tutorials

​Biology Tutorials EOC Review

Dropdown

Both euglena and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic unicellular organisms found in pond water. The feature that distinguishes euglena from cyanobacteria is the —

Select answer

Multiple Choice

A student produces a labeled drawing of a virus for a presentation. The student states that the capsid has a function similar to the nuclear membrane found in animal cells.

Which of these describes the similar functions of capsids and nuclear membranes?

• Both transport proteins throughout the structures.

• Both provide energy for activities in the structures.

• Both protect genetic information for the structures.

• Both code for the proteins needed for reproduction of the structures.

Multiple Choice

Which cellular process takes place in the ribosomes that are bound to the endoplasmic reticulum?

• The breakdown of waste material

• The conversion of radiant energy to glucose

•  The synthesis of new proteins

• The replication of nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

Which of these describes a difference between viruses and cells?

• Cells contain protein, and viruses contain only carbohydrates.

• Viruses have flagella, and cells have only cilia.

• Cells reproduce independently, and viruses require a host to reproduce.

• Viruses have membranes made of proteins, and cells have membranes made of nucleic

  acid.

Drag and Drop

The activities in the cell cycle occur during specific phases. In which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

S phase

Mitosis

G₁ phase

G₂ phase

Multiple Choice

Transmembrane proteins span the width of cell membranes. Four types of transmembrane proteins are shown in a section of cell membrane.

Although these proteins have different specific functions, they all —

• stop chemical reactions within the cell

• synthesize molecules that signal other cells

• help the cell interact with its external environment

• remove large waste particles from the cytoplasm of the cell

Multiple Choice

A type of cellular transport is shown..

Which description best identifies this type of cellular transport?

• Active transport, because energy is being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

• Facilitated diffusion, because energy is being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Osmosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Endocytosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

Multiple Choice

An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?

• Carbohydrates and lipids

• Proteins and carbohydrates

• Nucleic acids and carbohydrates

• Lipids and nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

The model shows a mutation to a partial sequence of bases in a gene.

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Substitution

• Translocation

​The codes for our traits is found within the sequences of nitrogen bases of DNA.

Multiple Choice

Eight components present in nucleic acids are listed in the box.

• 1, 3, 5, and 6 only

• 3 and 5 only

• 2 and 4 only

• 3, 4, 7, and 8 only

Multiple Choice

Exposure to the building material asbestos has been linked to certain types of cancers. Asbestos causes mutations in the p53 gene, which controls tumor suppression. Which statement best explains why people with cancer due to asbestos exposure do not pass the mutation on to their offspring?

• The mutation occurred in gametic cells.

• The mutation occurred in somatic cells.

• The mutation is recessive.

• The mutation is sex-linked

Multiple Choice

A segment of a DNA strand is shown.

Multiple Choice

What is one advantage of sexual reproduction?

• offspring are identical to parents

• offspring are resistant to viruses

• offspring are born live, rather thna from eggs

• offspring inherit a wider variety of genetic information

Multiple Choice

Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA

• AATCATGGA

• TTAGTACCT

• UUAGUACCU

• GGATAUCUA

Multiple Choice

Colorblindness is a recessive, X chromosome sex-link disorder. Cross the parents to figure out which percentage of their offspring will be colorblind.

• 25%

• 0%

• 75%

• 50%

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of Strand A?

• to act as a template for the synthesis of messenger RNA

• to carry the code from the DNA molecule in the nucleus to the ribosome

• picks up and transfers specific amino acids to the ribosome

• picks up and transfers nucleic acids to the nucleus

Multiple Choice

A mutation has occurred in a mRNA fragment that was originally CUU. Using the codon chart given above, which of the following mutated mRNA fragments would result in an amino acid sequence different from that produced by the CUU fragment?

• CUC

• CUA

• CUG

• CAU

Multiple Choice

Four different types of cells are shown in picture. Which characteristic is shared by all four cells?

• A mechanism for transforming sunlight into energy

• Self-locomotion

• Membrane-bound organelles that transport substances

• Genetic material composed of DNA

Multiple Choice

Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?

