Speciation

SPECIATION

F

RANKS

WHAT IS A SPECIES

•

S

PECIES

ARE

A

GROUP

OF

ORGANISMS

WHICH

HAVE

SIMILAR

ENOUGH

GENETIC

CHARACTERISTICS

WHICH

ALLOW

THEM

TO

BREED.

.

•

I

BREED

IN

NATURE

.

•

A

LL

SPECIES

HAVE

DIFFERENT

LEVELS

OF

G

ENETIC

D

IVERSITY

•

T

HERE

ARE

TWO

MAIN

TYPES

OF

SPECIATION

•

A

LLOPATRIC

: G

EOGRAPHIC

•

S

YMPATRIC

: N

ON

-

G

EOGRAPHHIC

•

S

PECIATION

IS

THE

PROCESS

IN

WHICH

NEW

SPECIES

OCCUR

. 5 T

YPES

OF

B

IO

-

I

SOLATION

Multiple Choice

What is a species? 

• A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring. 

• A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile.

• A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other. 

• Indivual organisms that live in the same environment. 

Multiple Choice

The term for the formation of new and distinct species over the course of evolution is...

• speciation

• biological species concept

• reproductive barrier

• natural selection

Multiple Choice

A population is best described as....

• When a new species is made from an existing species

• A group of individuals in the same species

• Mating

• Ability of an organism to have children

Match

Match the following

Canis lupis

Pantera leo

Pinus contorta

Drosera capensis

Ursa americanus

• Canis lupis

• Pantera leo

• Pinus contorta

• Drosera capensis

• Ursa americanus

POPULATIONS: DENSITIES AND

RANGES

Torrey Pine
Pronghorn (3)
Sequoia
Black Bear

Match

Match the following

Clumped Dispersion

Uniform Dispersion

Random Dispersion

• Clumped Dispersion

• Uniform Dispersion

• Random Dispersion

ALLOPATRIC SPECIES

•

A

LLOPATRIC

•

N

EW

SPECIES

OCCUR

DUE

TO

G

EOGRAPHIC

I

SOLATION

AND

THEREFORE

REPRODUCTIVE

I

SOLATION

.

•

E

XAMPLES

•

M

OUNTAIN

BUILDING

& C

ONTINENTAL

R

IFTING

•

R

IVER

CUTTING

& C

ANYON

F

ORMATION

•

C

LIMATE

C

HANGE

& E

COSYSTEM

C

HANGE

•

C

ATASTROPHISM

•

I

SLAND

FORMATION

& S

WEEPSTAKES

S

PECIATION

•

E

XAMPLES

(

GOOGLE

MAPS

&

E

ARTHVIEWER

)

•

A

NDES

•

G

RAND

C

ANYON

•

A

FRICAN

R

IFT

V

ALLEY

•

S

AHARA

D

ESERT

•

I

SMUTH

OF

P

ANAMA

•

A

MERICAN

I

NTERCHANGE

•

B

REAKING

UP

OF

P

ANGAEA

SYMPATRIC

SPECIATION

•

S

YMPATRIC

S

PECIATION

•

A

NEW

SPECIES

EVOLVES

FROM

AN

EXISTING

SPECIES

WITHIN

THE

SAME

GEOGRAPHIC

R

EGION

WHERE

REPRODUCTIVE

ISOLATION

IS

CAUSED

BY

A

MEANS

OTHER

THAN

G

EOGRAPHIC

I

SOLATION

.

•

E

XAMPLES

•

A

NOLES

(C

ARIBBEAN

)

•

G

ALAPAGOS

F

INCHES

(G

ALAPAGOS

)

•

R

OCK

P

OCKET

M

ICE

(S.W. U

NITED

S

TATE

)

•

C

ICHLIDS

(V

ARIOUS

LAKES

IN

A

FRICAN

R

IFT

V

ALLEY

)

Biologic Isolation

Cichlid Evolution

BIOLOGIC ISOLATION: 5 TYPES

•

E

COLOGICAL

•

P

OPULATION

INHABIT

TWO

OR

MORE

TYPES

OF

ECOSYSTEMS

•

T

EMPORAL

•

A

POPULATIONS

BREEDING

TIME

IS

ALTERED

OVER

SPACES

AND

/

OR

SEXUAL

MATURITY

REACHED

AT

DIFFERENT

TIMES

OF

YEAR

•

B

EHAVIORAL

•

S

CENTS

, S

ONGS

, C

OLORS

, M

ATING

R

ITUALS

, F

EEDING

S

TRATEGIES

•

M

ECHANICAL

/C

HEMICAL

•

S

HAPE

, S

IZE

, C

HEMICAL

I

NHIBITORS

•

G

EOGRAPHIC

•

P

LATE

TECTONICS

, C

LIMATE

C

HANGE

, C

ANYON

-

C

UTTING

•

I

N

MANY

CASE

TWO

OR

MORE

FACTORS

ABOVE

CAN

WORK

SIMULTANEOUSLY

Multiple Choice

A type of speciation caused by geographic barriers separating populations that once shared a gene pool

• Sympatric

• Allopatric

• Chemical

• Temporal

Multiple Select

Which are causes of speciation? Choose all that apply

• Isolation caused by mountains, rivers and man-made structures

• preference for different foods

• change in environment

• different mating behaviors

Multiple Choice

A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation

• temporal isolation 

• gametic isolation

• geographic isolation 

Match

Match the following

• adaptation

• mutation

• natural selection

• artificial selection

• biological evolution

a trait that promotes success in the natural environment

random change in the DNA sequence giving rise to genetic variation

a driving force of changes in a population over time

humans produce desired outcomes by selective breeding

changes in a species or population over generations

• a trait that promotes success in the natural environment

• random change in the DNA sequence giving rise to genetic variation

• a driving force of changes in a population over time

• humans produce desired outcomes by selective breeding

• changes in a species or population over generations

Multiple Choice

Some female peacocks prefer males with large, colorful tales while other female peacocks prefer males with no tail at all. Females are beginning to only mate with the type of males with the tail they prefer. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation

• hybrid sterility 

• temporal isolation

• mechanical isolation 

Multiple Choice

The flowers of pink tulips open in the morning, while the flowers of lavender tulips open in the early afternoon. The bees that pollinate these tulips cannot carry pollen back & forth between the two types of tulips because of their flowers being closed at different times of day. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation

• hybrid sterility 

• temporal isolation

• mechanical isolation 

Multiple Choice

Type of reproductive barrier evidenced by this diagram.

• Temporal isolation

• Habitat (geographic) isolation

• Behavioral isolation

• Mechanical isolation

• Gametic isolation

Multiple Choice

Albert’s squirrel and the Kaibab squirrel are distinct subspecies that live on opposite sides of the Grand Canyon. They were once one species, but now differ significantly, including fur coloring.

• Temporal isolation

• Behavioral isolation

• Geographic isolation

Multiple Choice

The American toad (Anaxyrus americanus) and Fowler's toad (Bufo fowleri) live in the same area. However, The American toad mates in early summer while Fowler’s mates in late summer.

• Behavioral isolation

• Geographic isolation

• Temporal isolation

Multiple Choice

If a population becomes isolated from other populations of the same species and then genetic differences start to occur, what happens?

• Competition

• Extinction

• Speciation

• Fossils form

Multiple Choice

Temporal isolation is different from behaviorial isolation because, temporal isolation means...

• Organisms are not reproducing at the same time

• Organisms are physically separated

• Organisms are not attracted to the mates attraction signals

Multiple Choice

What type of isolation has occurred in the image?

• Geographic isolation

• Temporal isolation

• Behavioral isolation