GOALS World History I Lesson 5

GOALS

World History I

WHI.15a-15d and WHI.12a-12c

Multiple Choice

What belongs to you but others use it more than you do?

• Your name

• Your toys

• Your life

• Your phone

WH.15a

The Economic and Cutural Foundations of the Italian Rennaissance

• Italy was the most commercially advanced, urbanized, literate area of high and later medieval Europe.

• The remains of ancient Rome were most visible in Italy.

• Italy’s wealth, literacy, and pride in its Roman past provided the foundations of the Italian Renaissance.

​Essential Understandings

Multiple Choice

Italy is a European country with a long Mediterranean coastline, it is known to be shaped like a:

• heart

• oval

• boot

• star

Multiple Choice

On which continent is Italy located ?

• Europe

• Asia

• Africa

Multiple Choice

Which of these was an Italian city-state and leading cultural center during the Renaissance

• Florence

• Paris

• Rome

Multiple Choice

Florence is in ...

• Portugal

• Italy

• Greece

• Increased access to Middle Eastern products

• Stimulated production of goods to trade in Middle Eastern markets

• Encouraged the use of credit and banking

​Economic Effects of the Crusades

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Mali Empire

Multiple Choice

Wealth accumulated from European trade with the Middle East led to:

• The rise of Italian city-states

• An increase in crime

• The corruption of the church

• The freedom of serfs

Multiple Choice

Increased trade between Europe and the Muslim and Byzantine empires was stimulated by:

• Muslim expansion into southern Europe

• The repeal of a ban on non-Christian trade by the Pope

• The Crusades

• A trade alliance between the Byzantine empire and the Holy Roman Empire

Multiple Choice

True or False?

The Crusades promoted contact between Europe and the Byzantine and Muslim Empires, thus, exposing Europe to new Middle Eastern products. This stimulated production of goods to trade in Middle Eastern markets and encouraged the use of credit and banking.

• True

• False

​Church rule against usury and the banks’ practice of charging interest helped to secularize northern Italy.

​Letters of credit served to expand the supply of money and expedite trade.

​New accounting and bookkeeping practices (e.g., use of Arabic numerals) were introduced.

​Important Economic Concepts

Multiple Choice

Letters of credit served to expand the supply of ____ and expedite trade.

• silk

• money

• gold

• salt

Multiple Choice

The use of this, which derives from the Muslim civilizations, helped to maintain more efficient accounting and bookkeeping records.

• Calculus

• Calculator

• Arabic numerals

The collapse of the Byzantine Empire reignited interest in Greco-Roman culture.

​

​Cultural Foundations

Multiple Choice

The Renaissance means (1) ____ and is when their is renewed interest in (2) ____ culture.

• (1) Rebirth; (2) Greco-Roman

• (1) Religious; (2) Byzantine

• (1) Secularism; (2) Religious

Slavery in Early African
Kingdoms and Empires

• Slavery developed in early empires of northern

Africa, especially in Egypt and along the
Mediterranean coast.

•Nubia and Egypt enslaved many people within
their kingdoms, because of the pharaohs' desire
to build great structures and to increase the
number of agricultural laborers.

•In Ghana and Mali, slavery developed largely as
a function of war.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

WH1.15b-15c

The Italian Renaissance

• ​Wealth accumulated from European trade with the Middle East led to the rise of Italian city-states. Wealthy merchants were active civic leaders.

• Machiavelli observed city-state rulers of his day and produced guidelines for the acquisition and maintenance of power by absolute rule.

​

Essential Understandings

Multiple Choice

The European Renaissance resulted in:

• A renewed interest in the Catholic Church as a source for inspiration for art and literature

• The decline of art and literary techniques and innovations because of church dominance

• A decline in the appreciation of art, music, literature, architecture, and ideas from other cultures

• The creation of art and literature focused on the secular which led to decreased power of the church

• Had access to trade routes connecting Europe with Middle Eastern markets

• Served as trading centers for the distribution of goods to northern Europe

• Were initially independent city-states governed as republics

​

​Florence, Venice, and Genoa

Multiple Choice

With the rise of Empire and European influence came increased trade and _________, people treated as personal property

• caste systems

• serfdom

• chattel slavery

• TransAtlantic Slave Trade

Multiple Choice

The location of the Renaissance was in this present day country:

• Italy

• Greece

• Turkey

• France

• An early modern treatise on government

• Supports absolute power of the ruler

• Maintains that the end justifies the means

• Advises that one should not only do good if possible, but do evil when necessary

​

​Machiavelli's

The Prince

Multiple Choice

This person wrote a treatise on government called ____, in which he stated his support for a leader with absolute power who should rule in evil way if necessary because the end justifies the means.

