Units Review UTBK 2

Units Review UTBK 2

Paraphrase & Grammar Review ​

By Sinta Octaviana

Vocabulary Drill

Choose the correct synonyms

Multiple Choice

Laborious

• Radical

• Demanding

• Knowledgeable

• Skilled

Multiple Choice

Degrade

• Inspect

• Flatten

• Descend

• Humiliate

Multiple Choice

Differentiate

• Vary randomly

• create

• disagree

• Identify differences between

Multiple Choice

Catalyst

• Cause a process

• Guarantee

• Ancestor

• Bright Colour

Paraphrase​

CONCEPT CHECKING QUESTIONS

Multiple Choice

Paraphrasing means....

• putting the words of others into your own words

• replacing words with any words

• changing the meaning of phrases, sentences, or paragraphs

Multiple Choice

Choose the sentence that BEST paraphrases this sentence:

A high school student usually has summer reading assignments.

• A high school student always has homework assignments in the summer.

• Usually school aged students have summer reading assignments.

• It is common for students in high school to have summer reading assignments.

Fill in the Blank

In paraphrasing, you CAN change the .....

Fill in the Blank

but you CANNOT change the.....

Paraphrasing Practice

Choose the best answers!

Multiple Choice

The venom of the rattlesnake is injected through fangs which fold back when the mouth is closed. The venom gland is located between each eye, and a duct carries the venom frown the gland to the fang at the front of the jaw on the same side. When venom is squeezed out of the gland by muscles, it enters the fang through an opening at the upper end, and venom is then injected into the prey by an opening near the tip of the fang. The rattlesnake will usually strike its prey with a venomous bite and then retreat until the toxin has had an opportunity to work. The snake will then use its heat sensing ability to find the wounded prey and proceed to swallow its catch.

Which of the following could best restate the underline sentence above?

• Rattlesnakes usually squeeze their prey before poisoning them with their fangs.

• The muscles force the poison out of the gland and through the pointed teeth, after which the tips of the teeth put the poison into the victim.

• The venom comes from the fangs and is squeezed into the muscles of the snake’s prey.

• Rattlesnakes sometimes fight other animals. SO they pee up at their upper end to bite the prey.

• The fang was received poison from the upper teeth and was pushed into the prey

Multiple Choice

Architecture is concerned with the large-scale manipulation of elements in the dimension of length, width, and height. This dimension may apply to a solid, such as the Egyptian pyramids, or to hollow interior spaces, ranging in size and complexity from a domestic room to a vast cathedral. They may also apply to the spaces around and between buildings. Moreover, every building has a physical context in relation to other buildings. Sometimes the designer disregards the context on the assumption that surrounding structures will later be replaced. However, it is more often posterity that destroys the once appropriate original context.

Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?

• Some architects do not like other buildings to be too close to the building they are designing.

• Most buildings eventually have to be replaced, so the physical context is not very important.

• Architects often believe that nearby structures will not always be there, so they ignore them.

• Designer should ignore the assumptions of people who plan to destroy the original context.

Multiple Choice

The cinema did not emerge as a form of mass consumption until its technology evolved from the initial “peepshow” format to the point where images were projected on a screen in a darkened theater. In the peepshow format, a film was viewed through a small opening in a machine that was created for that purpose. Thomas Edison‟s peepshow device, the Kinetoscope, was introduced to the public in 1894. It was designed for use in Kinetoscope parlors, or arcades, which contained only a few individual machines and permitted only one customer to view a short, 50-foot film at any one time. The first Kinetoscope parlors contained five machines.

For the price of 25 cents (or 5 cents per machine), customers moved from machine to machine to watch five different films (or in the case of famous prizefights, successive rounds of a single fights). These Kinetoscope arcades were modeled on phonograph parlors, which had proven successful for Edison several years earlier. In the phonograph parlors, customers listened to recordings through individual ear tubes, moving from one machine to the next to hear different recorded speeches or pieces of music. The Kinetoscope parlors functioned in a similar way. Edison was more interested in the sale of Kinetoscope (for roughly $1,000 a piece) to these parlors than in the films that would be run in them (which cost approximately $10 to $15 each). He refused to develop projection technology, reasoning that if he made and sold projectors, then exhibitors would purchase only one machine-a projector- from his instead of several.

