The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System

Works directly and indirectly with the Nervous system to regulate homeostasis in the body

The endocrine system is the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.

What are hormones?

Hormones are produced by glands and sent into the bloodstream to the various tissues in the body. They send signals to those tissues to tell them what they are supposed to do. When the glands do not produce the right amount of hormones, diseases develop that can affect many aspects of life.

Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus is responsible for body temperature, hunger, moods and the release of hormones from other glands; and also controls thirst, sleep and sex drive.  Pituitary: Considered the "master control gland," the pituitary gland controls other glands and makes the hormones that trigger growth.  Parathyroid: This gland controls the amount of calcium in the body.  Pancreas: This gland produces the insulin that helps control blood sugar levels.  Thyroid: The thyroid produces hormones associated with calorie burning and heart rate.

Adrenal: Adrenal glands produce the hormones that control sex drive and cortisol, the stress hormone.  Pineal: This gland produces melatonin which affect sleep.  Ovaries: Only in women, the ovaries secrete estrogen, testosterone and progesterone, the female sex hormones.  Testes: Only in men, the testes produce the male sex hormone, testosterone, and produce sperm.

Common Endocrine Diseases

Endocrine disorders are typically grouped into two categories:

Endocrine disease that results when a gland produces too much or too little of an endocrine hormone, called a hormone imbalance. Endocrine disease due to the development of lesions (such as nodules or tumors) in the endocrine system, which may or may not affect hormone levels.

Type 1 Diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes. Osteoporosis. Thyroid Cancer. Addison's Disease. Cushing's Syndrome. Graves' Disease. Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

Endocrine disease Power point assignment

Pick an endocrine disorder and do a 3-5 slide power point outlining its cause, signs, symptoms, cause and treatments. Save it until I give you a submission box in schoology.

Practice

Labeling on the next slide.

Multiple Choice

Cells that have receptors for a particular hormone.

• gland cells

• neurons

• hormones

• target cells

Multiple Choice

As you get dehydrated, your blood becomes thicker and harder to pump. Your kidneys will respond by stopping urine production, sending the water from urine into your bloodstream to thin your blood back to normal level. This is an example of what type of feedback?

• Positive Feedback Response

• Negative Feedback Loop

Multiple Choice

If the calcium in your blood decreases below homeostasis levels, a gland in the brain will sense the decrease and send a chemical message to your bones. Your bones will release calcium into the blood, bringing blood calcium levels back up. This is an example of what type of feedback?

• Positive Feedback Response

• Negative Feedback Loop

Multiple Choice

Negative Feedback Loops:

• amplify processes
• prevent small changes from getting larger
• are initiated during childbirth
• are found only in plants

Multiple Choice

Letter J is pointing to

• Ovaries

• Pineal Gland

• Adrenal

• Testes

Multiple Choice

Letter I is pointing to

• Testes
• Oviducts
• Ovaries
• Adrenals

Multiple Choice

What is gland #3?

• Adrenal Gland
• Pancreas
• Ovaries
• Testes

Multiple Choice

An organ that produces secretions called hormones is known as a :

• chemical
• gland
• hormone
• duct

Multiple Choice

Hormone regulation operates under which type of feedback mechanism?

• positive feedback

• negative feedback

• zero feedback

• Hormones are not regulated

Multiple Choice

The response to stress is called

• Stay or Stray Response

• Fight or Stay Response

• Flee or Stray Response

• Fight or Flight Response

Multiple Choice

The gland that stimulates body metabolism

• Thyroid
• testes
• ovary
• adrenal

Multiple Choice

What structure is this?

• Pancreas

• Thyroid

• Parathyroid

• Adrenal glands

Multiple Choice

What structure(s) shown in the picture above the kidneys?

• Thyroids

• Adrenal glands

• Testes

• Parathyroids

Multiple Choice

Letter E is pointing to

• Thymus

• Pineal Gland

• Adrenal

• Parathyroids

Multiple Choice

Insulin causes

• a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose

• a decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose

• an increase in the production of glucose from glycogen

• a release of adrenaline into the body

Multiple Choice

What does melatonin do?

• Raises our blood sugar

• Regulates our blood pressure

• Regulates our metabolism

• Regulates our sleep cycle

Multiple Choice

Which gland secretes insulin?

• Pancreas

• Ovaries

• Pituitary

• Thymus

Multiple Choice

The "master gland" of the endocrine system, a gland that controls many body activities.

• hormone

• pituitary gland

• hypothalamus

• adrenal gland

Multiple Choice

The chemical product of an endocrine gland.

• Homeostasis

• Hormone

• Nerve Cell

• Neurotransmitter

Multiple Choice

The process by which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external environment.

• Positive Feedback

• Negative Feedback

• Homeostasis

• Targeted Cells

Multiple Choice

This part of the brain that links the nervous system and the endocrine system.

• Pancreas

• Hypothalamus

• Pituitary gland

• Pineal gland

Multiple Choice

The purpose of the endocrine system is to

• maintain homeostasis by reacting quickly to stimuli

• produce substances that protect the body from bacteria

• maintain metabolism, growth and development in homeostasis

• transport molecules throughout the body

Multiple Choice

What is the endocrine system?

• senses the hormone levels in the blood
• controls all other endocrine glands
• A group of glands that work together with the nervous system to coordinate all body functions
• decreases bone calcium levels

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are symptoms of diabetes?

• blurred vision
• fatigue
• dizziness
• all of these are symptoms.

Multiple Choice

What is high blood pressure called?

• Hyperglycemia
• Hypoglycemia

Multiple Choice

What is low blood sugar called?

• Hypoglycemia
• Hyperglycemia

Multiple Choice

The most common type of diabetes is

• Type 1 diabetes
• Juvenile diabetes
• Type 2 diabetes

Multiple Choice

Insulin

• lowers your blood sugar levels
• blocks the sugar in your bloodstream from doing what it is supposed to do
• gives you diabetes

Multiple Choice

In Type 2 Diabetes...

• cells become resistant to insulin, pills are given to increase the sensitivity 
• insulin is always the first intervention
• patients are often underweight and undernourished
• diagnosis is usually before adolescence

Multiple Choice

What  are the (2) main forms of Diabetes??

• HHNKS & hypoglycemia
• Type 1 & Type 2
• NIDDM & IDDM
• Hyperglycemia

Multiple Choice

What is the function of insulin?

• diagnose diabetes

• turn glucose into energy

• help glucose enter the cells of the body

• all choices

Multiple Choice

The organ responsible for producing both insulin and glucagon is...

• Liver
• Heart
• Pancreas
• Gallbladder

Multiple Choice

diabetes is a disease that affects your body's ability to produce or use ___.

• energy
• insulin
• oil

Multiple Choice

how can you prevent Diabetes from happening?

• Eat a lot of fast foods

• exercise

• Eat a lot of candy

• Drink a lot of soda

Multiple Choice

Type of diabetes characterized by insulin resistance

• Type I

• Type II

Multiple Choice

No insulin is produced

• Type 1
• Type 2

Multiple Choice

What might happen if your body couldn't process glucose?

• You wouldn't be able to digest food

• You wouldn't have the energy to function

• You would become more likely to catch diseases

• You would constantly be thirsty for water