Dynamic Earth - Pre-Test

Multiple Choice

What role have glaciers played in changing the way that Earth’s surface looks?

• a) They have made the oceans bigger

• b) They have created valleys and glacial landforms

• c) They have caused flooding

• d) They have changed the Earth’s temperature because they are so cold

Match

Match the following

• freezing and thawing

• plants

• exfoliation

• abrasion

When water from rain or melted snow enters small cracks in rocks

the roots can force their way through small cracks in rocks

some buried rocks are changed when heavy layers of rock wear away

happens when winds carry bits of sand

• When water from rain or melted snow enters small cracks in rocks

• the roots can force their way through small cracks in rocks

• some buried rocks are changed when heavy layers of rock wear away

• happens when winds carry bits of sand

Multiple Select

What are some of the causes of weathering? (select all that are causes)

• oxygen

• acids

• carbon dioxide

• videos

Multiple Choice

How will waves change the rocks shown in this picture?

• The waves will press small rocks together, and they will form larger rocks.

• The waves will pound, smooth, and break apart rocks.

• The waves will wet the rocks, but not change their shapes.

• The waves will change rocks into ocean water.

Multiple Choice

Chemical weathering ____ the minerals in rocks.

• changes

• does not change

Multiple Choice

Which best explains how the canyon may have formed?

• A volcanic eruption formed the canyon. 

• The canyon was formed by animals and plants.

• Erosion from flowing water formed the canyon.

• Humans carved the canyon out of a mountain using small tools.

Multiple Choice

If a fern fossil is found in a rock layer lower than a fossil of a small fish, the fern is probably ____ . 

• older

• younger

Multiple Choice

What is plate tectonics?

• The explanation of how and why the Earth’s plates move

• A way to describe how fossils are found in the different layers of rock

• The description of how rocks can be changed from one type into another

Multiple Choice

How does the movement of plates cause rocks to change?

• Plates squeeze past each other, toward each other, or away from each other which reshapes the rocks.

• The plates are found in the inner core, which melts rocks.

• Both a and b

• Neither a nor b

Multiple Choice

Earthquakes and volcanoes are closely related.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

This is the name for the chain of volcanos around the edge of the Pacific Plate.

• Circle of Fire

• Ring of Lava

• Ring of Fire

• Circle of Magma

Multiple Choice

The breakdown of rock into smaller particles from the effects of wind, water and ice

• erosion

• cementation 

• pressure

• weathering

Multiple Choice

Wind, water, ice and gravity carry sediments away

• weathering

• deposition

• erosion

• cementation

Multiple Choice

Sediment that is left behind in rivers lakes and oceans

• weathering

• erosion

• cementation

• deposition

Multiple Choice

The process of layers become stuck together forming sedimentary rocks

• sticking

• pressuring

• cementation

• deposition

Multiple Choice

_________________ is the breaking down of rock into smaller pieces of rock.

• erosion

• weathering 

• deposition

Multiple Choice

A scientist found a fossil of a water snail deep under the Earth’s surface in a desert in Mexico. What does this tell you about what used to be in this desert?

• The fossils were formed from a volcanic eruption

• The fossils were moved there from a glacier

• There used to be an ocean or body of water there

• The fossils were buried by a little kid there.

Multiple Choice

Wind, water, and ice are involved in both weathering and erosion. However, weathering and erosion are two different processes. Which sentence states a difference between weathering and erosion?

• Erosion moves rocks to a new location. Weathering breaks rocks down into smaller pieces.

• Weathering moves rocks from place to place.  Erosion breaks rocks down into smaller pieces.

• Erosion breaks down rocks but does not move them.  Weathering moves rocks to a new location but does not break them down.

• Weathering moves rocks without breaking them down.  Erosion moves rocks without breaking them down.

Match

Match the following

• After a sandstorm, sand falls from the air onto a sand dune

• A creek moves sediment downstream

• Water freezes and expands inside a rock, splitting the rock into pieces

wind

water

ice

• wind

• water

• ice

Multiple Choice

After a sandstorm, sand falls from the air onto a sand dune

• weathering

• erosion

• sediment

• deposition

Match

Match the following

weathering

erosion

deposition

sediment

Glacier

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

• sediment

• Glacier

Multiple Choice

Ice gets in the cracks of a rock, freezes and expands,

which cracks the rock apart.

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

Multiple Choice

The waves on the beach create a sandbar from deposited sand.

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

Multiple Choice

Lime water drips into a cave and forms giant stalagmites.

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

Multiple Choice

A waterfall is carving away the rocks beneath it over a long period of time.

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

Multiple Choice

Gravity caused dirt and grass to slide downhill toward a street.

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

Multiple Choice

Rain and oxygen are causing some of the rocks in a canyon to turn red in color.

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

Multiple Choice

The wind is carrying bits of sand along in the desert.

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

Multiple Choice

A delta is forming at the end of a river where it meets the bay

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

Multiple Choice

Which is the youngest layer of sediment?

• layer A

• layer B

• layer C

• layer D