Environmental Systems Semester Study Guide

Environmental Systems Semester Study Guide

by Jeffery Groseclose

Multiple Choice

Which type of ecosystem is this?

• Polar Region

• Boreal Forest

• Deep Ocean

• Mountain

Multiple Choice

Which type of ecosystem is this?

• Open Ocean

• Coral Reef

• Lake

• River

Multiple Choice

Which type of ecosystem is humid all year, has 200-1000 cm of rainfall annually, and houses Bengal tigers?

• Tropical Savanna

• Boreal Forest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Desert

Multiple Choice

Which type of ecosystem has zebras and giraffes?

• Desert

• Estuary

• Boreal Forest

• Tropical Savanna

Multiple Choice

Which of the following characteristics does a tropical seasonal forest have?

• Rainfall is seasonal

• 200-1000 cm of rainfall annually

• Hyenas and cheetahs live there

• Cacti and Joshua Trees grow there

Multiple Choice

Which ecosystem would you be most likely to find a cactus in?

• Tundra

• Desert

• Temperate Grassland

• Tropical Savanna

Multiple Choice

Which type of ecosystem is this?

• River

• Lake

• Open Ocean

• Coral Reef

Multiple Choice

Where are intertidal zones found?

• In the middle of the ocean

• Running throughout rivers

• On the coast

• In a Boreal Forest

Multiple Choice

In which ecosystem would you likely find a squirrel on a maple tree?

• Boreal Forest

• Tropical Seasonal Forest

• Temperate Forest

• Wetlands

Multiple Choice

What types of trees are found in boreal forests?

• Spruce and fur trees

• Maple and oak trees

• Tall broad-leaf evergreen leaves

• Joshua trees

Multiple Choice

Which ecosystem has a layer of permafreeze?

• Mountains

• Wetlands

• Tundra

• Estuary

Multiple Choice

Which type of ecosystem has a current that flows in one direction?

• Lakes and Ponds

• Rivers and Streams

• Wetlands

• Tundra

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not considered a true biome because it's characteristics vary so much?

• Open Ocean

• Intertidal Zone

• Mountains

• Temperate Forest

Multiple Choice

Which animals would be found in the grasslands?

• bison and grasshoppers

• zebras and cheetahs

• tigers

• squirrels

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is common of lake and pond ecosystems?

• they are saltwater

• they have a current that flows in one direction

• the water on top is often warmer than the water on the bottom

• they house whales and dolphins

Multiple Choice

Which ecosystem is where saltwater and freshwater meet?

• Open Ocean

• Intertidal Zones

• Wetlands

• Estuary

Multiple Choice

Which ecosystem type includes marshes, swamps, and bogs?

• Wetlands

• Boreal Forest

• Estuary

• Rivers and Streams

Multiple Choice

What is the most common forest ecosystem in Wisconsin?

• Boreal Forest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Temperate Forest

• Tundra (feels like it sometimes)

Multiple Choice

Which type of ecosystem is the large body of water to the East of Wisconsin?

• Pond

• Ocean

• River

• Oh, come on! It's obviously a Lake. #GreatLakes

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of a dichotomous key?

• to find a common ancestor
• to show the evolution of organisms
• to show relationships between organisms
• to identify organisms

Multiple Choice

A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?

• Juniper
• Pine
• Spruce
• Fir

Multiple Choice

What step do we always start with when using dichotomous keys?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

When using a dichotomous key to identify organisms, what do we look at?

• physical features
• weather patterns
• environment
• diet

Multiple Choice

An illustration and a dichotomous key are given. What is the correct classification for this organism?

• Class Insecta
• Order Amblygygi
• Order Araneae
• Order Scorpiones

Multiple Choice

What is the name of bird W?

• Certhidea
• Geospiza
• Camarhynchus
• Platyspiza

Multiple Choice

Is it true that there are cold desert biomes?

• Yes
• NO

Multiple Choice

What is the climate like in the Rainforest?

• dry and cold

• hot and humid (wet)

• cold and humid (wet)

• hot and dry

Multiple Choice

What is the climate like in Death Valley?

• cold and humid (wet)

• hot and humid (wet)

• hot and dry

• cold and dry

Multiple Choice

An animal's color or pattern that helps it blend into its surroundings

• Environment 
• Mimicry
• Camouflage

Multiple Choice

What is an adaptation?

• A feature that helps a plant grow.
• A feature that helps a living thing survive.
• A feature that helps a living thing walk.
• A feature that that helps only animals survive. 

Multiple Choice

Consumers that get energy by eating ONLY plants are called: _____

• herbivores
• omnivores
• carnivores

Multiple Choice

Consumers that eat ONLY animals are ______

• herbivores
• carnivores
• omnivores

Multiple Choice

Consumers that eat BOTH plants and animals are ______

• omnivores
• carnivores
• herbivores

Multiple Choice

These animals digest the waste and remains of dead plants and animals

• scavengers
• decomposers

Multiple Choice

Who is at the bottom of an energy pyramid?

