Core 3.3 Iron and steel industry in China

Core 3.3 Iron and steel industry in China

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In this unit, we are going to study

• the development of iron and steel industry in China;

• the changes in the location of iron and steel industry and

• the reasons (locational factors) that have caused the change

How to produce steel?

What are the inputs (raw materials), processes and outputs?

What are the characteristics of iron and steel industry?

Open Ended

What do we need to make steel? [What are the raw materials used?]

Multiple Choice

What are the characteristics of traditional iron and steel industry?

• Heavy

• Light

Multiple Choice

What are the characteristics of traditional iron and steel industry?

• Capital-intensive

• Labour-intensive

Multiple Select

What are the characteristics of traditional iron and steel industry?

• market-oriented

• power-oriented

• raw material-oriented

China is the world's top steel consumer as well. (2016)

When was the development of iron and steel started? And where was it started to develop?

Mark the location of Anshan on Figure 3. What are the favourable location factors [locational advantages]?

Rich in iron ore and coal

• They are important (raw materials and power resources) for iron and steel making.

• Iron and steel industry is power and raw material oriented.

• Locate close to them can save transport cost (also During steel production, RMs lose a lot of weight.)

Mark the location of Anshan on Figure 1. What is the favourable location factor [locational advantage]?

Gentle relief

• Supply of large flatland

• favours the development of gigantic steelworks which involve large machinery in production

  
  

Do you know who built the railway network before 1950?

Historic factor [long history of development]

• Early steelworks were developed under Russian (Russia) and Japanese (Japan) occupation.

Large market and supply of labour

• Large demand from heavy industries, e.g. shipbuilding which were concentrated in the NE.

• Abundant supply of labour since coastal cities are more densely populated.

MCQ and DBQ practice

Textbook + past paper

Multiple Choice

MCQ textbook p.47 Q1

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

MCQ p.1 2003 HKCEE Q43

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

MCQ p.8 PP HKDSE Q17

• A

• B

• C

• D

Open Ended

p.23 2016 HKDSE Qai.

Describe the locational advantages of iron and steel plant A. (4 marks)

Suggested answers

• coastal location

• easy for import and export

• more flatland / most land is below 200m

• close to iron ore / raw materials / coal

• near to railway / highway / convenient transport can lower transport cost

• long history of development

Stage 2: from early 1950s to late 1970s

Where were the iron and steel centres developed? Why were they there? What location factors have changed?

The maps above show the (spatial) distribution of I&S industry in China. What changes can you identify?

1. The no. of I&S works increased.

2. The I&S works shift from mainly in the NE to central and western China. (Inland)

notes p.13

Multiple Choice

Refer to Figures 1 to 3.

Which figure best explain the relocation / new establishment of iron and steel industry in Baotou and Urumqi?

• Figure 1

• Figure 2

• Figure 3

Economic reason:

Development of industries in interior parts utilize these resources and save transport cost

Government policy is a particularly important location factor in China not only in this period but also in the later period. 

Do you know why?

It is because the economy in China is

state-planned.

Most iron and steel works are

state-owned.

Multiple Choice

The iron and steel works shift ...... in 1980s to early 2000.

• further inland

• towards to coast

• towards the south

Multiple Choice

With the advancement of technology, how does it affect the importance of the following factors in the production of iron and steel?

1. Power resources

• increase

• decrease

Multiple Choice

With the advancement of technology, how does it affect the importance of the following factors in the production of iron and steel?

1. Power resources (decreases)

2. Raw materials

• increase

• decrease

Multiple Choice

With the advancement of technology, how does it affect the importance of the following factors in the production of iron and steel?

1. Power resources (decreases)

2. Raw materials (decreases)

3. market

• increase

• decrease

​Which Figure (1, 2 or 3) can be used to explain the relocation?

Multiple Choice

____________ can be used to explain the inland shift of iron and steel industry since 2000s.

• Figure 1

• Figure 2

• Figure 3

Word Cloud

What are some environmental pollution problems caused by iron and steel industry?

Multiple Choice

P.10 DSE 2014 Q19

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.2 CE 2005 Q40

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.3 CE 2006 Q40

• A

• B

• C

• D

​Is it possible to attract labour from the East to the West?

Multiple Choice

P.1 2003 CE Q43

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.1 2004 CE Q52

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.2 2005 CE Q39

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.3 2006 CE Q38

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.3 2006 CE Q43

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.3 2007 CE Q25

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.4 2007 CE Q26

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.4 2008 CE Q31

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.5 2008 CE Q41

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.5 2009 CE Q31

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.6 2009 CE Q39

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.7 SP DSE Q13

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.8 PP DSE Q17

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

P.13 2019 DSE Q12

• A

• B

• C

• D

Login google classroom and complete the task

Is there industrial inertia in the iron and steel industry in China?

[refer to the maps on p.13-14, from stage 1 to 3]

HW

2016 DSE past paper p.23

[write your answer on the exercise book, do not copy from marking scheme]

Multiple Choice

Textbook p.47 MCQ 2

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past paper P.7 DSE SAMLE PAPER Q13

• A

• B

• C

• D

Open Ended

p.24 2020 HKDSE Qa.

Describe and explain the location of iron and steel plant at Urumqi. (3 marks)

Suggested Answers

• Description of location: Located in the NW / interior / inland area of China

• Explanation: abundant raw materials nearby

• Explanation: railway transport linked to the market / eastern coastal cities

Open Ended

p.23 2016 HKDSE Qaii.

Account for the constraints (limitations) on the development of iron and steel plant B. (2 marks)

Suggested Answer

• located in the southwestern part of China / interior location / remote location / inaccessible

• high altitude / most land between 1000m and 1600m which is unfavourable for transport

• rugged relief, lack of flatland for development

Open Ended

p.23 2016 HKDSE Qaiii.

So what are the reasons for the development of iron and steel plant B after the 2nd 5 year plan? (2 marks)

Suggested Answers

• the development was driven by government policy

• lowering the risk of iron and steel plants being attached / strategic consideration

• better utilization of raw materials

• balancing economic development / population distribution

• raising living standard / increasing job opportunities

Open Ended

What are the advantages of using scarp iron? (Any economic benefit? Social benefit? Environmental benefit?)

Past paper MCQs

Multiple Choice

Past Paper

p.1 2004 CE Q52

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past Paper

p.2 2005 CE Q39

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past Paper

p.3 2006 CE Q38

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past Paper

p.3 2007 CE Q25

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past Paper

p.5 2008 CE Q41

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past Paper

p.5 2009 CE Q31

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past Paper

p.9 2012 DSE Q17

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past Paper

p.13 2019 DSE Q12

• A

• B

• C

• D

Problems of inland

Multiple Choice

Past paper

p.2 2005 CE Q40

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past paper

p.3 2006 CE Q40

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past paper

p.10 2014 DSE Q19

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

Past paper

p.10 2014 DSE Q19

• A

• B

• C

• D