• The number of adenines and cytosines determines the type of RNA that will be produced.

• The order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the proteins synthesized.

• The amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecules determines the length of the genes.

• The type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases determines which amino acid will be added to the peptide chain.

Multiple Choice

Name this structure

• double helix

• nucelotide

• twisted ladder

• hydrogen bond

Multiple Choice

Which species’ DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale? 

• Hippopotamus 

• Baleen Whale

• Grazing Mammals

• Camels

Multiple Choice

What conclusions can be made based on this table shown?

• the American black bear and the giant panda are most closely related

• the giant panda and the red panda are most closely related

• the red panda and the racoon are the most closely related

• the giant panda and the racoon are most closely related

Multiple Choice

The picture shows the members of the Camelidae family. The physical features and the geographical origin of these animals provide evidence that - 

• they live in the same type of environment.

• have slowly evolved to become herbivores.

• have a common ancestor.

• exchanged DNA in the past.

Multiple Choice

The similarities of organisms in which two areas numbered in the picture provide the best evidence for common ancestry?

• 1 and 2

• 3 and 4

• 5 and 6

• 7 and 8

Multiple Choice

The image shows an example of..

• vestigial structure

• homologous structure

• analogous structure

Multiple Choice

A grizzly bear survives because he is well-adapted to his environment. When he reproduces he passes on those traits to his offspring. this process is called

• Natural Selection

• Selective Breeding

• Random mutations

• Variations in a species

Multiple Choice

An illustration and a dichotomous key are given. What is the correct classification for this organism?

• Class Insecta

• Order Amblygygi

• Order Araneae

• Order Scorpiones

Multiple Choice

A dichotomous key for insects is shown below. To what order does an insect with two pairs of scaly wings belong?

• Coleoptera

• Diptera

• Heteroptera

• Lepidoptera

• Circulatory = Transport

• Integumentary = Regulate temperature

• Endocrine= Glands/Hormones

• Muscular, Skeletal, Nervous= Movement

Multiple Choice

which of the following is in order from least to most complex?

• cell, tissue, organ

• organ, cell, organ system

• tissue, cell, organelle

Multiple Choice

A feedback mechanism in the human body is shown.

• The nervous and reproductive systems work together to stimulate the production of insulin.

• The circulatory and endocrine systems work together to keep blood sugar levels constant.

• The excretory and nervous systems work together to convert glycogen into glucose.

• The immune and circulatory systems work together to circulate blood through the pancreas.

Multiple Choice

During the final stages of human gestation, receptors for the hormone oxytocin increase on the smooth muscle cells of the uterus. The release of oxytocin during labor stimulates the smooth muscle tissue in the wall of the uterus. The vigorous contraction of the uterine smooth muscle helps push the baby through the birth canal so that delivery can occur. This process involves the interaction of which organ systems?

• Endocrine and muscular only

• Endocrine and reproductive only

• Endocrine, muscular, and reproductive

• Endocrine, reproductive, and excretory

Multiple Choice

The fuzzy millipede, Polyxenus fasciculatus, is found in Texas and is preyed upon by most species of ants. To protect itself against the ants, it ejects fibers from a tuft located at the tail end of its body. The tufts have hooks at the tips and barbs along their length that lock and interlink with the ant’s setae, small hairs that cover the body of the ant. When an ant attacks, the millipede flexes its back end toward the ant and wipes the tufts against it. As the ant attempts to remove the tufts, it entangles itself more, becoming immobilized.

• Muscular and integumentary

• Immune and muscular

• Integumentary and endocrine

• Endocrine and immune

Multiple Choice

Which four body systems interact to allow a person to sneeze?

• Muscular, immune, nervous, respiratory

• Nervous, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal

• Respiratory, endocrine, skeletal, circulatory

• Lymphatic, skeletal, respiratory, muscular

Multiple Choice

The esophagus and intestines are made up of smooth muscles that move food through these organs using muscular contractions. Which two systems are working together here?

