Solutions: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

Solutions: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

by Temeka Davis

​DEFINITIONS

• ​Matter - anything and everything!

• ​Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space

• ​A SUBSTANCE is a single compound that is pure.

• A substance can't be broken down into simpler parts and physical changes won't alter its composition

Water will still be the SUBSTANCE H20 no matter what state it is in.

What are the simplest substances?​

​ELEMENTS

Multiple Choice

Define "substance".

• 2 or more elements that are chemically combined.

• A basic particle from which all elements are made.

• Anything that takes up mass and space.

• A single compound that cannot be broken down into simpler parts.

What is a pure substance made of 2 or more elements chemically combined?​

​COMPOUND

Multiple Choice

Substances can be identified by which two things: chemical properties and physical properties (TRUE OR FALSE)

• True

• False

What is made of different substances mixed together that are NOT chemically bonded?

MIXTURE

Multiple Choice

What are t he two types of MIXTURES that you will find:

• Solute

  and

  Solvent

• Heterogeneous

  and 

  Homogenous

• Physical

  and 

  Chemical

• Compounds

  and

  Elements

A mixture where the substances are NOT

evenly mixed is what type of mixture?​

Heterogeneous mixture

A mixture where the substances are

evenly mixed is what type of mixture?​

Homogeneous mixture

Sometimes homogeneous mixtures are called?​

Solutions

​Solutions

​Homogenous mixtures are called solutions.

​

​A SOLUTION is made up of a SOLUTE and a SOLVENT.

​solute + solvent = solution

​

​The solute is the substance that gets dissolved, and the solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute.

Multiple Select

Which things are true about a SOLUTION:

• It is a homogenous mixture

• It is made up of only the solute base.

• It is a heterogenous mixture.

• It is made up of a solute and a solvent.

​What is an ACIDIC solution?

​An acid is a substance that increases the concentration of HYDRONIUM IONS when added to water.

​

​ACIDS are

• ​sour

• ​sticky

• ​have a pH less than 7

Multiple Select

How do you know if a solution is an ACID?

• It will feel sticky and and taste sour

• Solutions cannot be acidic

• It will have a pH greater than 7

• It will have a pH less than 7

​What is a BASIC solution?

​A base is any substance that when it is in water is very slippery to the touch, it tastes bitter, and changes the color of indicators.

​

​A BASE is identified by:

• ​bitter

• ​odorless

• ​slippery

• ​pH is greater than 7

Multiple Choice

How do you know if a solution is a BASE?

• The solution will be sour and sticky

• The pH will be greater than 7

• The pH will be less than 7

• Solutions cannot be a base

Multiple Select

Select all of the things that tell you a solution is a BASE:

• It will be sticky and sour

• It will be odorless

• It will be bitter 

• It will feel slippery to the touch

• It will smell strong and pungent

​What affects the rate a solute dissolves?

​Temperature --> affects solids and gases

​

Pressure --> only affects gases

​

Surface area --> smaller pieces will dissolve faster

​

Agitation --> stirring helps speed up because it distributes solute among the solvent

​Do you know the difference?

BASES​

• Milk

• ​Soaps

• ​Laundry detergent

​

​ACIDS

• Lemon juices

• ​Gasolines

• ​car batteries

Multiple Choice

What does it mean to have a homogenous solution?

• The solution has physical properties but not chemical ones.

• The solute and the solvent are mixed evenly.

• The solute and the solvent are not evenly mixed.

• The solution has chemical properties but not physical ones.

Multiple Choice

Select the 4 things that can possibly affect the rate a solute dissolves:

• 1. Chemical Properties

  2. Physical Properties

  3. Compounds

  4. Mixtures

• 1. Pressure

  2. Temperature

  3. Surface Area

  4. Agitation

• 1. Matter

  2. Elements

  3. Atoms

  4. Compounds

• 1. Solution

  2. aqueous solution

  3. solute

  4. Solvent

Multiple Choice

Temperature affects the rate a solute dissolves in which 2 states?

• Solids and gases

• Solids and liquids

• Gases and liquids

• Solids and plasma

Multiple Choice

Pressure affects the rate a solute dissolves in which state only?

• Solids

• Liquids

• Gases

• Plasma

Multiple Choice

How does surface area affect the rate a solute dissolves?

• Because bigger pieces will dissolve faster.

• Because smaller pieces will dissolve slower.

• Because smaller pieces will dissolve faster.

• Surface area does not affect the rate a solute dissolves.

Multiple Choice

How does agitation affect the rate a solute dissolves?

• Stirring helps to slow down the process of dissolving a solute among the solvent

• Stirring helps to speed up the dissolving because it distributes solute among the solvent.

• Stirring doesn't have any effects on dissolving a solute.

• Agitation does not affect the rate a solute dissolves in a solvent.

Multiple Choice

What is an aqueous solution?

• A solute that cannot be dissolved in water.

• A solute that is dissolved in a basic liquid.

• A solute that is dissolved in acid.

• A solute that is dissolved in water.

Multiple Choice

When you have a solute and a solvent - what part of the solution is considered to be the solvent?

• The part of the solution that dissolves the solute.

• The part of the mixture that is heterogenous.

• The part of the solution that is being dissolved.

• The part of the solution that cannot be broken down.

Multiple Choice

When you have a solute and a solvent - what part of the solution is considered to be the solute?

• The part of the solution that dissolves the solute.

• The part of the mixture that is heterogenous.

• The part of the solution that is being dissolved.

• The part of the solution that cannot be broken down.

Multiple Choice

In a solution, the solute is dissolved in a solvent. Which part is the lesser amount?

• They are equal amounts.

• The Solute

• The Solvent

• This does not apply to a solution.

Multiple Choice

In a solution, the solute is dissolved in a solvent. Which part is the greater amount?

• They are equal amounts.

• The Solute

• The Solvent

• This does not apply to a solution.