Solubility Rules

Solubility Rules

Objective: you will be able to tell if a substance is soluble or insoluble without testing best on the Rules of Solubility.

Multiple Choice

True or false: All salts ionic compounds.

Think about it, Sodium chloride, Copper sulfate, Calcium chloride.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What best describes a substance that is SOLUBLE?

• A substance that does not dissolve in another substance.

• A substance that does dissolve in another substance

Multiple Choice

What best describes a substance that is INSOLUBLE?

• A substance that does not dissolve in another substance.

• A substance that does dissolve in another substance

Review

• Solutions are made of two parts: Solute and solvent.

• When solute are able to dissolve, they are considered Soluble. When they do not dissolve, they are considered insoluble.

• Ionic bonds occur between a metal and a non-metal (focus for today).

Dissociation

Occurs when an ionic compound separates into its ionic components.

Not all Ionic compounds dissolve. Instead of doing experiments every time to determine solubility, we just have to follow the rules.

Solubility Rules 1-3

1. Alkali metal (Group IA) compounds are soluble.

2. Ammonium (NH4+) compounds are soluble.

3. Nitrates (NO3-), chlorates (ClO3-), and perchlorates (ClO4-) are soluble.

Solubility Rules 4-5

4. Most hydroxides (OH-) are insoluble. The exceptions are the alkali metal hydroxides and Ba(OH)2. Ca(OH)2 is slightly soluble.

5. Most chlorides (Cl-), bromides (Br-) or iodides (I-) are soluble. The exceptions are those containing Ag+, Hg+2, and Pb+2.

Solubility Rules 6-7

6. Carbonates (CO3-2), phosphates (PO4-3) and sulfides (S-2) are insoluble. The exceptions are the alkali metals and the ammonium ion.

7. Most sulfates (SO4-2) are soluble. CaSO4 and Ag2SO4 are slightly soluble. BaSO4, HgSO4 and PbSO4 are insoluble.

Check your understanding

Answer whether the following is soluble or insoluble. Note what rule makes it soluble or insoluble.

Multiple Choice

NaNO3

• Soluble

• Insoluble

Multiple Select

Why is NaNO3 Soluble? Select all that apply.

• Nitrates are soluble

• Ions with alkali metals are soluble

Multiple Choice

AgNO3

• Soluble

• Insoluble

Multiple Choice

Iron (II) carbonate

• Soluble

• Insoluble

STOP!!!! Practice Time

DO NOT EXIT OR CONTINUE the screen. You will come back here after you have finished the practice worksheet

Complete the attached worksheet to help you organize the solubility rules. Follow the directions at the top of the page. After you are done. Answer the follow up questions.

Multiple Choice

How many soluble substances do you have listed for Chlorides?

• 0

• 4

• 3

• 1

Multiple Choice

Was BaCO3 soluble or insoluble?

• Soluble

• Insoluble

Multiple Choice

How many soluble substances are listed for iodides?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

How many sulfates were insoluble

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Open Ended

Why should you have all nitrates in the soluble beaker?

Great! If you did good. Please review the material. If not, go back and check your understanding.

One more thing....

Poll

On a scale of 1-5, how confident do you feel about differentiating between soluble and insoluble substances? 1- I'm lost; 5- I got this!

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5