• Muscular and Digestive

• Reproductive and Endocrine

• Muscular and Excretory

• Digestive and Immune

Multiple Choice

Structures represented in the illustration below are found in the lower epidermis of a plant leaf. The illustration at right shows the response to a certain environmental condition. The response represented in the illustration would most likely be caused by --

• a reduced supply of oxygen

• long periods of rainfall

• high concentrations of glucose

• little available water

Multiple Choice

Gibberellins are hormones produced in the root tips of plants. The plant uses these hormones to stimulate the growth of shoots.

How are gibberellins able to affect other parts of the plant?

• Gibberellins are absorbed through the stomata and attach to chloroplasts.

• Gibberellins are transported through vascular tissues to other parts of the plant.

• Gibberellins become concentrated within the tissues of the plant during mitosis.

• Gibberellins become modified once they infect healthy cells and are later released to infect other cells.

Multiple Choice

Several structures work together to allow flowering plants to reproduce. The diagram shows a typical flower. Which table correctly identifies the function of each structure or group of structures in the reproduction of a plant?

• X-pollen production, Y-pollen transfer, Z-production of eggs

• X-attraction of pollinators, Y-production of male sex cells, Z-egg production and embryo development

• X-protection for embryo, Y-supply nourishment to embryo, Z-place of embryonic development

• X-photosynthesis, Y-production of cells that protect internal organs, Z-production of egg and sperm

Multiple Choice

A student conducted an investigation to study the phototropism in grasses. The only difference between the control group and the experimental group was light conditions. The control group was provided full light, while the experimental group was shaded on one side. The diagrams show the average heights and positions of blades of grass in the investigation. Which statement best explains why the grass tips of the experimental group bent toward the light?

• Water evaporated faster on the side of the plant having full light

• light sensors in the grass tips stimulated a hormone in the shoot system

• the xylem in the root system absorbed more nutrients from the shaded side

• the side facing the light has a greater chance of absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

Auxins are plant hormones that help regulate growth. Sunlight stimulates auxins on the shaded side of the stem causing the plant to grow faster on that side. This pushes the stem towards sunlight. This response is known as:

• geotropism

• transpiration

• phototropism

• thigmotropism

Dropdown

This gradual change in plant communities of a sand dune ecosystem can result in ​

Select answer

Multiple Choice

Which conclusion about the microorganisms naturally found in the body is most likely supported by these data?

• All microorganisms are harmful to the body.

• Microorganisms are important in promoting healthy immune systems.

• All bacteria in the body increase the effectiveness of the immune system.

• Bacteria that cause infections decrease the number and variety of immune cells in the body.

Drag and Drop

The natural process the biologist are attempting to imitate is ​

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Succession

Biomagnification

Population bottleneck

Species extinction

Hotspot

A student studying primary succession should focus on which of these communities?

Multiple Choice

Which of these explains the relationship between the leaf-cutter ants and fungi?

• Predation, because the ants feed on the fungi

• Mutualism, because both the ants and fungi benefit from each other

• Competition, because both organisms consume the same resource for energy

• Commensalism, because the ants receive energy from the fungi and the fungi are unaffected

Multiple Choice

Which table best identifies the ecological relationships among the gray wolf, hyena, and goats?

Dropdown

In a Central Texas grassland, the producers incorporate 12,000 kJ of energy from the sun into their tissues. ​According the 10% rules,

Select answer

would be incorporated into the tissues of herbivores.

Multiple Choice

Which energy pyramid best models energy flow in the Texas Gulf Coast community?

Hotspot

Based on this food web, which organism occupies multiple trophic levels?

Multiple Choice

Which statement is an example of how carbon moves through a food chain as part of the carbon cycle?

• Producers release carbon dioxide, and consumers take it in

• Producers take in carbon dioxide, and consumers release it

• Producers take in carbon from the soil, and they release it when they decompose

• Producers release carbon into the soil, and consumers take it in from the soil

Multiple Choice

Based on the food web, how would a significant decrease in the sea otter population due to an oil spill most likely affect this ecosystem?

• The sea urchin population would increase causing the kelp population to decrease

• The fish population would increase in response to the changes in the mussel population

• The mussel population would increase in response to the changes in the algae population

• The killer whale population would increase causing the fish populaton to decrease