gerund and infinitives

gerunds and infinitives

by Michał Świderski

​Gerund jest, najprościej mówiąc, czasownikiem zakończonym na -ing i stosujemy go w następujących sytuacjach:

• ​Jako podmiot w zdaniu – Applying for a job can be hard for some people.

• ​Po niektórych czasownikach ( należy je zapamiętać☺) – enjoy, avoid, can't stand, look forward to , hate, like, love, finish , prefer, don’t mind, miss, prefer, spend time. - They enjoy playing board games.

• ​Po przyimkach – I am keen on playing basketball.

Multiple Choice

I'm shy and I don't enjoy ... in public.

• sing

• to sing

• singing

Infinitive jest to forma bezokolicznika z TO, którą stosujemy:

• ​Po niektórych czasownikach ( tutaj też należy je zapamiętać☺) – want, would like, would prefer, need, arrange, can’t afford, learn, hope, decide, agree. – What did you learn to do when you were little?

• ​Po przymiotnikach – I am very happy to see you all today ☺.

Multiple Choice

I would like ... with Mary next Friday.

• go out

• to go out

• going out

Po niektórych czasownikach a przed bezokolicznikiem musimy wstawić dopełnienie (osobę):

• enable sb to do, advise sb to do, allow sb to do, encourage sb to do, remind sb to do

Multiple Choice

My father advised ____ Warsaw University.

• to attend

• me to attend

• attending

Infinitive może występować także bez TO, po następujących czasownikach:

• wielu czasownikach modalnych: must, can, could, should, would - You should hand in your assignment on time! ​

• make - I like him because he makes me laugh.

• ​let - My parents never let me hang out with friends on weekdays.

Multiple Choice

All passengers must ... seat belts.

• wear

• to wear

• wearing

Match

Match the types of verbs.

• verb + ing

• verb + to + infinitive

• verb + object + to + infinitive

be keen on

refuse

allow

• be keen on

• refuse

• allow

Multiple Choice

Adam can't stand ...

• iron

• to iron

• ironing

Multiple Choice

You should ... your father.

• obey

• to obey

• obeying

Multiple Choice

I love ... out to restaurants.

• go

• to go

• going

Reorder

Paul ... picture taken.

• hates

• having

• his

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Multiple Choice

Bessy can't afford ... a new car.

• buy

• to buy

• buying

Dropdown

Young children enjoy ... around the house.

Select answer

Reorder

I need ... with the cooking.

• you

• to help

• me

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Dropdown

No one really knows why he agreed ... the film.

Select answer

Multiple Choice

Sheila’s interested in ... her own business.

• start

• to start

• starting

Multiple Choice

I can't ... you anymore.

• help

• to help

• helping

Reorder

Betty's parents encouraged ___ the army.

• her

• to

• join

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Multiple Choice

You should avoid ... in the first half of the year.

• over-spend

• to over-spend

• over-spending

Multiple Choice

Did you mind ... away from home for so long?

• be

• to be

• being

Drag and Drop

How do you manage ... so slim?

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

to stay

stay

staying

Multiple Choice

Ben knew he would miss ... with Sabrina.

• work

• to work

• working

Multiple Choice

It’s important ... the procedure to the patient.

• explain

• to explain

• explaining