AKS 37 Review

​SSUH.F.37a

explain the impact of the Missouri Compromise on the admission of states from the Louisiana Territory by identifying and writing about issues and/or problems and alternative solutions

US History | AKS 37a

Missouri Compromise

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• Dealt with the Louisiana Territory and the issue of slavery.

• ​In 1819 the U.S. consisted of 11 free and 11 slave states

• ​Missouri applied for statehood as a slave state in 1819; would upset the balance of free & slave states

​Missouri Compromise

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• ​Created by Henry Clay

• He was known as the ​

Multiple Choice

Use the chart to answer the question.

Which title BEST completes the graphic organizer?

• States Rights

• Freedom of Assembly

• Equal Protection under the Law

• Protection of Religious Practice

​SSUH.F.37b

examine James K. Polk's presidency in the fulfillment of Manifest Destiny including the Texas annexation and Oregon using primary and secondary sources (e.g., American Progress by John Gast, John O'Sullivan; including maps)​

US History | AKS 37b

James K. Polk & Manifest Destiny

• 11th President of the United States

• During his presidency, American grew more than 1/3 in size. (33% bigger)

• Believer in Manifest Destiny, which helped lead to his campaign for westward expansion​

• Americans were motivated economically to expand westward, seeking gold and land

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James Polk

• 1840's expansion fever gripped the country

• Americans began to be​lieve their movement westward and southward was destined and ordained by God

• "the belief that the United States' destiny was to expand ​to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory

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Manifest Destiny

• ​Completed in 1845

• US annexed Texas from ​Mexico

• Offered fertile land to Americans

• The Americans in Texas outnumbered the Mexicans, asked for statehood into t​he US

• Polk believed that if the US did not annex Texas, Mexico would declare war

• Polk needed Northerners to approve the Texas annexation so he promised Oregon​

Texas Annexation

• Oregon was controlled by Britain

• Polk threatened to fight Britain if it did not concede all of Oregon to the US

• However, Britain & the US would compromise, dividing the territory into the US states of Oregon, Washington, & Idaho

• Britain kept what would later become the Canadian providence of British Columbia​

• Polk had to compromise​ because he did not want 2 wars, he only wanted to fight the weak Mexico

​Oregon Territory

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Multiple Choice

Which term did Americans use in the 1840s to describe the idea that the United States should possess the entire continent?

• Containment

• Globalization

• Manifest Destiny

• Popular Sovereignty

Multiple Choice

Which of the following BEST describes efforts made by the United States to annex Texas and the Mexican Cession?

• fulfill Manifest Destiny

• end wars of aggression

• remove European threats

• limit the spread of slavery

Multiple Choice

One of James K. Polk's goals as president was to fulfill the Manifest Destiny of the United States. Did he achieve this goal by the end of his term?

• Yes, Polk expanded US territory and the country spread from the Atlantic to the Pacific by the end of his term.

• Yes, Polk expanded US territory to the northern coast of North America by completing the purchase of Alaska.

• No, Polk agreed to cede territory to Mexico in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo after fighting Mexico to a stalemate.

• No, Polk failed to bring an end to the Mexican-American War before the end of his term and the US did not gain territory.

​SSUH.F.37c

​analyze the impact of the Mexican War on growing sectionalism by identifying main idea, detail, sequence of events, and cause and effect

US History | AKS 37c

Mexican War

• The U.S. annexes Texas, causing a boundary dispute with Mexico

• Polk ordered the army into the disputed area where Mexican troops opened fire on the Americans

• Polk then declared war on Mexico, claiming they were the aggressors​

​War with Mexico

• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the war, giving the U.S. a vast amount of land in the Southwest​

• The U.S. now streatched from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oc​ean

• Created tension between Northern & Southern states over the new territory & the issue of slavery​

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​Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

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• Proposed in 1846, that any territory gained from Mexico would not be allowed to have slaves

• The proposal upset Southerners, and though it passed in the House, the Senate refused to vote on it

• The Wilmot Proviso continued a north-south sectionalism divided over the slavery issue​

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​Wilmot Proviso

• California applied for statehood in 1849, threatening to break the balance of free and slave states

• Henry Clay proposed resolution which became known as the Compromise of 1850​

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes efforts made by the United States to annex Texas and the Mexican Cession?

• fulfill Manifest Destiny

• end wars of aggression

• remove European threats

• limit the spread of slavery

Multiple Choice

Use the outline to answer the question.

Which heading BEST completes the partial outline?

