G-W Ch. 8 Physical Activity

Presentations for PowerPoint

Texas Health
Skills
for Middle School

Chapter
8

Physical
Activity

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Essential Question

What does it mean to be active and fit?

Lesson
8.1

Understanding Physical Activity

and Fitness

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Engaging in Physical Activity

•Physical activity is any action in which the body uses energy

•The term exercisedescribes physical activity that is structured,

planned, and has the purpose of increasing physical fitness

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The Benefits of Physical Activity, 1 of 2

•Engaging in physical activity

•lowers risk of diseases like heart disease, cancer, and type 2

diabetes
•helps you reach and maintain a healthy weight which prevents

overweight, obesity and underweight
•strengthens your bones and muscles

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The Benefits of Physical Activity, 2 of 2

•improves sleep, mental and emotional health, and mood

•This happens because engaging in physical activity can cause

the brain to release chemicals called endorphins, which
make you feel good

•improves quality of relationships, provides opportunities to meet

new people, and improves self-esteem and confidence
•improves academic performance and concentration

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Benefits of Physical
Activity on Mental
Health

How can physical activity affect
mental health conditions and
mental illnesses?

Running Women, Painting Girl, Sleeping Man: Inspiring/Shutterstock.com;
Girl with Arms Crossed, Boy with Dog: Demian_shutter/Shutterstock.com;

Children Jumping: Sentavio/Shutterstock.com

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Health Alert!

Despite the benefits of
physical activity, many
people still engage in sedentary
(inactive) behaviors

•Sedentary activities include watching TV or movies, playing video

games, using social media, or reading

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Physical Activity Guidelines

•The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americansguides people in

improving their health through physical activities

• Get at least one hour of moderate-to-vigorous physical

activity every day

• Spend the majority of that time doing moderate- or

vigorous-intensity aerobic activities

• Include muscle-strengthening activities at least three days a

week

• Include bone-strengthening activities at least three days a

week

Guidelines for children and teens

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Factors that Influence Physical Activity

•External Factors

•peer pressure, family income, community resources, media, and

technology

•Internal Factors

•interest level, mental health

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Skills Check

•Choose physical activities you enjoy

Do you prefer

sports or

unstructured

physical
activity?

Do you like to

engage in
physical
activity by
yourself or
with friends?

Do you prefer

indoor or
outdoor
activities?

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Lesson 8.1 Review, 1 of 2

•True or false? All physical activity is exercise.

•false

•People who spend much of their day doing activities that involve

sitting and using very little energy are being _____.

•sedentary

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Lesson 8.1 Review, 2 of 2

•Jericho is 12 years old. According to the Physical Activity Guidelines

for Americans, how much physical activity should he get, and how
often?

•60 minutes every day

Lesson
8.2

Knowing About Types

of Physical Fitness

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Types of Fitness

What is the difference between
health-related and skill-related
fitness?

Background: NextMars/Shutterstock.com; Character: rudall30/Shutterstock.com; Select
menu icon: Art work/Shutterstock.com; Health-related fitness types from top to bottom:

Sebastian Kaulitzki/Shutterstock.com; FOTOKITA/Shutterstock.com;

Pokomeda/Shutterstock.com; vsop/Shutterstock.com; stihii/Shutterstock.com; Skill-related

fitness types from top to bottom: MSSA/Shutterstock.com; rudall30/Shutterstock.com;

Benjavisa Ruangvaree/Shutterstock.com; Arak Rattanawijittakorn/Shutterstock.com;

kstudija/Shutterstock.com; Arak Rattanawijittakorn/Shutterstock.com

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Health-Related Fitness

•The type of fitness needed to perform daily activities with ease and

energy is health-related fitness

•As you perform aerobic activities, your body uses oxygen to break

down energy for use in the muscles
•In anaerobic activities, the body is supplied with energy stored in

muscles

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Health-Related Fitness: Heart, Lung,
and Muscle Strength

1.

Heart and lung strength

•As you do physical activities, your heart beats faster and your

breathing quickens

2.

Muscle strength

•Ability of a muscle to exert force against resistance

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Health-Related Fitness: Endurance
and Body Composition

3.

Endurance

•The ability to continue an activity over a period of time without tiring

•Includes aerobic endurance and muscle endurance

4.

Body composition

•Ratio of body fat, bone, and muscle

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Health-Related Fitness: Flexibility

5.

Flexibility

•The ability to fully and easily move muscles and

joints
•Can improve performance of physical activities

•Lowers the risk of injuries

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Skill-Related Fitness

•Fitness needed to perform a sport or leisure activity is skill-related

fitness

1. Speed
2. Agility
3. Balance
4. Power
5. Coordination
6. Reaction time

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Skill-Related Fitness: Speed and Agility

1.

Speed

•Moving quickly, which is important in

many sports

2.

Agility

•Rapidly changing

momentum and direction to go under,
over, or around obstacles

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Skill-Related Fitness: Balance and Power

3.

Balance

•Holding a certain body posture or position

•Involved in some sports and many leisure activities

4.

Power

•A mix of strength and speed

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Think About It…

A person can be fast, but not strong.

A person can also be strong, but not fast.

Which skill-related fitness involves someone being both strong and
fast?

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Skill-Related Fitness: Coordination
and Reaction Time

5.

Coordination

•The ability to perform various movements easily and gracefully

•Comes from both natural ability and practice

6.

Reaction time

•How quickly a person responds to someone else’s movement

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Lesson 8.2 Review, 1 of 2

•To perform daily activities with ease and energy, a person needs

good _____ fitness.

•health-related

•Your body uses the energy stored in your muscles during _____

activity.