• Sir Thomas More

• Michelangelo

• Petrarch

• Machiavelli

• ​The Renaissance produced new ideas that were reflected in the arts, philosophy, and literature.

• Patrons, wealthy from newly expanded trade, sponsored works that glorified city-states in northern Italy. Education became increasingly secular.

Essential Understandings

Multiple Choice

The name for a wealthy trading/banking individual who would sponsor artists to create beautiful pieces of art work.

• patron

• helot

• plebeian

Multiple Choice

The Renaissance was a rebirth of

• art and learning

• Christian devotion

• good health after the plague

• chivalry and tournaments

• ​Medieval art and literature focused on the Church and salvation, while Renaissance art and literature focused on individuals and worldly matters, along with Christianity.

• The Italian Renaissance sought to revive the literary and artistic culture of ancient Rome and Greece.

Essential Knowledge

Multiple Choice

Many ideas of the European Renaissance were based on the cultures of ancient -

• Greece and Egypt

• Greece and Rome

• Greece and China

• Greece and India

• Leonardo da Vinci: Mona Lisa and The Last Supper

• Michelangelo: Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and David

​

Artistic Creativity

Multiple Choice

How was information preserved and shared in West Africa for most of the region's history?

• oral traditions

• stone carvings

• pictures on cloth

• writing on papyrus

Multiple Choice

What is the best title for this list?

• Renaissance Artwork

• Renaissance Literature

• Medieval Artwork

• Medieval Literature

Multiple Choice

What is one of Leonardo da Vinci's best known accomplishments?

• David

• Mona Lisa

• Utopia

• The Prince

Multiple Select

Choose the works of art that were created by Michelangelo

• The Mona Lisa

• The Last Supper

• David

• Ceiling in Sistine Chapel

Multiple Choice

What happened along the banks of both the Niger and Nile Rivers?

• forest fires

• erosion

• civilizations grew up

• people traveled

Multiple Choice

Who painted the Sistine Chapel?

• Michelangelo

• Leonardo da Vinci

• Petrarch

• Monet

Multiple Choice

Which individual experimented with manned flight, war machines, art, and was known as a Renaissance man?

• Leonardo da Vinci

• Sir Thoams More

• Johann Gutenberg

• Geoffrey Chaucer

Multiple Choice

Who created this?

• Leonardo da Vinci

• Michelangelo

Multiple Choice

Who created this?

• Leonardo da Vinci

• Michelangelo

• Celebrated the individual

• Stimulated the study of classical Greek and Roman literature and culture

• Supported by wealthy patrons

• Petrarch: Father of humanism

​

​Humanism

Multiple Choice

Identify the individual best described by the list

• Petrarch

• Michelangelo

• Leonardo da Vinci

• Machiavelli

Multiple Choice

Who is credited as being the Father of humanism?

• Petrarch

• Leonardo da Vinci

• Michelangelo

• Machiavelli

Multiple Choice

During the Renaissance, what was the focus of humanism?

• Celebration of the worth of individuals

• Devotion to the Church

• Submission to absolute rulers

• Decrease in the value of education

Multiple Choice

The name for a wealthy trading/banking individual who would sponsor artists to create beautiful pieces of art work.

• patron

• helot

• plebeian

Multiple Choice

The movement associated with the Renaissance in which the focus is on the individual with an emphasis on Greek and Roman literature and culture.

• Humansim

• Gothic

• Realism

WHI.15d

The Northern Renaissance

• ​With the rise of trade, travel, and literacy, the Italian Renaissance spread to northern Europe.

• As people of the North adopted the ideas of the Italian Renaissance, they transformed them to suit their circumstances.

​

Essential Understandings

Multiple Choice

What was the Northern Renaissance?

• When the Renaissance spread to North America

• When the Renaissance spread north into other European countries

• When the Renaissance was at the North Pole

• When the Renaissance moved south

Draw

Circle Flanders and London.

Multiple Choice

Later the Renaissance diffused to the north. The Northern Renaissance was centered in this city:

• Flanders

• Berlin

• London

• Paris

Multiple Choice

One characteristic of the Northern Renaissance was:

• It focused on religious rather than secular subjects

• It focused on secular rather than religious subjects

• It began before the Renaissance in Italy

• It was controlled by the government

• Growing wealth in Northern Europe supported Renaissance ideas.

• Northern Renaissance thinkers merged humanist ideas with Christianity.

• The movable type printing press and the production and sale of books (e.g., Gutenberg Bible) helped disseminate ideas.

​

​Northern Renaissance

Multiple Choice

What role did Gutenberg's printing press play in the Renaissance?