• Causes of Sectionalism

• Reasons for the American System

• Successes of Third Political Parties

• Justifications for Economic Reform

​SSUH.F.37d

explain how the Compromise of 1850 arose out of territorial expansion and population growth using charts and diagrams (including maps)

US History | AKS 37d

Compromise of 1850

• ​Though the Compromise initially had little support, it was passed, by dividing it into smaller bills, allowing Congress to vote on each issue separately easing the tension, for the time being, over slavery

• The growing tension of slavery expanding into newly gained lands would further divide the country​

Compromise of 1850

Multiple Choice

In what way did Texas benefit from the Compromise of 1850?

• Texas slave traders were permitted to sell slaves to farmers in Washington, D.C.

• Popular sovereignty was established in the state to settle the question of slavery.

• The state was given the power to divide itself into smaller independent territories.

• Financial aid was offered to Texas if it gave up its claims to the New Mexico Territory.

Multiple Choice

How are the Missouri Compromise (1820), the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) similar?

• They encouraged manufacturing in the territories in the West.

• They ended fighting between midwestern farmers and American Indians.

• They increased the number of people who voted in presidential elections.

• They settled disputes over the spread of slavery to the western territories.

​SSUH.F.37e

evaluate the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the failure of popular sovereignty, Scott v. Stanford, John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry, and the election of 1860 as events leading to the Civil War by organizing the items chronologically and considering cause and effect

US History | AKS 37e

Events leading to the Civil War

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​Signed in 1854, the Act, introduced by Stephen Douglas

• ​repealed the Missouri Compromise

• created the new territories: Kansas and Nebraska

• would allow each territory to decide on the slavery issue by using "popular sovereignty"

• led to the formation of the Republican Party (1854) which supported keeping slavery of the territories​

Kansas-Nebraska Act

• Because Kansas would decide about slavery through popular sovereignty, both the North (antislavery) and the South (pro-slavery) sent thousands of people into Kansas to sway the vote

• Tensions between the two groups led to violence and the destruction of property, including the sacking of Lawrence​

• By the end of 1856, 200 people had been killed in the skirmishes​​

Bleeding Kansas

• Scott was taken by his master into the free state of Illinois, and then later, back into the slave state of Missouri

• With the help of an abolitionist group Scott sued for freedom (1847), claiming that because he had lived in a free state, he should be free​

• The case went to the Supreme Court where in 1857, the Court ruled against Scott​

• Because slaves were not citizens of the U.S., Scott could not sue in Federal Court​

​Dred Scott v. Sanford​

Multiple Choice

Why was the Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) significant?

• It allowed slavery in California.

• It outlawed slavery in the Southern States.

• It upheld the actions of the Underground Railroad.

• It ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories.

• ​John Brown was an abolitionist who used violence against those supporting slavery

• In 1859, he and his followers tried to support a slave uprising in Virginia by seizing a federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry​

• The uprising was quickly put down and after a trial, Brown was executed

• Brown was viewed by many in the North as a martyr for the anti-slavery movement​

​John Brown's Raid (Harper's Ferry)​

Multiple Choice

What similar effect did "Bleeding Kansas," the Dred Scott decision, and John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry have on the Untied States?

• They made sectional compromise more difficult.

• They ended conflict over slavery in the territories.

• They contributed to the formation of the Whig Party.

• They eased tensions between the North and the South.

• ​Abraham Lincoln: (R) Illinois

  • slavery must not be allowed in the territories

• Stephen Douglas: (ND) Illinois

  • popular sovereignty should decide the issue of slavery in the territories when they become slaves ​

• John Bell: (CU) Tennessee

  • the federal government should support slavery & also defend the Union​

• John Breckinridge: (SD) Kentucky​

  • the federal government must protect slavery

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• ​Lincoln did not gain a single vote from the South, Southerners were outraged

• ​As soon as Lincoln's victory was announced, South Carolina seceded from the Union

​Election of 1860

Multiple Choice

Use the quote from the image to answer the question.

When President Lincoln made this speech, which step toward civil war had already taken place?

• The Emancipation Proclamation had been issued

• Union troops had invaded several Southern states

• Several Southern states had seceded from the Union

• General Robert E. Lee had led an attack on Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

Multiple Choice

Use the graphic organizer to answer the question.

Which title BEST completes the graphic organizer?

• States' Rights

• Freedom of Assembly

• Protection of Religious Practice

• Equal Protection Under the Law