Periodic Table Trends

Define the following briefly:

electron affinity- energy needed to add an electron to a neutral atom to form an anion

ionization energy-energy needed to remove one or more electrons from a neutral atom to form cations

atomic radius-size of an atom (measured from nucleus to outermost shells)

Representative Groups- the 8 groups of elements with fix valence electrons

ionic charges-when a metal element bond with a nonmetal element, both become ions

electronegativity-the ability of an element to attract electrons

valence electrons-outermost electrons involved in chemical reactions

oxidation number-number of electrons an element gain or lose

metal elements- conductor of heat and electricity, malleable, have luster

nonmetal elements-cannot conduct heat and electricity, brittle

Multiple Choice

Which group/family is a metal group?

• noble gases

• halogens

• alkaline earth

Multiple Choice

How many groups or families are there in the Representative Groups?

• 18

• 13

• 9

• 8

Multiple Choice

Which locations in the periodic table metal elements are?

• the zigzag line or elements in the step

• left of the zigzag line or step

• the right of the zigzag line or step

Multiple Choice

Which element belongs to transition metals or group B?

• beryllium

• platinum

• aluminum

• sulfur

Multiple Select

Elements that belong to metal groups are

• iron

• iodine

• potassium

• chlorine

Multiple Select

Elements that belong to nonmetal elements are

• argon

• calcium

• cobalt

• phosphorus

Multiple Choice

When calcium bonds with fluorine what would be the ionic charge of calcium?

• +1

• -1

• +2

• -2

Multiple Choice

What is the ionic charge of sulfur in a chemical reaction? Why?

• -1, sulfur loses 1 e^-

• + 1, sulfur gains 1 e^-

• +2, sulfur loses 2 e^-

• -2, sulfur gains 2 e^-

Multiple Choice

Potassium and chlorine react to form ionic compounds. Which is the correct name of the compound?

• potassium chlorine

• potassium chloride

• chlorine potasside

• potasside chloride

Multiple Select

The ionic charge of calcium is -2, why?

• calcium is a metal atom, metal loses their valence e^-

• calcium is a nonmetal, nonmetal gains e^-

• calcium is in group 2, therefore it loses 2 e^-

• calcium is in group 2, therefore it gains 2e^-

Multiple Select

The number of electrons an element gain or lose is called

• electron affinity

• ionization energy

• oxidation number

• ion charges

Multiple Choice

Atomic radius is the measurement of the

• atom's charges

• ion's charges

• size of the atom from its center to the last energy level

• number of electron shells, also called energy levels

Multiple Choice

Which atom has the greatest atomic radius?

• calcium

• oxygen

• cesium

• aluminum

Multiple Choice

Which is the most electronegative element and why?

• nitrogen, nonmetal gains electron

• sodium, metal loses their electrons

• fluorine, nonmetal gains electrons

Multiple Select

Which elements are correctly paired with their number of valence electrons?

• berrylium: 2 valence e^-

• aluminum, 3 valence e^-

• nitrogen, 7 valence e^-

• carbon, 4 valence e^-

Multiple Select

How does oxygen become oxide?

• By gaining one electrons, oxygen become oxide

• by gaining 2 electrons, oxygen become oxide

• oxygen is a nonmental, its ion name change into having -ide at the last syllable

• oxygen is a metal it loses electrons, it changes into having an -ide at the last syllable of its ion name

Multiple Select

Why and how do atoms of different elements bond?

• to react to form a new product

• to become stable

• to achieve filled valence shells of 8 electrons

• to attract more electrons in their outer shells

Multiple Select

Why sodium ion has an ionic charge of +1?

• sodium is a metal, it loses its valence electrons

• sodium is a nonmetal it loses its valence electrons

• sodium is in group 1, it loses an electron

• sodium is in group 2, it loses 2 electons

Multiple Choice

How calcium atom achieve Octet Rule?

• by losing/giving away its 2 valence e-

• by losing/giving away an electron

• by gaining/receiving two valence e-

• by gaining/receiving an electron

Multiple Choice

How oxygen atom achieve Octet Rule?

• by losing/giving away two valence e-

• by losing/giving away an electron

• by gaining/receiving 2 valence e-

• by gaining/receiving an electron