Ended

Provide an example of a prokaryotic organisms

Open Ended

Provide an example of Eukaryotic organisms

Cell Theory and Cell Functions

Fun cell facts

• Cells are the basic building block of all living things

• Usually the smallest living organisms are made of a single cell (Bacteria)

• Different cells have different functions, their shape can also vary based on function

Open Ended

what is the basic building block of all living things?

Robert Hooke

Cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in the 1660's while looking at quark made of tree bark, he named them cells because of the box shape that reminded him of cells of a monastery

Matthias Schleiden

Between 1838-1839 Schleiden proposed the first foundational belief about cells, that all plant tissues are composed of cells

Theodor Schwann

During the same time as Shleiden, Schwann was also observing cells, he proposed all animal tissues were made of cells as well. 

The Emergence of The first 2 tenants of cell theory.

Schwann blended both statements into one theory which said

1) All living organisms consist of one or more cells and

2) The cell is the basic unit of structure for all living organisms. (later changed to cells are the basic unit of life)

Multiple Choice

____ is credited with being the first scientist to observe cork cells.

• Leewenhoek

• Shleidon

• Hooke

Rudolf Virchow

• In 1855 provided the final part of cell theory

• All cells come from pre-existing cells.

Cell Theory

1) The cell is the basic unit of life

2) All living things are made of one or more cells

3) All cells come from pre-existing cells

The modern version of the cell theory includes several new ideas that reflect the knowledge that has been gained since the mid-1800s. These include the knowledge that energy flows within cells, hereditary information is passed from cell to cell, and cells are made of the same basic chemical components.

Multiple Choice

What is one way in which all living things on Earth are alike?

• All living things have hair.
• All living things are made of cells and come from other cells.
• The cells of all living things have chloroplast.
• All living things can move. 

Multiple Choice

Which of these is part of the cell theory

• Cells are the basic unit of life
• Only plant cells have a Chloroplast
• All cells have a nucleus
• Animal cells are round and blob like

Multiple Choice

Which of these is part of the cell theory

• Every living thing is made of cells
• Everything with cells will die
• All cells have a nucleus
• Plant cells and Animal cells have some differences

Functions of a cell

• Provide structure and support

• Take in nutrients from food

• Convert nutrients into energy

• Remove waste

• Reproduce

Multiple Choice

 Cell Theory states: "All living things are made up of cells."

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

All cells are produced ____________.

• from nothing
• from other cells

Organelles

• Organelles are like tiny organs inside of a cell that allow it to cary daily functions such as

• Process and release energy

• destroy and digest material

• replicate genetic information

Open Ended

What are the three parts to cell theory?

Multiple Choice

Scientists often use models to represent things that are too small to see with out microscope. The advantage of a model like the one below, which shows the interior cells of a plant leaf, is that it allows scientist to study the structure of a plant leaf and how it relates to cell theory. How does this model support cell theory.

• the model shows that although some cells obtain energy from food, other cells do not require energy at all. This supports the part of the cell theory that states all cells do not require energy

• The model shows that all the cells in a leaf are identical. This supports the part of the cell theory that states that all the cells in an organism are exactly the same.

• The model shows that leaves are made of chlorophyll, a nonliving substance. This supports the part of cell theory that states that plants are nonliving things

• The model shows that a leaf is composed of many different kinds of cells. This supports the part of cell theory that states that all organisms are composed of cells.

Multiple Choice

A biologist placed a Petri dish full of pond water under a high-powered microscope. She spent an hour observing the tiny organisms in the water. One of the organisms she observed was made of just one cell. she observed this organism take in nutrients from the surrounding water. It also expelled waste. The organism reproduced every 20 min, by dividing itself into two identical organisms. At the end of the hour, the first organism and its offspring had reproduces so that a total for seven organisms, each made of one cell were now in the Petri dish.

How do the biologist's observations support cell theory?

• The biologist observed that cells are composed of many smaller living things.

• The biologist observed living things that were not made from cells.

• The biologist observed that new cells come form existing cells.

• The biologist observed that every cell is different and has completely different functions.

Multiple Choice

In 1665, the English scientist Robert Hooke published a book called Micrographia. The book contained detailed drawings of all the organisms and materials. Hooke had examined under his microscope. The book was a best seller at the time. One of the drawings shows a thin layer of cork, the bark from a cork tree. Hooke commented that the cork was divided into many "pores" or "cells" that looked like small rooms. In fact, this was the first drawing of plant cells.

How were Hooke's observations valuable int he development of cell theory?

• Hooke's observations of the "cells" in cork bark helped lead to the concept that all living things are made of cells.

• Hooke's observations of the "pores" in a thin layer of cork helped lead to the concept that the outer layer of a cell has many pores or holes in it.

• Hooke's observations on the "cells" in cork bark helped lead to the concept that nonliving things such as rocks and sand are made of cells.

• Hooke's observations on the "cells" in cork bark helped head to the concept that trees are not living organisms.

Multiple Choice

A biology student planned an investigation to observe some of his own cells. He used a swab to get cells form the inside surface of his cheek. He put the cells n a slide and dyed them with a drop of dye. Then he put the slide under a microscope. The student observed that his cheek cells were all similar in size and shape. Next, he scraped some skin cells from his own arm. he put the cells on a slide and dyed them. The student noticed that the skin cells were a different shape than the cheek cells. He concluded that cells form different parts of his body probably had different shapes, depending on their function.

How do the biology student's observations relate to cell theory?

• The biology student saw the different cells had different shapes. This does NOT support cell theory, which states that all cells are identical.

• the biology student saw that his body was made of cells. this supports cell theory, which states that all living things are made of cells.

• The biology student saw that cheek cells were alive, but skin cells were dead. This supports cell theory, which states that nonliving things such as air or water are me of nonliving cells, while living things such as plants and animals are made of living cells.

• The biology student's observations do not relate to cell theory in any way.

Multiple Choice

What are the differences between a prokaryotic and eukaryote?

• The prokaryote does not have a membrane bound nucleus, but the eukaryote does

• The prokaryote has more cell structures than the eukaryote

• the prokaryote is larger

• the eukaryote has several cells