Module F Unit 1 Lesson 3 - Surface and Ground Water

Unit 1 Lesson 3

Surface and Groundwater

​How does fresh water flow on Earth?

​By the end of this lesson, you should be able to explain the processes involved in the flow of water, both above and below the ground.

Multiple Choice

The circulation of the earth's water, in which water evaporates from the sea into the atmosphere, where it condenses and falls as rain or snow, returning to the sea by rivers or returning to the atmosphere by evapo-transpiration is called the...

• carbon cycle

• nitrogen cycle

• water cycle

• rock cycle

Multiple Choice

What is occurring at A in the diagram?

• runoff

• precipitation

• evaporation

• condensation

Multiple Choice

What process is happening at C in the diagram?

• runoff

• precipitation

• condensation

• transpiration

Multiple Choice

What is the source of groundwater?

• rain, snow, melted glaciers

• ocean water

• icebergs

• water from fossilized animals

Multiple Choice

What percentage of the world's water is found in the Oceans?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 97%

• 99%

Unit 1 Lesson 3 Vocabulary

​surface water

groundwater

water table

channel

​tributary

watershed

divide

aquifer

-97% is salt water - 3% fresh water

- Only 1% of that 3% is liquid

- There is a huge demand for fresh water...

​

​Where on Earth is freshwater found?

Open Ended

Other than water for drinking, what other uses does fresh water have? Where is the highest demand?

- Surface water is water located on Earth's...surface

- Precipitation, such as rain, or comes up from the ground.

- Surface water flows form higher to lower ground.

- Water that flows across Earth's surface is called runoff.

​

​On Earth's Surface

Multiple Select

Which of these choices are examples of surface water?

• streams

• well water

• rivers

• lakes

Open Ended

How does surface water become groundwater?

​-Not all surface water becomes ground water-some seeps into the ground

-Water drains through the soil and filters down into the underground rock, collecting in the spaces between rock particles.

- This is groundwater

​Beneath Earth's Surface

How does water move on Earth's surface?

-As precipitation falls it flows from higher to lower areas - eventually gathering together to form channels (the path a stream flows).

-This channel will continue to grow and erode rock and soil over time.

- A tributary is a smaller stream that feeds into a river system.

Have you visited any of the Delaware River's tributaries in Pike County or elsewhere?

Page 34-35 in your book please

-An area of land drained by a river system.

-Watersheds are separated by divides.

-Largest watershed is the Mississippi River Watershed.

-Many Factors affect the flow in a watershed.

​

​Watersheds

Poll

Can water quality get so bad, that it makes it difficult to survive?

• Yes., It is essential to growth

• No, It can be bad and people still manage

​The change in elevation over a certain distance (steepness or slope of the land). The higher the gradient the faster the water moves.

​​Gradient

​The amount of water that mover through a channel in a given amount of time. An increase in flow can cause an increase in speed.

River Flow

​Materials carried in a stream. Streams with high flow carry a larger stream load. Faster streams carry larger loads. Deposit loads where they slow.

​​Stream Load

Open Ended

What land feature separates watersheds?

Open Ended

How would an increase in gradient affect the speed of water?

​Water seeps into the ground. Aquifers store water in the ground and allows it to flow. Water tables rise and fall depending on the amount of water in the aquifer.

​​It trickles down from Earth's Surface

​Water is stored in the pore spaces of rocks. The storage space of an aquifer is measure by their porosity. Permability is the measure of the movement of water within the aquifer. Aquifers with high porosity and permeability are a useful water source.

Fills Tiny Spaces Underground

​How does groundwater flow?

Open Ended

What are so of the ways that groundwater becomes discharged?

Open Ended

What are some of the ways people use surface water and groundwater?