Native Americans of the North, South, East and West

Native Americans of the North, South, East and West

By Lindsay Garrone

Climate, geography, homes, food, tools, rituals and art.​

People of the Northwest

Geography & Climate:

• ​​Mountains, rivers, coasts and evergreen forests.

• Mild temperatures all year.

• Steady rainfall all year​.

​

​Homes:

• Longhouses - up to 50 ft.

• Made of planks of wood.

• Multiple families in each house.​

​People of the Northwest

​

Multiple Choice

The climate of this region was...

• Hot and dry

• Hot and humid

• Mild temp. year round

• Cold and dry all the time

Food:

• They were hunters, gatherers​ & fishermen.

• ​They did not need to farm because there was plenty of food available to them.

• They hunted - deer, elk & rabbits.

• They gathered - berries

• They fished - Salmon in the rivers & seals and whales from the ocean.​​

​People of the Northwest

​

Multiple Choice

True or False: Because of the climate, the people of this region did not need to farm to grow their food. They could hunt, gather and fish all of the food they needed.

• True

• False

Tools & Utensils

• They made 'dugouts' or canoes out of cedar wood.

• They made baskets for gathering food.

• ​They made nets and weirs (wooden traps) for fishing.

• They also used spears or harpoons to fish large sea mammals (seals and whales).​

​People of the Northwest

​

Multiple Choice

True of False: A dugout was a place where the Native people went during their baseball games.

• True

• False

Rituals & Beliefs:

• They believed a medicine man, called a shaman, could control spirits and heal the sick.

• Potlatches:

  • Large dinner parties to celebrate important events.

  • They lasted several days.

  • They host gave gifts to share and show off their wealth.

  • They burned gifts as well.

​People of the Northwest

​

Multiple Choice

What was a main purpose of the potlatches?

• The say goodbye to dead members of the tribe.

• Parties to celebrate major events.

• To ask the gods for a rain and crops.

• To decide who the next leader would be.

Art:

• Totem = A person or families spirit guide

• A totem was usually an animal that symbolized a characteristic or trait such as courage, creativity, wisdom or kindness.

• Totem Pole = A pole carved out of wood placed in front of a home. Different animals carved into the wood told the families story.

​People of the Northwest

​

Multiple Choice

A totem pole told the story of a family through carvings of their totems (spirit guides)

• True

• False

Climate, geography, homes, food, tools, rituals and art.​

People of the Northeastern Woodlands

Geography & Climate:

• ​​Cold winters and hot summers

• Covered in forests and grasslands.

• Many lakes and streams.

• The Appalachian Mountains run through the region.

​

​Homes:

• Wigwams - rounded homes made of bent branches and bark.

• Longhouses - made of wood​

​People of the Eastern Woodlands

​

Multiple Select

What 2 types of homes did the people of the Eastern Woodlands live in?

• Wigwams

• Tepees

• Longhouses

• Mansions

Food:

• They were hunters, gatherers​, and farmers

• ​They hunted - Turkeys, beavers & moose.

• They gathered - berries & roots.

• They farmed - Corn, beans and squash.

  • They called these crops "The 3 Sisters" because they believed they should be grown together.

​People of the Eastern Woodlands

​

Multiple Choice

Why did they believe that corn, squash and beans were "The 3 Sisters"?

• Because they are different versions of the same plant

• Because they are all the same color

• Because they are all vegetables

• Because they should be grown together

Tools & Utensils​

• They made baskets out of birchbark.

• They made tomahawks (a type of axe) out of wood and stone.

​Rituals & Beliefs

• Crying Ceremonies - held after someone died and lasted 5 days.

• Celebrated each new season:

  • Music & dancing.

  • Wore masks or face paint to represent ideas.

​People of the Eastern Woodlands

​

Art:

• Wampum Belts - made by stringing shells together and often told a story in pictures.

• Dream Catcher - protective charms hung near their beds to ward off nightmares.

​People of the Eastern Woodlands

​

Multiple Choice

What did they believe dream catchers did?

• Stole your dreams away

• Helped ward off nightmares

• Prevented your dreams from coming at all

Climate, geography, homes, food, tools, rituals and art.​

People of the SouthEast

Geography & Climate:

• The land was mad up of many forests, coasts, swamps, lakes and mountains.

• Moderate climate with hot summers and mild winters.

• Rich soil, heavy rain and lots of sunshine (good for farming).

​Homes:

• Wattle & Daub - walls & roof

• Chickees - no walls, platform on stilts

​People of the Southeast

​

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between a Wattle & Daub house and Chickees houses?

• Wattle & Daub houses are portable, Chickees are not

• Wattle & Daub houses are on land, Chickees float

• Wattle & Daub houses are larger than Chickees

• Wattle & Daub houses have walls and a roof, Chickees are platforms on stilts without walls

Food:

• They were hunters, gatherers​, fisherman and farmers.

• They hunted - Turkey, deer, rabbits & turtles

• They gathered - wild plants

• They farmed - Corn, beans and squash.

• They fished

​People of the Eastern Woodlands

​

Multiple Choice

How did the people of the Southeastern Woodlands get their food?

• By hunting and fishing only

• By gathering and hunting only

• By hunting, fishing, gathering and farming

• By farming and gathering only

Climate, geography, homes, food, tools, rituals and art.​

People of the SouthwEst

Geography & Climate:

• Canyons, mountains and deserts.

• Some small pine forests

• Hot and dry desert climate.

• Not many natural resources.

• ​Very few trees and rivers.

• They had a lot of droughts (lack of rainfall)​

​Homes:

• Made of adobe bricks (bricks made of sun-dried clay).

​People of the Southeast

​

Multiple Choice

Geography describes the physical features of the land in a certain region. What are some features of the geography of the Southwest Region?

• Rivers, lakes & streams

• Canyons, mountains & deserts

• Grasslands, hills & valleys

• Forests, lakes & mountains

Food:

• One group farmed squash, corn and beans.

• One group hunted and gathered:

  • gathered berries​

  • hunted deer, beaver and turkeys.

    ​

​People of the SouthWest

​

Multiple Choice

What kinds of animals did some people of the Southwest hunt?

• Rabbits & moose

• Turkey, beavers & turkeys

• Fish, clams & lobster