Human nd Plant Reproduction

Human and Plant Reproduction

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Multiple Choice

SC.912.L.16.13 HUMAN REPRODUCTION

During fertilization, the male sperm unites with the female egg to form a zygote that develops into a fetus. In which female structure does almost all of fetal development take place?

• Ovaries

• Fallopian Tube

• Uterus

• Cervix

Multiple Choice

While a woman is pregnant, she will gain weight during the entire nine month period. However, the fetus does not gain weight and increase in length at the same rate throughout this time. At what point does the fetus change the most dramatically in size?

• the first week of birth

• the first trimester

• the second trimester

• the third trimester

Multiple Choice

One of the milestones of pregnancy is when a mother feels the fetus kicking. When does this movement first appear?

• The first trimester

• The second trimester

• The third trimester

• Immediately before birth

Multiple Choice

An apple tree is an example of a fruiting plant.

A cross-section of the apple is shown below. From what part of the apple does structure A develop and what is its primary function?

From what part of the apple does structure A develop and what is its primary function?

• It develops from the guard cells and its primary function is glucose storage.

• It develops from the seeds of the tree and its primary function is for reproduction.

• It develops from the flower of the tree and its primary function is for reproduction.

• It develops from the meristematic tissue and its primary function is glucose storage.

Multiple Choice

The graph below shows the relationship between a specific

species of wasp and its correlating plant species.

Utilizing the graph above, determine what will MOST likely happen to the plant population if disease kills all the wasps in a very short period of time?

• The plants will become extinct.

• The plants will grow more slowly.

• The plants will evolve into another species of plant

• The plants will become pollinated by another species.

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Describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the human reproductive system. 

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Describe the process of human development from fertilization to birth and major changes that occur in each trimester of pregnancy.

HUMAN REPRODUCTION (Vocab Words)

• Puberty - sexual maturity

  ◦follows the release of male and female hormones

  ◦production of mature gametes (sperm and eggs)

• Reproduction is sexual

  ◦male sperm combines with the female egg to get a fetus

  ◦Creates offspring with a unique genetic combination

​Let us recall the lesson we had in our Science Class and remember the functions of the female reproductive organ.

Female Reproductive System

• Reproductive system – group of organs required to produce new offspring

Female Reproductive System

Major parts of the female reproductive system

ovaries,

fallopian tubes,

uterus,

cervix, and

vagina

Female Reproductive System

Ovaries – produces egg cells, or ova, and female hormones such as estrogen and progesterone; ovulation (egg maturation) happens here

Uterus – area where the fetus implants and develops when pregnancy occurs

Female Reproductive System

Fallopian tubes – the egg travels to the uterus in this area and may be fertilized here; problem if implantation occurs here

Female Reproductive System

Cervix – bottom of the uterus that opens into the vagina

Vagina – the birth canal that a baby passes through as it is being born 

Multiple Choice

What are the hormones that the ovaries produce?

• Testosterone and estrogen

• Estrogen and FSH

• FSH and LH

• Estrogen and progesterone

Multiple Choice

____________ is also known as the birth canal; the passageway from the uterus to the outside of the body.

• Ovaries

• Uterus

• Fallopian Tubes

• Vagina

Multiple Choice

Which of the following indicates the correct sequence of organs of the female reproductive system from the beginning of oogenesis until the ovum leaves the body?

• ovary, uterus, fallopian tube, vagina

• vagina, fallopian tube, uterus, ovary

• ovary, fallopian tube, uterus, vagina

• uterus, vagina, fallopian tube, ovary

Male Reproductive System

Major parts of the male reproductive system –

1. testes,

2. scrotum,

3. seminal vesicle,

4. prostate gland,

5. vas deferens,

6. urethra,

7. epididymis, and

8. penis

Male Reproductive System

Major parts of the male reproductive system –

1. Testes (testicles) – organs that produce sperm due to testosterone (male hormone)

2. Scrotum – pouch that contains the testicles

3. Epididymis – store sperm during maturation

S.E.T. FOR SPERM

Male Reproductive System

Major parts of the male reproductive system –

4. Prostate gland – produces fluid containing nourishment for sperm

5. Seminal vesicles – secrete fluids containing sucrose for energy needed for sperm

The sperm plus the fluid secretions are known as semen.

Male Reproductive System

Major parts of the male reproductive system –

6. Vas deferens – tube that semen travels through from the epididymis during sexual stimulation

7. Penis – consists mostly of erectile tissue and is used for fertilization

8. Urethra – tube found in the penis which releases both urine from the bladder and semen for reproduction

Male Reproductive System

Remember!

Penis – consists mostly of erectile tissue and is used for fertilization

Urethra – tube found in the penis which releases both urine from the bladder and

  semen for reproduction

​So how babies are fertilized?

​The next video will show how sperm and egg cell unites.

Multiple Choice

Structure 2 is the 

• cervix
• vagina
• uterus
• ovary

Multiple Choice

LETTER a: (hint: tube inside)

• Urethra

• Testicles

• Scrotum

• Penis

How to babies develop month by month? ​

The next video will be all about how the babies are developed.​

The Three Trimesters of Pregnancy

Each 40 week pregnancy is divided into 3 trimesters with a series of events that occur during fetal development and end in birth.

First trimester: 0-12 weeks

Second trimester: 13-27 weeks

Third trimester: 28-40 weeks

First Trimester

• Body structure and organ systems develop.

• The zygote changes to a blastocyst and then an embryo that implants in the uterine wall.

• The spine, cerebral hemispheres, a beating heart, and the digestive tract form.

Second Trimester

• The hair and toenails grow, while eyes and ears move into correct positions.

• The fetus is sucking and swallowing amniotic fluid.

• The gender can be

    determined.

Second Trimester

• Urination occurs and solids appear in the digestive system.

• Senses begin forming

• Teeth, bones, and joints appear.

Second Trimester

• Lanugo (body covering of fine hair) and vernix (waxy covering of skin) form.

• The capillaries begin to carry blood.

• Movement increases and is detected by the mother.

Third Trimester

• Growth continues until a final weight of 6-9 pounds and 19-22 inches is reached.

• The brain can detect signals from senses, light and darkness, and outside sounds; synapses develop between neurons.

• Strong movement is felt by the mother.

Third Trimester

• Body systems mature by 32 weeks except for the lungs, which are complete by birth.

• Fat accumulates, and the vernix and lanugo shed.

• The fetus rotates to a  “head first” position.

Multiple Choice

One of the milestones of pregnancy is when a mother feels the fetus kicking. When does this movement first appear?

• The first trimester

• The second trimester

• The third trimester

• Immediately before birth

Multiple Choice

While a woman is pregnant, she will gain weight throughout the entire nine month period. However, the fetus does not gain weight and increase in length at the same rate during this time. At what point does the fetus change the most dramatically in size?

• the first week of birth

• the first trimester

• the second trimester

• the third trimester