Verbals

Verbals

Infinitives

Gerunds

Participles

Infinitive

• An infinitive will always be "to+verb." Do not confuse these for prepositions: "to+noun/pronoun" (to the moon).

• Infinitives can be nouns if they are a subject, object, appositive, or predicate nominative. Nouns can also be replaced by pronouns.

• Infinitives can be adjectives if they follow a noun and describe it.

• Infinitives can be adverbs if they tell us "why," can be moved around, or can include "in order" in front of it.

Infinitive

• An infinitive will always be "to+verb." Do not confuse these for prepositions: "to+noun/pronoun" (to the moon).

• Noun: Gretta wants to eat ice-cream. / Gretta wants this.

• Adjective: The place to buy ice-cream is closed, though.

• Adverb: Gretta went to another town to buy ice-cream. / To buy ice-cream, Gretta went to another town. Gretta went to another town in order to buy ice-cream.

Multiple Choice

Identify the type of infinitive being used:

Gretta asked her friend a question today to understand their plans.

• Noun

• Adjective

• Adverb

Multiple Choice

Identify the type of infinitive being used:

Their plan, to buy twenty pounds of candy, would be a simple one.

• Noun

• Adjective

• Adverb

Multiple Choice

Identify the type of infinitive being used:

The money to buy the candy had been saved up by the girls over the past few weeks.

• Noun

• Adjective

• Adverb

Gerund

• These will appear as verb+ing. They will only ever function as a noun: subject, object, appositive, or predicate nominative. Like infinitive nouns, they can be replaced by pronouns.

• Subject: Eating ice-cream was Gretta's only goal today.

• Object: Gretta loves eating ice-cream.

• Appositive: Gretta's goal, eating ice-cream, gave her a brain freeze.

• Predicate Nominative: Gretta's goal was eating ice-cream.

• This was Gretta's goal today. Gretta loves this. Gretta's goal, this, gave her a brain freeze. Gretta's goal was this.

Multiple Choice

Identify the gerund:

Appearing frustrated, Gretta was running home really quickly because she and her friend were looking for their money, but finding the money proved to be a challenge.

• Appearing frustrated

• Running home really quickly

• Looking for their money

• Finding the money

Multiple Choice

Identify the gerund:

Screaming loudly, Gretta was feeling happy because she found the sparkling coins that they would use to buy twenty pounds of candy. After running quickly, they arrived to the candy store.

• Screaming loudly

• Feeling happy

• Sparkling coins

• Running quickly

Multiple Choice

Identify the gerund:

Gretta and her friend enjoyed eating the candy, but they were becoming sick. Questioning their choices, the girls decided to stop. They will be returning the remaining candy tomorrow.

• Eating the candy

• Becoming sick

• Questioning their choices

• Returning the remaining candy

Participle

• Present Participles are also "verb+ing," but they are adjectives, which means that they cannot be replaced by pronouns. Instead, they must touch a noun and describe it.

• These can also appear in the past tense form.

• Present: The girl eating ice-cream is Gretta.

• Past: The girl with the half-eaten ice-cream cone is Gretta.

• Notice that these cannot be replaced by pronouns: The girl this is Gretta. The girl with the this ice-cream cone is Gretta.

Multiple Choice

Identify the participle:

In the morning, Gretta prepared an overcooked meal to her family, and they did not look happy about eating her food.

• Morning

• Overcooked

• Look

• Eating

Multiple Choice

Identify the participle:

Gretta thought cooking would be easy, but her timing was a mess. Her busted clock steered her in the wrong direction.

• Cooking

• Timing

• Busted

• Steered

Multiple Choice

Identify the participle:

Her family decicided that purchasing breakfast from the restaurant nearby would be a good idea. Sighing softly, Gretta agreed.

• Decided

• Purchasing

• Good

• Sighing

Verbals

• Infinitives (Nouns, Adjectives, Adverbs) [to+verb]

• Gerunds (Noun) [verb+ing]

• Participle (Adjective) [verb+ ing] [verb+past tense conjugation]

Multiple Select

Select the verbals that are present (3):

The manager to talk to about finding your missing shoes is Gretta.

• Noun Infinitive

• Adjective Infinitive

• Adverb Infinitive

• Gerund

• Participle

Multiple Select

Select the verbals that are present (2):

To find her, you can call the overjoyed customer service desk.

• Noun Infinitive

• Adjective Infinitive

• Adverb Infinitive

• Gerund

• Participle

Multiple Select

Select the verbals that are present (2):

Locating your shoes should not be an intimidating task.

• Noun Infinitive

• Adjective Infinitive

• Adverb Infinitive

• Gerund

• Participle

Multiple Select

Select the verbals that are present (2):

Gretta, confused, does not understand how you managed to lose your shoes in the first place.

• Noun Infinitive

• Adjective Infinitive

• Adverb Infinitive

• Gerund

• Participle

Multiple Select

Select the verbals that are present (2):

Nevertheless, getting her help will make this an easier task to complete.

• Noun Infinitive

• Adjective Infinitive

• Adverb Infinitive

• Gerund

• Participle

Verbals

• Infinitives (Nouns, Adjectives, Adverbs) [to+verb]

• Gerunds (Noun) [verb+ing]

• Participle (Adjective) [verb+ ing] [verb+past tense conjugation]