•anaerobic

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Lesson 8.2 Review, 2 of 2

•Name the two types of endurance.

•aerobic endurance and muscle endurance

•Speed, power, balance, coordination, agility, and reaction time are

all parts of _____ fitness.

•skill-related

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Conduct Yourself Respectfully

•Conducting yourself with respect during physical activity involves

following rules and being a good sport

•Knowing and following the rules can

keep you and others free from injury
•Playing fair and treating people with

respect are aspects of good
sportsmanship

Anothai Thiansawang/Shutterstock.com

Lesson
8.3

Staying Safe During Physical

Activity

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Physical Activity Injuries

Sprain

Injury to
ligaments

Follow the

R.I.C.E.
treatment

Dislocatio

n

Bones

moved out
of position

Seek

medical
treatment
right away

Fracture

Broken bone

Forcing

bones into
place can

cause
further
injuries

Concussi

on

Brain injury
from a blow

to upper

body

Seek

medical
treatment
right away

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Conduct Yourself Respectfully

•Conducting yourself with respect during physical activity involves

following rules and being a good sport

•Knowing and following the rules can

keep you and others free from injury
•Playing fair and treating people with

respect are aspects of good
sportsmanship

Anothai Thiansawang/Shutterstock.com

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Skills Check

•Tips for fitness safety

Follow the

rules

Use proper

safety

equipment

Start slowly
and do not
overdo it

Drink lots of

water

Use caution
in hot and

cold weather

Follow
doctor’s

instructions

for any
injuries

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Skills Check

•The R.I.C.E. Treatment

Rest
Limit movement of the limb to allow

recovery and healing

Immobilize

Wrap the injury with an elastic
bandage to prevent or reduce

swelling

Cold

Cover the injury with a cold

compress for 15 minutes several

times a day

Elevate
Raise the injury above the heart to

control swelling

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Lesson 8.3 Review

•True or false? Drinking water is important before, during, and after

physical activity.

•true

•_____ describes cold-related illnesses and _____ describes

heat-related illnesses.

•Hypothermia; hyperthermia

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Fitness Safety

•Engaging in physical activity outdoors can be dangerous in certain

weather conditions

•Heat-related illnesses are hyperthermia

•Cold-related illnesses are hypothermia, which can include frostbite

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Physical Activity Injuries

Sprain

Injury to
ligaments

Follow the

R.I.C.E.
treatment

Dislocatio

n

Bones

moved out
of position

Seek

medical
treatment
right away

Fracture

Broken bone

Forcing

bones into
place can

cause
further
injuries

Concussi

on

Brain injury
from a blow

to upper

body

Seek

medical
treatment
right away

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Checking Your Health-Related Fitness
Level

•You can check your current level of health-related fitness by

•measuring your aerobic fitness

•measuring your muscle strength and endurance

•checking your flexibility

•determining your body mass index

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Skills Check

•The R.I.C.E. Treatment

Rest
Limit movement of the limb to allow

recovery and healing

Immobilize

Wrap the injury with an elastic
bandage to prevent or reduce

swelling

Cold

Cover the injury with a cold

compress for 15 minutes several

times a day

Elevate
Raise the injury above the heart to

control swelling

Lesson
8.4

Developing a Personal Physical

Activity Plan

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Checking Your Health-Related Fitness
Level

•You can check your current level of health-related fitness by

•measuring your aerobic fitness

•measuring your muscle strength and endurance

•checking your flexibility

•determining your body mass index

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Maximizing Anaerobic
Workouts

•Use proper form and pay attention to your breathing

•Do two or three sets, and increase your repetitions as you build

muscle endurance

Two to three times per

week for 20 to 30 minutes

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Skills Check

• Checking your health-related fitness

Aerobic fitness

• Record your

pulse before
and after you
briskly walk
one mile

Muscle

strength and
endurance

• Count how

many
push-ups you
can do at one
time

Flexibility

• Sit with your

legs in front of
you and see
how far you
can reach
toward your
toes

Body mass

index

• Measure the

circumference
of your waist
and calculate
BMI using the
formula

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Lesson 8.4 Review

•Juanita wants to check her aerobic fitness. She can do this by

recording her _____.

•pulse

•What does the acronym FITT stand for?

•frequency, intensity, time, type

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Setting Your Fitness Goals

•Fitness goals can help you improve

•how often you get physical activity

•the intensity of your physical activities

•how reliably you stick to your fitness schedule

•your participation in group activities

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Skills Check

•Your physical activity should be FITT

Frequency

Intensity

Time

Type

Children and teens need
aerobic activity every day

You can judge by heart
rate and breathing

Should add up to at least
60 minutes per day

Should have a variety
of activities you enjoy

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Maximizing Your Workouts

•Keep track of your progress to ensure that you stay on track with

your goals

•Revise your plan if the time of day or type of activity does not work

for you

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Warm-Ups and Cool-Downs

•5 to 10 minutes each

•Low-intensity aerobic activity,

such as jogging or brisk walking

•Should include at least 5 minutes

of stretching to prevent muscle
stiffness and injury

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Maximizing Aerobic Workouts

•Perform at moderate- or vigorous-intensity levels

•Your target heart rate will help you get the best results from your

workout
•Your maximum heart rate is the beats per minute your heart can

achieve when working its hardest

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Maximizing Anaerobic
Workouts

•Use proper form and pay attention to your breathing

•Do two or three sets, and increase your repetitions as you build

muscle endurance

Two to three times per

week for 20 to 30 minutes

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Lesson 8.4 Review

•Juanita wants to check her aerobic fitness. She can do this by

recording her _____.

•pulse

•What does the acronym FITT stand for?

•frequency, intensity, time, type