reported speech

REPORTED SPEECH

By Suhar Rini

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Pengertian Reported Speech

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Reported speech merupakan perubahan suatu kalimat langsung atau direct speech menjadi kalimat tidak langsung atau indirect speech. Reported speech sendiri biasanya digunakan untuk menyampaikan ulang apa yang dikatakan oleh orang lain. Perkataan atau direct speech yang diubah ke dalam reported speech dapat berupa statement atau pernyataan, perintah atau ajakan (imperative), atau pertanyaan (yes-or-no question), serta pertanyaan menyangkut suatu informasi.

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A. REPORTED STATEMENT​

1. She says,”I go to school”.(Dia berkata,”Saya pergi ke sekolah”/Direct speech)​

She says that she goes to school.(Dia berkata bahwa dia pergi ke sekolah)/Indirect Speech​

     Catatan :​

     Direct Speech: Subject+ says/say,”Subject+present”

     Indirect Speech : Subject +says/say that +Subject+present.​

     Subyek dalam kalimat tidak langsung, berubah,kata kerja menyesuaikan.(I go…She goes)

     Dalam kalimat tidak langsung ada tambahan kata that,yang disini artinya “bahwa”  

     Say/says : artinya “berkata” (present/sekarang)

     I,we.you,they : say​

     She,he  : says​

     I,we,you,they : Verb1(kata kerja bentuk pertama tanpa s/es: go,buy,eat,etc)​

     She,he,it :Verb1+s/es(kata kerja bentuk pertama ditambah s/es :goes,buys,eats,etc)

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2. She said,”I go to school”.(Direct Speech)

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     She said that she went to school.(Indirect Speech)

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Multiple Choice

DS: Our English teacher asks, "how old are you?"

The indirect speech of the sentence is ...

• Our English teacher asks how old I was

• Our English teacher asks how old I am

• Our English teacher asks how old am I

• Our English teacher asks how old was I

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2. She said,”I go to school”.(Direct Speech)​

  She said that she went to school.(Indirect Speech

     Catatan :

     Direct Speech : said/ berkata(past tense/berkata nya lampau),”present”(said,”I go”

     Indirect Speech : said that+past tense(said that she went)

    Past tense : kata kerja bentuk kedua(Verb 1 :go,Verb2: went,Verb 1 : buy,Verb2:bought

3. She said,”I went to school”.(Direct Speech)​

  She said that she had gone to school.(Indirect Speech)​

     Catatan ​   Direct Speech : Subject said,”Subject+past tense

     Indirect Speech :  Subject said that+subject+past perfect tense

     Past perfect : Subject +had+Verb3

(Verb1:go,Verb2:went,Verb3:gone,buy-bought-bought/sell-sold-sold/study-studied-sudied/eat-ate-eaten/clean-cleaned-cleaned,etc)

    

Multiple Choice

Sintawati said to Mother: “I want to buy new dress so that my friends look me beautifully on my birthday party.”

• Sintawati said to Mother that she wanted to buy new dress so that her friends looked her beautifully on her birthday party

• Sintawati said to Mother that she wanted to buy new dress so that my friends look me beautifully on her birthday party

• Sintawati said to Mother that I wanted to buy new dress so that her friends look me beautifully on my birthday party

• Sintawati said to Mother that she wants to buy new dress so that my friends looked me beautifully on my birthday party

• Sintawati said to Mother that I want to buy new dress so that my friends look me beautifully on my birthday party

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4.She says,”I am at home”.(to be :present,I:am, You,we,they:are, She,he,it:is​)

  (Dia berkata,”Saya di rumah”

  She says that she is at home.

(Dia berkata bahwa dia di rumah)

5. She said,”I am at home”. She said that she was at home.(to be past tense: was dan were,Was :jika I,she,he,it​

Were : jika subyeknya you,we,they).

6. She said,”I was at home”. (Dia berkata,”Saya di rumah”)​

   She said that she had been at home.(to be past perfect:semua subyek memakai had been)   ​

  (Dia berkata bahwa dia sudah/telah di rumah).​

    Catatan:​

    Jika kalimat tidak ada kata kerja,setelah subyek diikuti “to be/kata bantu kata kerja).

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Multiple Choice

"I do my homework by myself." Susi Susanti said

• Susi Susanti said that she do her homework by herself.

• Susi Susanti said that she did her homework by herself.

• Susi Susanti said she did her homework by myself.

• Susi Susanti said that I did my homework by myself.

• homework by Susanti said that she does myself

7. He said,”I studied English yesterday”​

  (Dia berkata,” Saya belajar Bahasa Inggris kemarin

  He said that he had studied English the day before.​

   (Dia berkata bahwa dia sudah belajar Bahasa Inggris hari sebelumnya)

8. He said,”I am studying English now”.​

  He said that he was studying English then.

9. She said,”I will go to Bali tomorrow”.​

  She said that she would go to Bali the next day.

   Catatan

   Jika kalimat ada kata keterangan waktu,dalam kalimat tidak langsung,akan berubah.​ (yesterday(direct Speech)….menjadi the day before(Indirect Speech,etc)

   Etc: dll,dsb

Multiple Choice

Bruce said “My mother doesn’t have any biological children.”

