precipitation reaction

​Precipitation Reactions

​Often double displacement reaction

​

• ​aqueous solution + aqueous solution --> aqueous solution + insoluble solid

• ​all you have to do is swap around the reactants to make the products, taking note of the charge

• ​AB + CD --> AD + CB

​Determining the Precipitate

• ​Precipitate = the insoluble solid

• ​USE YOUR DATA SHEET!!!!!!

Solubility Rules

Objective: you will be able to tell if a substance is soluble or insoluble without testing best on the Rules of Solubility.

Solubility Rules 1-3

1. Alkali metal (Group IA) compounds are soluble.

2. Ammonium (NH4+) compounds are soluble.

3. Nitrates (NO3-), chlorates (ClO3-), and perchlorates (ClO4-) are soluble.

Solubility Rules 4-5

4. Most hydroxides (OH-) are insoluble. The exceptions are the alkali metal hydroxides and Ba(OH)2. Ca(OH)2 is slightly soluble.

5. Most chlorides (Cl-), bromides (Br-) or iodides (I-) are soluble. The exceptions are those containing Ag+, Hg+2, and Pb+2.

Solubility Rules 6-7

6. Carbonates (CO3-2), phosphates (PO4-3) and sulfides (S-2) are insoluble. The exceptions are the alkali metals and the ammonium ion.

7. Most sulfates (SO4-2) are soluble. CaSO4 and Ag2SO4 are slightly soluble. BaSO4, HgSO4 and PbSO4 are insoluble.

Multiple Choice

In writing the chemical equation for a precipitation reaction, what abbreviation of the physical state must appear with one of the products?

• (s)

• (g)

• (l)

• (w)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is insoluble in water?

• Barium Sulfate

• Strontium Sulfate

• Silver Sulfate

• Sodium Sulfate

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is soluble in water?

• Magnesium hydroxide

• Beryllium hydroxide

• Potassium hydroxide

• Zinc hydroxide

Multiple Choice

Predict the precipitate when you mix silver nitrate and sodium chloride:

• AgNO₃

• No precipitate

• AgCl

• NaNO₃

Multiple Choice

When you mix barium nitrate and sodium sulfate

• BaSO₄

• NaNO₃

• No precipitate

• BaNO₃

Multiple Choice

When you mix magnesium nitrate and sodium hydroxide

• No precipitate

• NaOH

• NaNO₃

• Mg(OH)₂

Multiple Choice

When you mix sodium carbonate and copper chloride

• NaCl

• CuCO₃

• CuCl₂

• No precipitate

Multiple Choice

When you mix lithium iodide and silver nitrate

• AgI

• LiNO₃

• AgCl

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

When you mix iron II chloride and potassium carbonate

• FeK₂

• Fe₂(CO₃)₃

• FeCl2

• FeCO₃

Multiple Choice

When you mix copper nitrate and potassium hydroxide

• Cu(OH)₂

• KNO₃

• CuOH

• No precipitate

Multiple Choice

When solutions of two ionic compounds are combined and a solid forms, the process is called

• hydration

• solvation

• dissociation

• precipitation

Multiple Choice

KBr

• Soluble
• Insoluble

Multiple Choice

Zinc Hydroxide

• Soluble 
• Insoluble

Multiple Choice

Silver Iodide

• Soluble 
• Insoluble 

Multiple Choice

Silver Iodide

• Soluble 
• Insoluble