Animal physiology

Animal physiology 1

Respiratory and digestive system

Breathing and gas exchange

• air going in and coming out of the body

• mechanical actions

• gas exchange at the cellular level

• smoking and its consequences

Key terms:

• breathing vs. respiration

• thorax, ribcage, diaphragm, intercostal muscles

• trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

• pleural membrane, pleural cavity, pleural fluid

• emphysema, lung cancer, carbon monoxide poisoning, COPD

Multiple Choice

Carboxyhaemoglobin is formed when

• there's a lot of carbon dioxide in blood

• there's less oxygen in blood

• carbon monoxide is inhaled and it combined with haemoglobin

• carbon dioxide is inhaled and it combines with haemoglobin

Multiple Choice

COPD stands for

• coronary obstructive pulmonary disease

• cardiac obstructive primary disease

• cardiac obstructive pulmonary disease

• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Multiple Choice

Smoking can be avoided by using techniques like

• vaping

• e-cigarettes

• acupuncture/hypnotism

• nicotine patches

• all of these

Multiple Choice

Alveolus has cell walls.

• true

• false

Food and digestion

• balanced diet-food groups

• food tests

• process of digestion-the digestive system

Key terms:

• Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals, vitamins, dietary fibre and water

• mono, di, polysaccharides

• cholesterol, saturated, unsaturated fats

• peristalsis

• parts of small and large intestines

• glands, enzymes of digestion

Multiple Choice

Lacteal is a tube that is part of our

• digestive system

• endocrine system

• exocrine system

• lymphatic system

Multiple Choice

A ring of muscles holds the food in stomach until it is ready to enter small intestine. These muscles are called

• cartilage rings

• sphincter muscles

• tough muscles

• loose muscles

Multiple Choice

Pepsin is a protease; which means that

• it is a hormone which initiates digestion

• it is an enzyme that helps digest proteins

• it is a juice that protects us from bacteria

Multiple Choice

Maltase converts

• starch to maltose

• maltose to glucose

• maltose to sucrose

• glucose to maltose

Multiple Choice

Biuret test is used to test for

• lipids

• proteins

• carbohydrates

• fats