• Bruce said that his mother doesn't have any biological children

• Bruce said that my mother didn't have any biological children

• Bruce said that his mother didn't had any biological children

• Bruce said that his mother didn't have any biological children

• Bruce said that his mother did have any biological children

2.REPORTED IMPERRATIVE

1.She said,”Go!!"​(Dia berkata,"Pergi!"/Direct Speech.

  She told/asked me to go.(Dia memberitahu/meminta saya untuk pergi) /Indirect Speech

2. He said,”Don’t go!" (Dia berkata,Jangan pergi!")/Direct Speech    He told/asked me not to go. (Dia memberitahu/ meminta saya untuk tidak pergi.)/Indirect Speech

3. She said,”Be happy!” (Dia berkata,"Bahagialah!"/Direct Speech

​ She asked me to be happy (Dia meminta saya untuk bahagia)/Indirect Speech

4. She said,”Don’t be lazy!" (Dia berkata,Jangan malas!")/Direct Speech

  She asked me not to be lazy.(Dia meminta saya untuk tidak malas)/Indirect Speech

           

    

  b. She asked me,”Can you sing?”

       She asked me if I could sing.

  c. He asks me,”Will you clean the room?”

      He asks me if I will clean the room.

 

Multiple Choice

he told me “I begin to understand the concept of biodiversity.”

• He told me that he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.

• He wanted to know if he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.

• He asked me that he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.

• He told me that I began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.

• He told me that he begin to understand the concept of Biodiversity.

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3. REPORTED YES/NO QUESTIONS

  a.  She asked me,”Do you go to school?”(Dia bertanya pada saya,"Apakah kamu pergi ke sekolah?")/

Direct Speech.​

      She asked me if/whether I went to school.(Dia bertanya pada saya apakah saya pergi kesekolah.)/

Indirect Speech​​

  b. She asked me,”Can you sing?"(Dia bertanya pada saya"Dapatkah kamu bernyanyi?")/Direct Speech.

    She asked me if I could sing. (Dia bertanya pada saya apakah saya dapat bernyanyi.)/Indirect Speech

  c. He asks me,”Will you clean the room?”(Dia bertanya pada saya,"Akankah kamu membersihkan ruangan tersebut")/Direct Speech​

     He asks me if I will clean the room.(Dia bertanya pada saya apakah saya akan membersihkan ruangan tersebut)/Indirect Speech.

Catatan:

If/wether:apakah

 

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Multiple Choice

The policeman says, "be careful!"

The policeman ....

• says to me not to be careful

• says to me to be careful

• says to me that I to be careful

• says to me whether I to be careful

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4.REPORTED  QUESTIONS WORDS

  a. She asked me,”What is your name?”(Dia bertanya pada saya"Siapa nama kamu?")/Direct Speech​ She asked me what my name was.(Dia bertanya pada saya siapa nama saya.)/Indirect Speech

  b. He asked me,”How old are you?”(Dia bertanya pada saya,"Berapa umut kamu?")/Direct Speech.​

      He asked me how old I was. (Dia bertanya pada saya berapa umur saya.)/Indirect Speech.

  c. She asks me,”Where do you live?".(Dia bertanya pada saya,"Dimana kamu tinggal?"/Direct Speech.

     She asks me where I live.(Dia bertanya pada saya dimana saya tinggal.)/Indirect Speech.

d. He asked me,”Why were you at home yesterday?”(Dia bertanya pada saya"Mengapa kamu ditrumah kemarin?"/Direct Direct.​

  He asked me why I had been at home the day before. (Dia bertanya pada saya sudah dirumah hari sebelumnya)/Indirect Speech

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Multiple Choice

Ds: My sister said, "I read the short story yesterday".

Is: ....................................

• My sister said that I read the short story yesterday.

• My sister said that I read the short story the day before.

• My sister said that she had read the short story the day before.

• My sister said that she has read the short story the day before

• My sister said that she read the short story yesterday.

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Beberapa perubahan ,jika kata yang melaporkan dalam bentuk lampau(past) yaitu “said,told,asked”,etc​

​1.Yesterday menjadi the day before

2. ....days ago menjadi ...days before

3. Now menjadi then

4.Tonight menjadi that night​

5. Today menjadi that day​

6.Tomorrow menjadi the day after/the following day

7.Next week menjadi the following week

8.Here menjadi there

9.This menjadi that

10.These menjadi those​

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Multiple Choice

DS: My friend asked, "did you find Anita's address?"

IS: ........................

• My friend asked whether I can find Anita's address.

• My friend asked whether I have found Anita's address.

• My friend asked whether I found Anita's address.

• My friend asked whether I had found Anita's address.

Multiple Choice

Ds: ..................................

IS: She asked if I collected the English project.

• She asked, " have you collected the English project?"

• She asked, " had you collected the English project?"

• She asked, " did you collect the English project?"

• She asked, " do you collect the English project?"

Multiple Choice

DS: ..............................

IS: Sinta asks whether I know him.

• Sinta asks, "did you know him?"

• Sinta asks, "did you knew him?"

• Sinta asks, do you know him?"

• Sinta asks, "had you known him?"