CATEGORY 1 STAAR REVIEW

Levels of organization

Life begins at the
cellular level

The Cell is the
smallest unit of life

Atoms, molecules,
and organelles do not
exist outside of the
cell

Reorder

Put the following in the correct order, from smallest to largest:

• Cell

• Tissue

• Organ

• Organ System

• Organism

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Prokaryote

Eukaryote

Includes which cells?

Nucleus (yes/ no)

membrane -bound organelles?

Cell membrane and ribosomes?

size

Very very very small

Yes

Very small

No

Yes

Plant, animal, fungus, protist

NO

Bacteria

Yes

Yes

Drag and Drop

The smallest living thing is the ​​

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. Cells have "tiny organs" called ​

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​ . Larger, more complex cells with a nucleus are called ​

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​ . Smaller, simpler cells without a nucleus are called ​

Placeholder

​ .

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

cell

organelles

eukaryotes

prokaryotes.

Multiple Select

Eukaryotic cells include which of the following?

(Choose all that apply)

• Animal

• Plant

• Fungi

• Protist

• Bacteria

Multiple Choice

Which of the following accurately describes the two cells?

• Cell 1: Eukaryote

  Cell 2: Prokaryote

• Cell 1: Prokaryote

  Cell 2: Eukaryote

• Cell 1: Prokaryote

  Cell 2: Prokaryote

• Cell 1: Eukaryote

  Cell 2: Eukaryote

Organelle

Function

Prokaryote, Eukaryote,

or both?

Ribosome

Site of protein synthesis

BOTH

Mitochondria

Site of cellular respiration-

makes the energy

Eukaryotes

Chloroplast

Site of photosynthesis

Eukaryotes- PLANTS ONLY

Nucleus

Stores genetic material (DNA)

and directs cell activity

Eukaryotes

Organelle

Function

Prokaryote, Eukaryote, or

both?

Cell Wall

Surrounds cell membrane
and provides additional

support

Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes- PLANTS ONLY

Cell membrane

Controls what materials go

in/out. Maintains homeostasis.

BOTH.

All cells have a cell membrane.

Vacuole

Water and material storage

Eukaryotes

Match

Match the organelles with their function

• Nucleus

• Chloroplast

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Cell Membrane

Stores genetic material (DNA)

Site of photosynthesis

Site of cell respiration

Site of protein synthesis

Maintains homeostasis, controls what goes in and out

• Stores genetic material (DNA)

• Site of photosynthesis

• Site of cell respiration

• Site of protein synthesis

• Maintains homeostasis, controls what goes in and out

Viruses

Viruses

Virus due to the robot looking
shape

Animal cell because it has organelles,
is complex looking, and round

Virus because it does not have organelles
and has projections on the outside

Bacteria cell because of the
flagella attached

Plant cell because it has
organelle, look complex, and is
squarish in shape

Virus structure

Capsid

Protective covering of the genetic material or genome (similar to the nucleus of the cell)

Protein
envelope

The outer covering the virus (similar
to the cell membrane, but made of
proteins)

Projections

Structures on the outside of the virus that allows it to attach to the host cell

5. How do viruses attach to cells?

Surface proteins, or glycoproteins, act as “keys".

They bind with the host cells receptor proteins, or “locks."

Match

Match the following

• A

• B

• C

• D

Bacterial Cell

(Prokaryote)

Plant Cell

(Eukaryote)

Virus

Animal Cell

(E

• Bacterial Cell

  (Prokaryote)

• Plant Cell

  (Eukaryote)

• Virus

• Animal Cell

  (E

Multiple Select

Which of these structures would be found in a virus?

(Choose three correct answers)

• Capsid

• Nucleus

• Surface Projections

  (Surface proteins)

• Envelope

• Mitochondria

Type of Process

Reactants

Products

Organelle and cell
type where it occurs

Energy conversion

Photosynthesis

Water

Carbon dioxide

Sunlight energy

Glucose

oxygen

Chloroplast

Plant cells

Solar (light)
energy from the
sun into chemical
energy in glucose

Cellular

Respiration

Glucose

oxygen

Water

Carbon dioxide

ATP energy

Mitochondria

plant and animal
cells

Chemical energy
in glucose into
chemical energy
in ATP

Cellular Respiration

There are 2 types of cellular respiration; Anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration does not
require oxygen and makes much
less energy- up to 4 ATP

Aerobic respiration uses
oxygen and creates much
more energy. 32-36 ATP

Drag and Drop

1. ​

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2.​

Placeholder

3. ​

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4. ​

Placeholder

5. ​

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Chloroplast

Glucose (C6H12O6)

ATP

Mitochondria

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

chloroplast

glucose

oxygen

ATP

Mitochondria

Carbon dioxide

water

Plants use carbon dioxide and water in the presence of
sunlight to make glucose and
oxygen

All living organisms use
glucose and oxygen to
create ATP energy,carbon
dioxide, and water

Cellular Respiration

Dropdown

ATP is a form of chemical ​

Select answer

. In photosynthesis, a ​

Select answer

in a plant cell turns the light energy from the sun into the chemical energy of ​

Select answer

. In cell ​

Select answer

, the chemical energy stored in glucose is converted to ATP. ​

Multiple Choice

Prokaryotic cells do not have…….

