Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Review

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Review

​Glucose is the main source of energy for living things.

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​Glucose is also known as "blood sugar."

​In addition to being a sugar, glucose is also a carbohydrate.

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​Organisms convert glucose to ATP, which is a fancy term for "energy."

​Anytime you see ATP, think "energy."

​Different organisms get glucose in different ways. Animals get their glucose by eating food. Plants make their own glucose through photosynthesis.

​Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own glucose.

​Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and water as reactants, or ingredients. It also uses solar energy, or sunlight, and makes glucose and oxygen.

​Plants can do photosynthesis because they have organelles called chloroplasts. These chloroplasts are where photosynthesis occurs.

Chloroplasts are found in the leaves of plants. Leaves are organs whose purpose is to conduct photosynthesis.

Multiple Choice

What type of food does a plant make for itself through photosynthesis?

• Pizza

• Glucose (a type of sugar)

• H2O (Water)

• Lactose (a type of sugar)

Multiple Choice

Glucose is the sugar plants make through photosynthesis.

Plants use glucose as their food.

Do human also use glucose?

• No. Glucose is only used by plants.

• Yes. In humans, glucose is known as "food sugar".

• Yes. In humans, glucose is known as "blood sugar".

• No. Humans convert glucose to another type of food.

Multiple Choice

What are the reactants (ingredients) of photosynthesis?

• CO2 + H2O

  (Carbon dioxide and water)

• C6H12O6 + O2

  (Glucose and oxygen)

• H20 + O2

  (Water and oxygen)

• CO2 + O2

  (Carbon dioxide and oxygen)

Multiple Choice

What are the products of photosynthesis?

• CO2 + H2O

  (Carbon dioxide and water)

• C6H12O6 + O2

  (Glucose and oxygen)

• H20 + O2

  (Water and oxygen)

• CO2 + O2

  (Carbon dioxide and oxygen)

Multiple Choice

In addition to carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), what else does a plant need to do photosynthesis?

• Oxygen (O2)

• Sunlight (solar energy)

• Glucose (C6H12O6)

• Soil

Multiple Choice

When you breathe, what are you breathing in?

What are you breathing out?

• You breathe in oxygen (O2).

  You breathe out carbon dioxide (CO2).

• You breathe in carbon dioxide (CO2).

  You breathe out oxygen (O2).

• You breathe in oxygen (O2).

  You breathe out carbon monoxide (CO).

• You breathe in carbon monoxide (CO).

  You breathe out carbon dioxide (CO2).

Multiple Choice

When a plant does photosynthesis, what is it taking in from the air?

What is it releasing to the air?

• It takes in oxygen (O2).

  It releases carbon dioxide (CO2).

• It takes in oxygen (O2).

  It releases carbon monoxide (CO).

• It takes in carbon dioxide (CO2).

  It releases oxygen (O2).

• It takes in carbon monoxide (CO).

  It releases carbon dioxide (CO2).

Multiple Choice

Which one of these organelles makes food for the plant through photosynthesis?

• Vacuole

• Nucleus

• Cell Wall

• Chloroplast

Multiple Choice

Which one of these organelles stores food and water for the plant and provides internal support?

• Vacuole

• Nucleus

• Cell Wall

• Chloroplast

Open Ended

What is the purpose of photosynthesis?

​Once an organism has glucose, it must convert that glucose into energy (ATP).

The process of converting glucose to energy (ATP) is called "cellular respiration."

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Cellular respiration is a scientific term for "cell breathing". In cellular respiration, cells are taking in oxygen and using the oxygen to make energy from glucose.

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Cellular respiration takes glucose and uses oxygen to convert the glucose to energy (ATP).

Cellular respiration also releases carbon dioxide and water as products. This is why you breathe out carbon dioxide and water vapor.

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Both plants and animals do cellular respiration.

The only difference is how they get their glucose.

Plants get their glucose through photosynthesis. Animals get their glucose by eating food.​

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Cells have organelles called "mitochondria."

The mitochondria is where cellular respiration happens.

Since both plants and animals do cellular respiration, both plant cells and animal cells have mitochondria.

(But only plant cells have chloroplasts).

Mitochondria inside a cell:

Notice that photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposites.

Photosynthesis takes carbon dioxide and water to make glucose and oxygen.

Cellular respiration takes glucose and oxygen to make carbon dioxide and water. (And energy).​

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​Cellular Respiration:

​Photosynthesis:

Multiple Choice

What is the process by which glucose is turned into ATP (energy)?

• Photosynthesis

• Homeostasis

• Cellular Respiration

• Eating

Multiple Choice

Cellular respiration is a scientific term for:

• Cell eating

• Cell breathing

• Photosynthesis

• Cell movement

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

• To use oxygen to turn glucose into ATP (energy).

