Skin Structures

Integumentary System

2.00 Understand the body’s support systems

2.03 Understand the structures, functions, and disorders of the

integumentary system

HU40 Health Science I

Layers of the Integumentary System

Epidermis- Outer layer of skin. Has 5
layers with the innermost layer
containing the melanocytes(skin color).
Outermost layer- flat scale like cells that
flake off- stratum corneum (corn flakes)
Dermis-inner layer. Contains blood
vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, hair
follicles and glands

Subcutaneous or
Hypodermic-innermost layer
Made up of fat and connective tissues
that contain larger blood vessels and
nerves, and it acts as an insulator to
help regulate body temperature.

HU40 Health Science I

2.03 Understand the structures, functions, and disorders of the integumentary system

Appendages of the Integumentary System

• Hair

• Cuticle- outermost layer-protective
• Cortex- middle layer- what you see with

split ends

• Medulla- innermost layer
• Root- part of hair in the dermis
• Shaft-part of hair you see- nonliving
• Hair follicle- tiny sac that hold the hair-

living

• Papilla- white tuft of skin on the end of

the hair

• Arrector Pili muscle- goose bump muscle

HU40 Health Science I

2.03 Understand the structures, functions, and disorders of the integumentary system

Nails

•Plate- visible part
•Nail bed- skin beneath the plate
•Matrix- creates new skin by
pushing out the old dead skin to
make the nail bed
•Cuticle- rims the base of the nail

HU40 Health Science I

2.03 Understand the structures, functions, and disorders of the integumentary system

Glands

•Sudoriferous-sweat glands
•Sweat + bacteria= odor

•Sebaceous-oil
glands
•Sebum

HU40 Health Science I

2.03 Understand the structures, functions, and disorders of the integumentary system

Multiple Choice

Rebecca is sitting at a football in November. She starts getting cold and goose bumps form on her arms and legs. Which structure is attached to the hair follicle and causes the skin to pucker around the hair?

• arrector pili muscles

• medulla

• cortex

• root

Multiple Choice

Hair follicles originate in which skin layer?

• dermis

• epidermis

• subcutaneous

• hypodermis

Multiple Choice

Which structure is an appendage of the skin?

• medulla

• epidermis

• hair

• arrector pili

Multiple Choice

The outer layer of hair is the:

• cortex

• follicle

• medulla

• shaft

Multiple Choice

The nerves, blood vessels, and glands are located in which layer of the skin?

• epidermis

• dermis

• subcutaneous

• hypodermis

Multiple Choice

The matrix is the nail:

• bed

• body

• keratin

• root

Multiple Choice

Which glands are found in large numbers under the arms and on the palms, soles of the feet, and forehead?

• papilla

• sebaceous

• subcutaneous

• sudoriferous

Multiple Choice

The innermost layer of the skin is the:

• stratum corneum

• subcutaneous

• epidermis

• dermis