• membrane bound organelles

• cell membrane

• DNA or RNA

• life

Multiple Choice

What type of cell has a nucleus? 

• eukaryotic

• prokaryotic 

Multiple Choice

Which organelle belongs in plant cells only?

• Cell Membrane

• Mitochondrion

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

Open Ended

Describe the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Multiple Select

Select all that are true about archaea: (3)

• They are prokaryotic

• They live in extreme environments

• They are believed to be the oldest organisms on the planet

• They are eukaryotic

Multiple Choice

Passive Transport is the movement of particles across the membrane from an area of [ ___ ] to an area of [ ___ ]

• low to high

• low to low

• high to low

• high to high

Multiple Choice

What is diffusion?

• when molecules move from a low concentration to a high concentration

• when molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration.

• no movement

• molecules move everywhere

Multiple Choice

Diffusion & Facilitated Diffusion are both __________ transport.

• passive

• active

• easy

• free

Multiple Choice

In the past, some scientists accepted the theory of spontaneous generation. This theory states that organisms can arise from nonliving matter. Now scientists generally accept cell theory to explain the origin and growth of new organisms. Which of these statements is a key idea of cell theory that disproves the theory of spontaneous generation?

• The cell is the basic unit of life.

• All living things are made of matter.

• All cells arise from pre-existing cells by division.

• All cells are formed from the combination of two other cells.

Multiple Choice

Bacteria are prokaryotic cells. By contrast, animal, plant, and fungal cells are eukaryotic.

What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

• Eukaryotes have a cell wall.

• Prokaryotes cannot live without a host.

• Eukaryotes copy DNA and are able to reproduce.

• Prokaryotes do not have a membrane-bound nucleus.

Multiple Choice

The cells of animals and plants share many characteristics. Which of the following cell structures is present in BOTH animal and plant cells?

• cell wall

• chloroplast

• Golgi apparatus

• large central vacuole

Multiple Choice

The following cell structures are located within cells that make proteins. Which description  best  explains the relationship among these cell structures in making a protein?  

nucleus  

ribosome  

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)  

• nucleus makes protein → protein winds through the ER → protein folds into its active shape  

• nucleus directs ER to assemble the protein → ribosomes surround protein → protein folds into its active shape  

• ER creates protein → DNA in the nucleus codes for ribosomes to surround protein → protein folds into its active shape  

• DNA in nucleus codes for protein → protein assembled in ribosomes and moves to ER → protein folds into its active shape  

Multiple Choice

In the 1800s, scientists studied how fat-soluble substances and water-soluble substances interact with cell membranes. Their studies provided evidence that cell membranes are structured to perform certain functions.  

What function did these studies suggest that cell membranes perform? 

• control the cell’s activities 

• control which substances enter the cell 

• form proteins from fat-soluble substances 

• carry materials throughout the interior of the cell 

Multiple Choice

Which would be the best evidence that a cell is using active transport to move a substance across its cell membrane?

• Substances are moving rapidly across the cell membrane.

• ATP is being rapidly consumed near the cellular membrane.

• Substances are moving from high to low concentrations.

• Substances are moving through channels in the cell membrane.

Draw

Draw arrows indicating the movement of water

Draw

Draw arrows indicating the movement of water

Multiple Choice

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?

• The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.

• The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums.

• The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient.

• The water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution.

Multiple Choice

What will happen if an animal cell that has a solute concentration of 1% is placed in a 5% saltwater solution?  

• It will shrink because there is less water outside of the cell than there is on the inside.

•   

  It will burst because there is more water on the outside of the cell than there is on the inside.  

• It will burst because there is more water on the inside of the cell than there is on the outside.  

• It will remain the same size because there is an equal amount of water on the inside and outside of the cell. 

Multiple Choice

Cells need to bring in molecules to carry out cellular processes. Often, this requires moving the molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient. How do these molecules get into the cell?

• passive transport by diffusion

• active transport using ATP

• passive transport by osmosis

• phagocytosis