Water Quality EOG Review

Water Quality EOG Review

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Water Quality Factors

• Dissolved Oxygen

• Temperature

• pH

• Turbidity

• Nitrates/Phosphates

• Bioindicators

Dissolved Oxygen

• amount of oxygen dissolved in the water.

• colder water usually has more oxygen.

• when fertilizers and nutrients get in the water, this increases plant grow. This will decrease the amount of oxygen in the water.

• all living things need oxygen to live.

Multiple Choice

Cold water holds more dissolved oxygen than warm water.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is the relationship between temperature and dissolved oxygen in water?

• The higher the temperature, the more dissolved oxygen there is in the water.

• There is no relationship between temperature and dissolved oxygen.

• The lower the temperature, the more dissolved oxygen there is in the water.

• The higher the temperature, the more acidic the water is.

pH

• pH is a measure of the acidity of a solution.

• pH scale ranges from 0-14.

• 0-6 is acidic; 8-14 is basic.

• 7 is neutral and most organisms can only tolerate a pH close to 7.

• Acid rain entering the water can decrease the pH of a stream.

• If the stream becomes too acidic, fish will not be able to survive.

Multiple Choice

Aquatic organisms survive best in water with which pH?

• 0-6 (acidic)

• 6-9 (neutral to slightly basic)

• 9-14 (basic)

Multiple Choice

Which water quality indicator will be most impacted by burning fossil fuels and air pollution?

• nitrates

• pH (water will be more acidic)

• Dissolved oxygen

• turbidity

Turbidity

• Turbidity is the amount of dirt "hanging" in the water.

• If the water is too dirty, there may not be enough light to support plant growth.

• Plant roots help to hold on to the soil and prevent erosion.

• If trees are cut down, there is a greater chance of erosion.

Multiple Choice

High turbidity means.....

• very clear water

• neutral pH

• very murky or cloudy water

• high nitrates

Multiple Choice

Which factor of water quality would excess sediment and debris in the water most affect?

• dissolved oxygen

• pH

• temperature

• turbidity

Nitrates

• Nitrogen is found in soil and is essential for plants to grow.

• Nitrogen can come from over-fertilized croplands, animal waste, and sewage.

• Too much nitrogen can cause an increase in algae growth.

• We know that this leads to less oxygen.

Multiple Select

What can cause too many nitrates getting in the water?

• fertilizers

• sewage

• plants

Multiple Choice

How does increasing nitrates impact stream health?

• excess algae

• increased oxygen

• increased water clarity

Multiple Choice

Why are too many nutrients (like nitrates and phosphates) bad for our waters?

• Nutrients decrease the pH of the water, causing it to become increasingly acidic

• Nutrients change the salinity of the water

• Wetlands filter out runoff that may contain nutrients

• Nutrients in the water cause too much algae growth, which decrease the level of oxygen in the water

Multiple Choice

A body of water showed a high turbidity level, high levels of nitrates and phosphates, a pH of 7.5, and low dissolved oxygen levels. Would this body of water be considered healthy?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

What is the healthiest combination listed?

• low pH, high nitrates, neutral temperature

• low temperature, neutral pH and low nitrates

• as many nitrates as possible, low temp and low pH

• high temp, high nitrates and high pH

Sources of Pollution

• POINT-SOURCE POLLUTION is pollution from one identifiable source, like a broken sewage pipe or leaking oil well

• NON-PONT-SOURCE POLLUTION is pollution from many sources or a source that cannot be identified, like gasoline on a city street or fertilizer runoff from several farms

Multiple Choice

pollutants entering waterways from a general area, such as runoff from farmland or suburban communities

• Pollution

• Point Source Pollution

• Non-point Source Pollution

• Turbidity

Multiple Choice

A factory is located next to a river. The factory has a sewage pipe running straight out of the factory and into the river. This is an example of ________________________.

• point source pollution

• non-point pollution

• tertiary receiving stream

• primary treatment

Water and Wastewater Treatment

• Water treatment plants clean water between its source and your house.

• Wastewater treatment plants clean water that leaves your house before it is piped back to its source.

• In both locations, the water is filtered, and chlorine kills the bacteria and other microorganisms.

Multiple Choice

What are two things that water treatment plants need to do?

• Clean and disinfect the water

• Boil and evaporate the water

• Remove the animals and plants

• Add chemicals and remove pesticides

Multiple Choice

What does chlorination do to the water?

• Removes microorganisms

• Removes sediment

• Makes the water taste good

Water Stewardship

• being a good water steward means that you conserve water and protect its quality

• examples of water stewardship - saving water at home and responsibly disposing of waste

Multiple Select

Select the ways to maintain water quality.

• Choose environmental friendly options for pest control

  and fertilizers.

• Throw garbage on the ground.

• Keep drains clear and unclogged.

• Take all unwanted chemicals, paint, oil to designated collection sites.