Roaring 20s

​1920 - The passage of the 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote.

Flappers - young women of the 1920s who enjoyed new freedoms because of their entrance into the workplace.

They danced, drank, and socialized in ways they had not before.

Controversy - The new freedoms of women were reflected in fashion. Traditional values clashed with the new ways of thinking.

​Women's Roles

​Women's Roles

​Nelly Taylor - In 1925 was elected the first female governor to be elected. She was the governor of Wyoming.

Higher education - Women began graduating from colleges and universities at a higher rate than ever before. The rate of women graduating from college nearly doubled during the 1900s. Only 19% in 1900 to 30% in the 1920s.

Zeta Phi Beta Sorority is founded January 16, 1920, at Howard University in Washington, D.C.

Multiple Choice

Who was Nelly Taylor?

• The first female governor in the United States

• A dancer in New York

• A Victorian activist who believed in traditional values.

• A coal miner in West Virginia.

Open Ended

List one way women's roles during the Roaring 20s were

different than women of the early 1900s.

​Evolution vs Creation

​The Scopes Trial, also known as the Scopes Monkey Trial, was the 1925 prosecution of science teacher John Scopes for teaching evolution in a Tennessee public school, which a recent bill had made illegal.

The trial was viewed as an opportunity to challenge the bill's constitutionality, publicly advocate for the legitimacy of Darwin’s theory of evolution, and enhance the profile of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU).

This was a trial challenging traditional Christian values and the place of religion in school and a challenge to the law.

​Immigration

​Immigration rises to pre-war levels. People were fleeing war-torn Europe.

Immigration Act of 1924 limits the number of immigrants allowed into the United States yearly through nationality quotas.

U.S. Border Patrol was established in 1924 to crack down on illegal immigrants crossing the Mexican and Canadian borders into the United States.

​Ku Klux Klan - turns hatred towards all foreigners entering the United States.

Challenges: Immigration continues decrease decades after 1924 and bigotry towards immigrants increased.

Multiple Choice

Who was John Scopes?

• The first leader of the US Border Patrol

• A teacher in Tennessee who taught the Theory of Evolution.

• A minister who opposed immigration in the United States.

• An attorney who defended the teacher who taught the Evolution Theory

Multiple Choice

The act that limited the number of immigrants coming to the United States

• The Chinese Exclusion Act

• The No Child Left Behind Act

• The Immigration Act

• The Mexican Border Act

The Red Scare

​The Red Scare was hysteria over the perceived threat posed by Communists in the U.S. during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States. (Communists were often referred to as “Reds” for their allegiance to the red Soviet flag.)

Communism - a political theory developed by Russian revolutionary Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.

​The Great Migration

​The Great Migration was the relocation of more than 6 million Black Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North, Midwest and West from about 1916 to 1970. Remember the Exoduster movement at the turn of the century? Black Americans continued heading north, during WW 1, and took advantage of the need for industrial workers during the First World War.

​Tulsa Oklahoma

​By 1921, fueled by oil money, Tulsa was a growing, thriving city with more than 100,000 people.

Despite the economic growth, crime rates were high, and vigilante justice of all kinds were common.

Tulsa was a highly segregated city with most of the city’s 10,000 Black residents living in a neighborhood called Greenwood. the community included a thriving business district sometimes referred to as the Black Wall Street.

​Tulsa Massacre

During the years following World War 1, the nation saw a spike in racial tensions.

During 18 hours from May 31 to June 1, 1921, a white mob attacked residents, homes and businesses in the predominantly Black Greenwood neighborhood of Tulsa, Oklahoma.

The event remains one of the worst incidents of racial violence in U.S. history.

​Harlem Renaissance

​The Harlem Renaissance was the development of the Harlem neighborhood in New York City as a Black cultural mecca in the early 20th Century and the subsequent social and artistic explosion that resulted.

The period is considered a golden age in African American culture, manifesting in literature, music, stage performance and art.

Jim Crowe laws of the south pushed African Americans out. Jobs pulled African Americans to the north.

Multiple Choice

Where was Black Wallstreet located?

• New York, New York

• Tulsa, Oklahoma

• Denver, Colorado

• Huston, Texas

​Prohibition

18th Amenedment - banned the manufacture, transportation, and sale of intoxicating liquors and went into effect with the passage of the Volstead Act. ​

Prohibition was hard to enforce.

It led to the rise of organized crime because people still wanted to drink alcohol.

Bootlegging - illegal production and sale of liquor

Speakeasies - illegal drinking spots.

Open Ended

List three ways American Values were challenged during the Roaring 20.

Open Ended

List two things you didn't know before you viewed this lesson.

Open Ended

List one question you have about the Roaring 20s.

​Roaring 20s References

(n.d.). Prohibition: Years, Amendment and Definition - HISTORY. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://www.history.com/topics/roaring-twenties/prohibition

(n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://docs.google.com/document/d/1o-syE4L6CcANnoQBEQ4nlmByt7B1Z08L0T4kzAGWo3s/edit

(2018, December 21). U.S. Immigration Timeline: Definition & Reform - HISTORY. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/immigration-united-states-timeline

(2020, February 28). Red Scare: Cold War, McCarthyism & Facts - HISTORY. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/red-scare

(2022, August 30). Great Migration: Definition, Causes & Impact - HISTORY. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/great-migration

Geographic Learning, N. (2018). U. S. History America Through the Lens, Student Edition. National Geographic School Publishing, Incorporated.

The Harlem Renaissance: A Chronology · Yale University Library Online Exhibitions. (n.d.). Yale University Library Online Exhibitions. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://onlineexhibits.library.yale.edu/s/gatheroutofstardust/page/the-harlem-renaissance-a-chronology

Lewis, J. J. (2020, December 20). Black History and Women's Timeline: 1920-1929. ThoughtCo. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://www.thoughtco.com/african-american-womens-history-timeline-1920-1929-3528307

Roaring Twenties Explained | Daily Bellringer. (2022, March 13). YouTube. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e6VipKZwtpA

Tulsa Race Massacre - Facts, Photos, Coverup - HISTORY. (2022, May 24). History Channel. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://www.history.com/topics/roaring-twenties/tulsa-race-massacre#tulsa-s-black-wall-street

Wells, H. (2017, November 17). Scopes Trial: Inherit the Wind & Butler Act - HISTORY. Retrieved February 26, 2023, from https://www.history.com/topics/roaring-twenties/scopes-trial