Exhibitors, however, wanted to maximize their profits, which they could do more readily by projecting a handful of films to hundreds of customers at a time (rather than one at a time) and by charging 25 to 50 cents admission. About a year after the opening of the first Kinetoscope parlor in 1894, showmen such as Louis and Auguste Lumiere, Thomas Armat and Charles Francis Jenkins, and Orville and Woodville Latham (with the assistance of Edison‟s former assistant, William Dickson) perfected projection devices. These early projection devices were used in vaudeville theaters, legitimate theaters, local town halls, makeshift storefront theaters, fairgrounds, and amusement parks to show films to a mass audience.

With the advent of projection in 1895-1896, motion pictures became ultimate from of mass consumption. Previously, large audiences had viewed spectacles at the theater, where vaudeville, popular dramas, musical and minstrel shows, classical plays, lectures and slide-and-lantern shows had been presented to several hundred spectators at a time. But the movies differed significantly from these other forms of entertainment, which depended on either live performance or (in the case of the slide-and lantern shows) the active involvement of a master of ceremonies who assembled the final program.

Which of the sentences below best expresses “He refused to develop projection technology, reasoning that if he made and sold projectors, then exhibitors would purchase only one machine-a projector-from his instead of several.”?

• Edison was more interested in developing a variety of machines than in developing technology on only one.

• Edison refused to work on projection technology because he did not think exhibitors would replace their projectors with newer machines.

• Edison did not want to develop projection technology because it limited the number of machines he should sell.

• Edison did not want to develop projection technology because he could not sell it to exhibitions.

• Edison would not develop projection technology unless exhibitors agreed to purchase more than one projector from him.

Multiple Choice

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle requires persistence and dedication, but not without reward. Regular exercise, not smoking, limited alcohol consumption, adequate sleep and a balanced diet are all aspects of a healthy lifestyle. In general, a healthy life style benefits people in various ways.

According to a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, practicing a healthy lifestyle makes your risk of premature death 66 percent less likely from cancer, 65  percent less likely from cardiovascular disease and 57 percent less likely from other causes. The four healthy lifestyle factors studied include limited alcohol consumption, avoiding tobacco, improved nutrition and regular physical activity. Apart from consuming more whole and fresh foods, you should avoid foods, every individual should avoid foods with large amounts of sodium, trans fats, saturated fats, added sugars, and processed grains.

In addition, it is no secret that a healthy lifestyle can help us shed pounds and look more youthful, but it goes beyond weight loss. For example, staying hydrated and getting adequate sleep can reduce the appearance of under-eye bags. Limiting alcohol intake reduces its aging effects on your skin and eyes, as does avoiding tobacco. Proper nutrition from a balanced diet also supplies your body with the nutrients it needs for healthy and lustrous hair, bright eyes, taught skin and an overall glow.

According to MayoClinic.com, physical activity triggers the release of brain chemicals that can make you feel relaxed and happier. This emotional boost can help your outlook about your appearance and improve your self-confidence. Besides, the mood-enhancing chemicals released by physical activity can help us face the troubles of a stressful day with a calmer mindset. Furthermore, exercising regularly makes our body stronger and improves its endurance. Physical activity also conditions our more energy to do everyday tasks. A balanced diet, limited alcohol consumption, and proper hydration also aid in increased energy levels, according to Harvard Healthy Publications. Limiting alcohol consumption also promotes a better mood.

(Diadaptasi dari http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/effects-healthy-lifestyle-7740.html)

“This emotional boost can help your outlook about your appearance and improve your self-confidence.”

The sentence can be restated as ... .

• people's physical dan confidential aspect can be elevated by the  emotional urge.

• one's emotional appearance can be improved by the increasing of self- esteem.

• people's physical dan confidential aspect might help to boost one‟s outlook and emotion.

• boosting one's emotional state can improve his or her appearance and self- confidence.

• helping someone's improving his or  her outlook will impact on her emotional urge.

Multiple Choice

The perceived scale of the Amazon blazes received global attention this summer. However, the international concerns raised at the time were countered by the Brazilian Government, which claimed the fire situation in August was 'normal' and 'below the historical average'. An international team of scientists writing in the journal Global Change Biology said the number of active fires in August 2019 was actually three times higher than in 2018 and the highest number since 2010.

Although fires in the Amazon can occur in a number of ways, the scientists show that there is strong evidence to link this year's increases to deforestation. They have used evidence collected from the Brazilian Government's DETER-b deforestation detection system. This shows that deforestation in July this year was almost four times the average from the same period in the previous three years. This is important as deforestation is almost always followed by fire. Professor Jos Barlow, lead author of the paper said: "The marked upturn in both active fire counts, and deforestation in 2019, therefore, refutes suggestions by the Brazilian Government that August 2019 was a normal fire month in the Amazon."

