Social Studies: 9 Weeks Review

Social Studies:

9 Weeks Review

Industrialization

• In the 1900s factories grew, and oil, steel and railroad industries were major American businesses

• Laborers joined together to improve their working conditions and formed labor unions

• Industrialization increased the availability of manufactured goods.

Industrial Revolution

• During the Industrial Revolution, many factories were built, and machines started doing more of the work that people once did

• Eli Whitney’s cotton gin made it faster to remove the seed from cotton

• Northern textile (cloth) factories demanded more cotton, so the number of southern slaves increased because more were needed to plant and pick cotton

• Many European immigrants wanted to escape poverty and famine, and settled in U.S. cities to find jobs

• Living conditions in large cities were often poor, and many experienced problems with overcrowding, sanitation, and crime

Ubranization

Multiple Choice

All statements are true about industrialization, EXCEPT- 

• Industrialization involved the growth of factories.

• Industrialization increased the availability of manufactured goods.

• Industrialization prompted the growth of labor unions.

• Industrialization caused Westward Expansion.

Multiple Choice

During the 19th century, an increased demand for cotton and tobacco increased the need for labor on plantations systems. Which was a direct result of this? 

• expansion of slavery

• Indian Removal Act

• building of the transcontinental railroad

• civil rights laws

Multiple Choice

During the early 1900s many immigrants arrived in the United States, and many factories opened at the same time.  Which change came about because of these events?

• Ellis and Angel Islands became overpopulated.

• English became the world’s most popular language.

• Cities became large and overcrowded.

• Most Americans became very wealthy.

• The rise of the American oil, steel, and railroad industries in the 19th century depended mostly on immigrant labor.

• For example, many Chinese immigrants, and some Irish immigrants, worked on building the Transcontinental Railroad​

Immigrants

• During the 19th century, thousands of people moved west to settle the frontier

• This westward migration helped develop frontier regions and settlements.

Migration to the United States

Multiple Choice

The rise of the American oil, steel, and railroad industries in the 19th century depended MOSTLY on –

• new colonies

• immigrant labor

• government loans

• foreign investment

Multiple Choice

In what ways did migration impact the geographic growth of the United States during the 19th century?

• There was an increase in workers in eastern industrialized areas.

• Westward migration helped develop frontier regions and settlements.

• The forced migration of enslaved Africans supplied labor for plantations in the south.

• An increase of slavery in the south allowed the plantation economy to expand rapidly

• Free enterprise and mass production of goods helped the U.S. economy grow during the Industrial Revolution

• ​Free enterprise system in the United States had many benefits:

  • individuals can own businesses

  • individuals can choose their jobs

  • supply and demand determines price

Free Enterprise

Mass Production

• Mass production in factories allowed for a quicker way to make a large amount of an item, meaning production increase.

• Mass production caused the price of an item to decrease and become more affordable

• Mass production also created more jobs.

Multiple Choice

All of the following are benefits of the free enterprise system in the United States EXCEPT–

• individuals can own businesses

• individuals can choose their jobs

• supply and demand determines price

• society as a whole controls production

Multiple Choice

Which title best completes the diagram?

• Impacts of Specialization

• Impacts of Mass Production

• Impacts of Division of Labor

• Impacts of Increased Trade Routes

Mass Production

• Mass production of goods helped the U.S. economy grow

  • For example:

    • The oil industry increased enormously as a result of mass production of automobiles.

Immigrant Groups and American Indians:

Challenges/Contributions

• Immigrant groups:

  • Immigrant groups CONTRIBUTION to the U.S. brought a variety of traditions and customs from a variety of countries and groups

  • Immigrant groups faced the CHALLENGE of working in low wages and labor intensive jobs

• American Indians:

  • American Indians CONTRIBUTE to the U.S. by providing a unique view of conservation and respect of land

  • American Indians faced the CHALLENGE of being removed from their lands and forced to settle on designated territory

Multiple Choice

The oil industry increased enormously as a result of ________.

• new railroad lines

• mass production of automobiles

• increased cotton production

• fewer cattle drives

Multiple Select

What were the contributions and challenges many AMERICAN INDIANS faced?

• Unique view of conservation and

  respect of land

• Brought a variety of traditions and customs from a variety of countries and groups

• Removed from their lands and forced to settle on designated territory

• Most worked in low wage, labor intensive jobs

Multiple Select

What were the contributions and challenges many IMMIGRANT GROUPS faced?

• Unique view of conservation and

  respect of land

• Brought a variety of traditions and customs from a variety of countries and groups

• Removed from their lands and forced to settle on designated territory

• Most worked in low wage, labor intensive jobs

Westward Migration

• Because of westward migration, Americans modified the environment by building railroads

• Railroads also made it easier, cheaper, and quicker to ship goods, and the price of goods decreased

Susan B. Anthony

• Susan B. Anthony first brought up women’s suffrage (voting) and continued to work on the issue

• She contributed to the passing of the 19th amendment.

• The Susan B. Anthony Dollar was the first time that a woman appeared on a U.S. circulating coin.

Multiple Choice

Because of westward migration, Americans modified the environment by —

• building railroads

• closing schools

• creating parks

• recycling garbage

Multiple Choice

The woman on this dollar coin helped women gain the right to ____. This woman is _____.

• travel and Susan B. Anthony

• vote and Laura Ingalls Wilder

• marry and Laura Ingalls Wilder

• vote and Susan B. Anthony

Civil War: The North vs. The South

Two major issues divided the North and South are:

1. The North and South felt very differently about slavery;

   • The North (Union) was against slavery

   • The South (Confederacy) wanted slavery

2. Southern states wanted the right to decide major issues for themselves (states’ rights)

Civil War: Abraham Lincoln's Election

• Southern lawmakers warned that if Lincoln was elected, then southern states would secede, withdraw from the Union (U.S.)

• One month after Lincoln was elected president in 1860, South Carolina became the first state to secede

• Eventually 11 states formed the country, the Confederate States of America

Multiple Choice

At the time of the Civil War, which two major issues divided the North and South?

• welfare reform and income tax rates

• immigration policies and Westward Expansion

• loyalty to Great Britain and taxation without representation

• states' rights and the status of slavery in the west

Multiple Choice

Which event was an immediate cause of the secession of several Southern states from the Union in 1860?

• the Dred Scott decision

• the election of President Abraham Lincoln

• the raid at Harper's Ferry

• the Missouri Compromise

Territory Expansion: 19th Century

U.S. territorial expansion during the 19th century included:

1. The Annexation of Texas

2. The Gadsden Purchase

3. The Florida Purchase

13th Amendment

• The 13th Amendment abolished (got rid of) slavery in the United States

• In order for the Southern states to be admitted back into the Union, they had to ratify the 13th Amendment

• Even though slavery was now illegal, Southern states passed laws called black codes to limit the freedoms of African Americans
  

Draw

Which 3 areas on the map were part of U.S. territorial expansion during the 19th century? (mark your answers)

Multiple Choice

Which social change was brought about by the Thirteenth Amendment?

• Formerly enslaved African Americans were granted land.

• Enslaved African Americans were made United States citizens.

• African Americans living in the South were given the right to vote.

• The practice of enslaving people was abolished in the United States.