• To use sunlight to turn ATP (energy) into glucose.

• To use sunlight to produce glucose.

• To absorb moisture from the ground.

Multiple Choice

What are the reactants of cellular respiration?

• CO2 + H2O + ATP

  (Carbon dioxide, water, and energy)

• H20 + O2

  (Water and oxygen)

• C6H12O6 + O2

  (Glucose and oxygen)

• CO2 + O2

  (Carbon dioxide and oxygen)

Multiple Choice

What are the products of cellular respiration?

• CO2 + H2O + ATP

  (Carbon dioxide, water, and energy)

• H20 + O2

  (Water and oxygen)

• C6H12O6 + O2

  (Glucose and oxygen)

• CO2 + O2

  (Carbon dioxide and oxygen)

Multiple Choice

How does cellular respiration relate to photosynthesis?

• Photosynthesis is how a plant makes glucose.

  Cellular respiration turns glucose to energy.

• Photosynthesis is the same as cellular respiration.

• Cellular respiration is how an organism makes glucose.

  Photosynthesis turns glucose to energy.

Multiple Choice

How do the reactants and products of photosynthesis compare to the reactants and products of cellular respiration?

• The reactants and products of photosynthesis are the opposite of the reactants and products of cellular respiration.

• The reactants and products of photosynthesis are the same as the reactants and products of cellular respiration.

• The reactants and products of photosynthesis are unrelated to the reactants and products of cellular respiration.

Multiple Choice

What is the organelle inside a cell that does cellular respiration?

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Vacuole

Multiple Choice

What type of organisms do cellular respiration?

• Both plants and animals do cellular respiration.

• Only plants do cellular respiration.

• Only animals do cellular respiration.

• Neither plants nor animals do cellular respiration.

Multiple Choice

What type of organisms have mitochondria?

• Both plants and animals have mitochondria.

• Only plants have mitochondria.

• Only animals have mitochondria.

• Neither plants nor animals have mitochondria.

Multiple Choice

What type of organisms do photosynthesis?

• Both plants and animals do photosynthesis.

• Only plants do photosynthesis.

• Only animals do photosynthesis.

• Neither plants nor animals do photosynthesis.

Multiple Choice

What type of organisms have chloroplasts?

• Both plants and animals have chloroplasts.

• Only plants have chloroplasts.

• Only animals have chloroplasts.

• Neither plants nor animals have chloroplasts.

Multiple Choice

What is glucose?

• Blood sugar

• A carbohydrate

• The main source of energy for living things

• All of these are correct

Open Ended

What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

​When you eat food, your

​body converts some of

​that food to glucose, which

​is a carbohydrate.

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​The food you eat starts out in the form of four biomolecules. The biomolecules are: carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.

​Biomolecules

​Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are quick energy. The body uses carbohydrates first when it needs energy.

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​Glucose is an example of a carbohydrate. ​Other sugars are also carbohydrates.

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​Carbohydrates help make cell walls in plants stiff and inflexible.

​Foods with many carbohydrates include candy, sports drinks, honey, bread, chips, corn, and potatoes.

​Lipids

​Lipids are also known as fats.

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They can also be waxes and oils.

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​Lipids are used as long-term energy storage and insulation.

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Lipids are also used in cell membranes. They hold the cell membrane together.​

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​Foods with many lipids include cheese, butter, avocado, nuts, meats, and fish.

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA.

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These make up your genetic code, or genome.

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​Your genetic code makes you who you are.

Proteins

​Proteins help build your muscles, tendons, ligaments, hair, skin, and nails.

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They also transport substances across the cell membrane and help the cell communicate with its environment.

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Proteins are made of amino acids.​

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​Foods with many proteins include meat, fish, chicken, nuts, milk, and eggs.

Enzymes

Enzymes are a special type of protein.​

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​Enzymes are a type of protein that catalyze, or speed up, the chemical reactions in your body.

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​The more enzymes you have, the faster your metabolism can be.

​How enzymes work:

Multiple Choice

When you eat food, your body converts some of that food into:

• Glucose

• Cellulose

• Sucrose

• Lactose

Multiple Choice

This biomolecule builds muscles, tendons, and ligaments, as well as hair, skin, and nails. It also transports substances across the cell membrane and helps the cell communicate with its environment.

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

• Protein

Multiple Choice

This biomolecule includes DNA and RNA. These create your genetic code, or genome.

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

• Protein

Multiple Choice

This biomolecule is used for quick energy. It also helps keep a plant cell wall stiff and inflexible.

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

• Protein

Multiple Choice

Enzymes, which catalyze chemical reactions in the body, are a special type of this biomolecule.

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

• Protein

Multiple Choice

This biomolecule is used for long-term energy storage. It also holds cell membranes together.

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

• Protein