• People could own and read their books

• People were able to write more stories by hand

• People were able to send written messages to each other

• People no longer had to write letters by hand

Multiple Choice

The creation of this helped to (1) increase emphasis for literacy, and (2) improve the quick spread of ideas (cultural diffusion)

• Arabic numerals

• Use of credit and banking

• Gutenberg Press

Multiple Choice

The movement associated with the Renaissance in which the focus is on the individual with an emphasis on Greek and Roman literature and culture.

• Humansim

• Gothic

• Realism

• Erasmus: The Praise of Folly

• Sir Thomas More: Utopia

​Northern Renaissance Writers

Multiple Choice

What Northern European writer wrote Utopia?

• William Shakespeare

• Petrarch

• Erasmus

• Sir Thomas More

Multiple Choice

This person wrote sonnets and is considered the Father of Humanism.

• Petrarch

• Erasmus

• Sir Thomas More

• Machiavelli

Northern Renaissance artists increasingly portrayed secular subjects.

• ​Albrecht Dürer: Self Portrait at 28

• Peter Bruegel: painted peasants' daily life

• Jan and Hubert van Eyck: scenes of townspeople and religious subjects

​Northern Renaissance Artists

Multiple Choice

Greatest northern Renaissance artist, known for his woodcut prints.

• Gutenberg

• Shakespeare

• Albrecht Durer

• Thomas More

• Erasmus

Multiple Choice

Northern renaissance art different from Italian renaissance art because

• It focused on everyday life and used oil paints

• It focused on religion and the need for change

• It recreated art of the classical time period

• It did not use perspective

Multiple Choice

Rubens, van Eyck, and Bruegel were all

• Italian humanists.

• northern Renaissance painters.

• northern Renaissance writers.

• best known for their engravings.

WHI.12a-12c

West African Empires

Objectives

•WHI.12 The student will apply social science skills to understand the civilizations
and empires of Africa, with emphasis on the African kingdoms of Axum and
Zimbabwe and the West African civilizations of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai, by

•WHI.12a locating early civilizations and kingdoms in time and place and
describing major geographic features;

•WHI.12b explaining the development of social, political, economic, religious,
and cultural patterns in each region; and

•WHI.12c evaluating and explaining the European interactions with these
societies, with emphasis on trading and economic interdependence.

West African Empires

• Trade routes that emerged in the Sahara

Desert in pre-Christian times became
sources of gold, salt, and other goods.

• Salt was a great for preserving food

• It was traded by Saharan traders for gold

from West African traders.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Multiple Select

What two natural resources did the West African Empires control? Select TWO.

• Salt

• Gold

• Diamonds

• Silver

• Bronze

West African Empires

• Great West African kingdoms developed

around the Niger River and the city of
Timbuktu throughout the first millennium.

• By the 800s C.E., a great trading kingdom

called Ghana had emerged in West Africa.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Ghana

• Ghana's kings kept control of the salt and

gold trades while protecting the kingdom
from its enemies and enforcing the laws.

• Because of its wealth in the 800s, Ghana

became a destination for Muslim traders
from northern Africa.

• Muslim knowledge of science, medicine,

and technology enriched a thriving trading
society in Ghana.

• By the early 1200s, Ghana was absorbed by

a new empire called Mali.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Multiple Choice

The empire of Mali grew directly as the result of what empire?

• China

• Egypt

• Ghana

• India

Mali and the City of Timbuktu

• In the second decade of the 1200s, Malian

leader Sundiata seized the trade routes that
controlled salt and gold as well as mining
centers in West Africa.

• By 1235, he had established the Empire of

Mali.

• Mali's capital city, Timbuktu, grew rich and

metropolitan through trade in salt, slaves,
ivory, and gold.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Mali Empire

Multiple Choice

What river aided agriculture and trade for the medieval empire of Mail?

• Indus

• Niger

• Nile

• Yellow

Multiple Choice

The city of Timbuktu was on the _______________ river.

• Zambezi

• Limpopo

• Nile

• Niger

Mali and the City of Timbuktu

• The Muslim leader Mansa Musa became

Mali’s most famous emperor, ruling from
1312 until 1337.

• He encouraged religious toleration and a

simpler justice system.

• After going on a “hajj” to Mecca, Mansa

Musa created more diplomatic and trade
connections with other Islamic states.

• This caused an influx of Muslim scholars to

Mali, which reinforced Mali’s religious
education system.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the most famous king of Mali?

• Mansa Musa

• Sundiata Keita

• Askia Muhammad

• Abubakari II

Mali and the City of Timbuktu

• By the 1400s, the city was absorbed into

the new and powerful Songhai Empire
(SONG-high).