August's blazes occurred at a time without a strong drought. Droughts can provide conditions favorable to the spreading of human-made fires. The scientists also show that the 'enormous' smoke plumes that reached high into the atmosphere, which were captured by media footage of the blazes, could only have been caused by the combustion of large amounts of biomass. The researchers acknowledge that the number of active fires decreased in September by 35 per cent. Though they say    it is not clear whether that fall is due to rains or President Bolsonaro's two-month moratoria on fires.

Images from DETER-b show that deforestation continued at a rate well above the average in September, despite the President's moratoria. The extent of August's fires is unclear. Although the numbers of fires are counted, their extent is not, the researchers acknowledge in their paper 'Clarifying Amazonia's burning crisis'. Dr Erika Berenguer, a Brazilian researcher jointly affiliated with Lancaster University and the University of Oxford, said: "Our paper clearly shows that without tackling deforestation, we will continue to see the largest rainforest in the world being turned to ashes.”

Brazil has, for the past decade, been an environmental leader, showing to the world that it can successfully reduce deforestation. It is both economically and environmentally unwise to revert this trend.

The sentence “Although fires in the Amazon can occur in a number of ways, the scientists show that there is strong evidence to link this year's increases to deforestation." (Paragraph 2) can be best restated as ...

• The researchers show inconclusive findings that this year’s deforestation in the Amazon was due    to deforestation.

• Although there were many other possibilities, the scientists show disputable data that the  increasing number of forest fires this year in the Amazon were caused by deforestation.

• The researchers show conclusive proof that the increasing number of this year’s fires in  the Amazon, in spite of many other possibilities, was associated to deforestation.

• In spite of many other possibilities, the scientists believe that the increasing number of  deforestation in the Amazon this year was due to forest fires.

• Although fires in the Amazon can occur in many ways, the scientists surprisingly found out that forest fires happened in the Amazon this year were associated with deforestation.

Open Ended

Mentions things you should consider and do when answer questions related to restatement or paraphrasing!

Grammar Review

Tenses

Clauses

Subject-verb agreement​

Grammar Checking

Choose the best answer

​

Multiple Choice

Laura has just finished cooking dinner.

• Present Simple

• Present perfect

• Present Continuous

• Present Perfect Continuous

Multiple Choice

 

Harry ---- his friends that night so he ---- his parents he was going to be late.

The sentence is missing the....

• Subjects

• Predicates

• Objects

• Adverbs

Multiple Choice

 

Nobody knows ---- motivated him to change his mind about not going to school.

The sentence needs a...

• Subject

• Object

• Verb

• Connector

Grammar Practice

Choose the best option

Multiple Choice

I always go to school by bus. However, this week _____ by car with my dad.

• I go

• I'm going to go

• I'll go

• I've gone

Multiple Choice

 A: Why are you turning on the TV?

B: I _____ news.

• want watch

• will watch

• am going to watch

• watch

Multiple Choice

Last year I went to Spain, it was my first time there...

• I never been before to Spain.

• I had never been to Spain before.

• I didn't be in Spain before.

• I had never been before to Spain

Multiple Choice

Before asking ---- people to share their secrets with you, share some of ---- with them.

• other / yours

• some others / yours

• the others / you

• the other / you

• others / yours

Multiple Choice

 

I am excited to see all the historical structures ---- by the Roman Empire.

• building

• built

• having built

• to build

• to have built

Multiple Choice

CONCEPT CHECKING

A sentence with two clauses has a subject and two predicates.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

 I have seen businesses moving out of the country ---- avoid paying taxes.

• in case

• so as to

• however

• in view of

• although

Multiple Choice

 

The new movie performed very poorly ---- the low ratings it has received by the viewers.

• due to

• despite

• because

• since

• however

Multiple Choice

I am actually working on call this weekend, ---- I would definitely go fishing with you.

• opposite

• otherwise

• except for

• likewise

Multiple Choice

 

Every time we go there, we take a lot of pictures ---- we take a drive along the beach to see the surfers.

• so that

• whereas

• as

• even if

• whether

Multiple Select

CONCEPT CHECKING

Choose the coordinating conjunctions!

• But

• And

• Or

• So

• Whether

Multiple Select

CONCEPT CHECKING

Choose the causality conjunctions!

• so

• as

• due to

• if

• since

Open Ended

Mention the things we must consider in answering questions about grammar!

End of discussion!

Open Ended

Summarize today's lesson!