• producer
• organism
• consumer
• soil

Multiple Choice

Some animals move great distances as the seasons change.  What is this called?

• hibernation
• migration
• mimicry
• habitat

Multiple Choice

What is the outermost layer of the Earth?

• Outer core
• Inner core
• Mantle
• Crust

Multiple Choice

What is the thickest layer of the Earth?

• crust
• mantle
• outer core
• inner core

Multiple Choice

What is caused when the tectonic plates slip?

• thunderstorms
• hurricanes
• tornadoes
• earthquakes

Multiple Choice

On which layer can we find the tectonic plates?

• Lithosphere

• Asthenosphere

• Lower Mantle

• Upper Mantle

Multiple Choice

Tsunamis are caused by

• underwater disturbances such as earthquakes, landslides, and volcanoes.

• wind and the gravitational pull of the moon.

Multiple Choice

This is the name for the chain of volcanos around the edge of the Pacific Plate.

• Circle of Fire
• Ring of Lava
• Ring of Fire
• Circle of Magma

Multiple Choice

Why does the volcanic eruption happen ?

• When the pressure on magma chamber inside earth increase and push magma to the surface.

• When it formes by eruption lava and ash.

• when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault.

Multiple Choice

How much of Earth's water is unavailable for humans to consume due to its high salinity? 

• 3%
• 23%
• 77%
• 97%

Multiple Choice

How is freshwater treatment different from wastewater treatment?

• Freshwater contains oils and vitamins needed for health

• wastewater is not treated after use to protect the environment

• Wastewater removes pollution to make potable water

• Wastewater is treated after use to protect the environment

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes how estuaries are positive environment for animals and plants

• They flood regularly destroying organisms' habitat

• They provide a safe hatchery full of nutrients and food

• They dry up each summer stranding organisms in shallow water

• hold high numbers of predators to feed off young organisms

Multiple Choice

How is the intertidal zone different from the open ocean environment?

• Conditions in the intertidal zone remain constant
• The intertidal zone's conditions constantly change
  
• The open ocean is the shallowest zone in the ocean
• the conditions in the open ocean change continually

Multiple Choice

How does mining on the ocean floor negatively affect the surrounding ecosystems?

• High turbidity clog the gills of ocean organisms
  
• Heavy metals in the food chain causing fish to weigh more.
• Increase in suspended solids cover fish make them invisible
• Suspended solids in water blind organisms

Multiple Choice

How does warmer temperature affect plants living in the ecosystem? 

• holds less solids, allowing pants to grow year round
• Holds less gases, making plants to use gas stores in cells
• Holds more oxygen, letting plants conduct photosynthesis
• Holds more solids, blocks sunlight, and stops photosynthesis
  

Multiple Choice

How can a change in the pH of water affect the ecosystem

• Higher pH levels suffocates fish and causes them to die
• Lower pH levels creates a healthier environment for fish
• Change in pH affect which biological &chemical process occur
  
• pH levels changes the temperature of water

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes why an algae bloom forms? 

• Decreased amounts of fish eating on the algae
• Decreas of pollution allow algae absorb gases and grow fast
• High amount of light stimulate photosynthesis to occur
• High amounts of fertilizer from farms/ fast growth of algae
  

Multiple Choice

All the water on, in , and surrounding the earth

• Atmosphere
• Hydrosphere
• Biosphere
• Lithosphere

Multiple Choice

What is underground molten rock?

• Lava

• Magma

• Soil

• Intrusive

Multiple Choice

What is aboveground molten rock?

• Extrusive

• Magma

• Lava

• Sedimentary

Multiple Choice

Limestone is an example of...

• Sedimentary

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

Sandstone is an example of...

• Metamorphic

• Sedimentary

• Igneous

Multiple Choice

Marble is an example of...

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

Pumice is an example of

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

• Sedimentary

Multiple Choice

Basalt is an example of...

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

Shale is an example of...

• Metamorphic

• Sedimentary

• Igneous

Multiple Choice

Coal is an example of...

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

When large rocks are broken down into smaller parts by physical and chemical means

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Both

• Neither

Multiple Choice

What does NOT produce atmospheric carbon dioxide?

• Photosynthesis

• Burning Fossil Fuels

• Animal respiration

• Anything living in the ocean.

Multiple Choice

Combustion is another word for __________.

• Transportation
• Respiration
• Fossil Fuels
• Burning

Multiple Choice

Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?

• water
• nutrients
• air
• fossil fuels

Multiple Choice

The average temperature of the surface of Earth has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which reason best explains this increase in temperature?