• It became a city of great learning and

Islamic study.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Reorder

Reorder the following in the order in which the were in power:

• Ghana

• Mali

• Songhai

1

2

3

• 1
• 2
• 3

Multiple Choice

What helped Ghana, Mali, and Songhai to become large and powerful West African empires?

• the discovery of gunpowder

• advanced navigational tools

• control of gold-salt trade routes

• development of irrigation systems

Slavery in Early African
Kingdoms and Empires

• Slavery developed in early empires of northern

Africa, especially in Egypt and along the
Mediterranean coast.

•Nubia and Egypt enslaved many people within
their kingdoms, because of the pharaohs' desire
to build great structures and to increase the
number of agricultural laborers.

•In Ghana and Mali, slavery developed largely as
a function of war.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Slavery in Early African Kingdoms and
Empires

• As these empires increased their lands,

prisoners of war captured from their
defeated neighbors often became
slaves within the households of wealthy
members of society.

• Phoenician pirates and others along the

northern African coast often took
slaves from merchant ships passing by,
which they then turned into galley
slaves (slaves that were forced to row
fast-moving pirate ships called galleys).

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Slavery in Early African Kingdoms and
Empires

• By the time North Africa had come to

be dominated by Muslims in the 600s
C.E., the taking of slaves was
sometimes based on religious
differences.

•Christian sailors in the Mediterranean,
for example, were sometimes captured
or kidnapped and forced to become
galley slaves.

• This practice continued until the

1800s.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Slavery in Early African Kingdoms and
Empires

• By the 1400s, Muslim and Christian

slave traders had begun to capture or
trade for slaves from Central Africa and
West Africa, who would then be sent to
the Americas to work within the
plantation system.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

Multiple Choice

With the rise of Empire and European influence came increased trade and _________, people treated as personal property

• caste systems

• serfdom

• chattel slavery

• TransAtlantic Slave Trade

Family

• At the local level, medieval African society

revolved around the nuclear family, which
means a set of parents and their children.

•These groups could also include grandparents
and aunts and uncles as well.

• Some family structures and societies were

patrilineal, an arrangement in which children
inherited their family name, identity, and
property, from their fathers.

• Other African societies were matrilineal,

meaning that they inherited those things from
their mothers.

This Photo by Unknown

Author is licensed under CC

BY-ND

Multiple Choice

What type of culture traces its descent through its mothers?

• matrilineal

• patrilinial

• omnilineal

• terelineal

Culture

• Culturally, medieval African kingdoms

often had centralized governments and
complex religious and social practices,
which were many times created and
enforced by kings and nobility.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed

under CC BY-NC-ND

Politics and Governing

• African political practices depended on

the location, size, and culture of the
population of the kingdom. Local
villages were ruled by a council of
elders, which reached decisions by
discussion and “consensus” (general
agreement).

• Women, although usually not a part of

governing the village, showed skill in
local markets and sometimes worked as
peacemakers between warring groups.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

Politics and Governing

• Large kingdoms and empires demanded

that villages obey their overall orders.

• Sometimes they created districts

overseen by local officials in the name
of the king.

• In some cases, village chiefs worked

with royal officials to rule their local
areas.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

Religion and History

• African religions varied.

• In some areas, animism and

polytheistic local religions dominated.

• After 650 AD, Christianity and Islam

spread in Africa, especially on the outer
rim near the coasts, where traders and
seafarers regularly encountered local
cultures.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

Multiple Choice

Which religious belief involves worshipping the spirits that can be found in all natural things such as plants and animals?

• Animism

• Sikhism

• Daosim

• Hinduism

Religion and History

• Much of Africa's history has been passed down over

the centuries through oral traditions (word of
mouth), though a good portion of it was also written
down in the form of legal, religious, and social texts.

• As Muslims expanded into Africa, Arabic writings

recorded much of Africa's northern history.

• In West Africa's kingdoms and empires, history was

orally preserved.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Multiple Choice

How was information preserved and shared in West Africa for most of the region's history?

• oral traditions

• stone carvings

• pictures on cloth

• writing on papyrus

Religion and History

• Griots, or professional storytellers, told

of ancient kingdoms, events, and
peoples.

• Folk histories or folktales also provided

cultural unity among nuclear families,
communities, and societies.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

Multiple Choice

What does a GRIOT do?

• He prepares dinner for the king.

• He is a historical storyteller.

• He keeps the kingdom clean.

• He works in the jail.

Multiple Choice

What happened along the banks of both the Niger and Nile Rivers?

• forest fires

• erosion

• civilizations grew up

• people traveled