• lower levels of ozone in the atmosphere
• lower levels of nitrogen in the atmosphere
• higher levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
• higher levels of oxygen in the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

How is the burning of fossil fuels related to global warming?

• Magic
• Fuels are hot
• Greenhouse effect
• Photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a decomposer?

• Owl
• Fish
• Tree
• Mushroom

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are fossil fuels?

• Coal, water, oil

• Oxygen, coal, oil

• Coal, Oil, Natural Gas

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

How do carbon emissions lead to global warming?

• By trapping the sun's heat in the atmosphere.

• By causing very hot volcanic eruptions.

• Rocks become richer in carbon as time goes by.

• By increasing the amount of carbon in the earth's crust

Multiple Choice

Which of the following have been changed or altered due to climate change ?

• droughts

• flooding

• melting of polar ice caps

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is

• using public transportation and there by reduce the affects of greenhouse gases.

• burning fossil fuels

• texting on cellphones

• eating meat

Multiple Choice

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

• bacteria

• rain

• fungi

• car exhaust

Multiple Choice

The process in which nitrogen circulates and is recycled is called

• The nitrogen cycle

• The carbon cycle

• The water cycle

• The phosphorus cycle

Multiple Choice

Organisms that need nitrogen to survive.

• only plants

• only animals

• only bacteria

• all living things

Multiple Choice

How is nitrogen "fixed" into a usable form for plants?

• Through action of bacteria only

• Through lightning only

• Through action of bacteria and lightning

• Through photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

How do animals get the nitrogen they need?

• From the air they breathe

• From the water they drink

• From the food they eat

• From the sun

Multiple Choice

Gas that makes up 78% of our atmosphere.

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Hydrogen

• Carbon Dioxide

Multiple Choice

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?

• nitrogen composition

• nitrogen fixation

• ammonia

• denitrification

Multiple Choice

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

• Assimilation

• Fixation

• Ammonification

• Denitrification

Multiple Choice

In the nitrogen cycle, what does label A in the diagram represent?

• Gas

• Clouds

• Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

• Nitrogen in the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

Plants and animals need nitrogen to make __________.

• Protein
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Minerals

Multiple Choice

Why is solar energy considered renewable energy?

• It's cheaper than fossil fuels
• The sun's energy would not run out for billions of years
  
• Solar energy recharges batteries
• All of them

Multiple Choice

Renewable energy resources produce less_____________ than fossil fuels.

• pollution

• energy

• wind

• light

Multiple Choice

_____________ power is electricity produced by flowing water.

• Solar 
• Wind 
• Hydroelectric 
• water

Multiple Choice

Wind Energy is...

•  Energy that comes from harnessing the movement of the air
• Energy that comes from the Sun
• A source of renewable energy, such as solar, wind, or geothermal energy
• Fuel from plant material

Multiple Choice

The house illustrated here uses panels on the roof to collect a natural resource and convert it into electricity that can be used.
Which alternative energy source does this house use?

• Water
• Wind
• Solar
• Geothermal

Multiple Choice

Heat transferred from beneath the surface of Earth and used to produce energy for human use is...

• Hydropower
• Wind Energy
• Geothermal Energy
• Solar Energy

Multiple Choice

All of the following are considered renewable energy sources EXCEPT –

• Wind

• Coal

• Biomass

• Solar

Multiple Choice

Oil is a __________ energy resource.

• Renewable
• Nonrenewable

Multiple Choice

What percentage of energy used in the U.S. comes from renewable energy?

• 5%

• 10%

• 50%

• 80%

Multiple Choice

Energy created from wood, peat moss, and manure is called __________________ energy.

• biomass

• geothermal

• natural

• solar

Multiple Choice

Plant materials and animal waste used especially as a source of fuel.

• BIODEGRADABLE

• BIOMASS

• REDUCE

• RECYCLABLE

Multiple Choice

Which type of energy produces Carbon Dioxide, which can be harmful to our planet and cause pollution?

• Solar Energy

• Wind Energy

• Fossil Fuels (Coal, oil, and gas)

• Nuclear Energy

Multiple Choice

Which energy uses water held behind a dam?

• Geothermal
• Hydroelectric
• Nuclear
• Solar

Multiple Choice

What is a disadvantage of wind power?

• We have too many rainy days in US
• It is not always windy in some places
• Companies charge too much to make the wind blow
• The sun is not always out

Multiple Choice

Fossil fuels are considered nonrenewable because they

• do not produce pollution

• are no longer used by humans

• are created so quickly

• take millions of years to form, so once they're gone, they're gone

Multiple Choice

A disadvantage of nuclear energy is that it creates...

• fossil fuels

• hydroelectric

• radioactive waste

• biomass