231 Lab 3 Intro

A&P I Lab 3
Skeletal System

REVIEW FROM LAST WEEK

Multiple Choice

What does the Ruffini's Corpuscle detect?

• Pain

• High Frequency Vibration

  & Deep Pressure

• Stretch & Heat

• Low Frequency Vibration & Cold Temperature

Multiple Choice

What does the Krause's Corpuscle detect?

• Deep Pressure & High Frequency Vibration

• Stretch & Heat

• Pain, temperture & light touch

• Cold & Low Frequency Vibration

Multiple Choice

Which of the following structures is shown?

• Sebaceous Gland

• Pacinian Corpuscle

• Meissner's Corpuscle

• Sweat Gland

Multiple Choice

Which of the major tissue types is shown?

• Muscle

• Nervous

• Connective

• Epithelial

Multiple Choice

What structure is shown?

• Sebaceous Gland

• Pacinian Corpuscle

• Meissner's Corpuscle

• Sweat Gland

Multiple Choice

Which major type of tissue is shown?

• Epithelial

• Connective

• Nervous

• Muscle

Multiple Choice

What structure is shown?

• Sebaceous Gland

• Sweat Gland

• Pacinian Corpuscle

• Meissner's Corpuscle

Multiple Choice

What is the function of this structure?

• Detect light pressure

• Secrete Sebum

• Detect pain

• Secrete Sweat

Multiple Choice

What layer of the epidermis has large desmosomes making it look spiky?

• Stratum Basale

• Stratum Spinosum

• Stratum Granulosum

• Stratum Lucidum

• Stratum Corneum

Multiple Choice

What type of connective tissue is most prominent in the papillary dermis?

• Adipose

• DICT

• Areolar

Any Questions?

Bones of appendages, pelvis

Appendicular

Bones of the spine & skull

​Axial

Skeletal System Introduction

206 bones; but 1/20 people have an extra sesamoid bone somewhere

Multiple Choice

Is this part of the Axial or Appendicular skeleton?

• Axial

• Appendicular

Flat

​​Long

​​Short

​​Irregular

Sesamoid

​Most firm
Absorbs Shock

Hyaline

Most Flexible
Rare
Maintains Shape of Structures

Elastic

Squishy
Lots of Collagen
Withstands sudden forceful compressions

​​Fibrocartilage

​​Cartilage

• Chondrocytes (Older cells maintain matrix)

• Lacunae (Little Holes that hold chondrocytes)
  
  
  

• Few cells

• Surrounded by Matrix

• Chondroblasts (Young cells - produce matrix)

  
  

Cartilage is Connective Tissue

Multiple Choice

Lacunae produce matrix

• True

• False

• More air space

• Live Bone

• Trabeculae

• Filled with Red Bone Marrow

Spongy

• Densely Packed

• Mostly made of osteons

• No Marrow

Compact

Bone Tissue

​(Also a connective tissue)

Osteon

​Bone Cells & Matrix

Matrix - Osteoid (made of collagen, elastin & ground substance) mineralized with inorganic salts
Osteocytes - mature cells that maintain bone matrix, located in lacunae with processes stretched into the canaliculi
Osteoblast - build bone
Osteoclast - breakdown bone

Multiple Choice

Which of these is responsible for breaking down bone?

• Osteoid

• Osteocyte

• Osteoblast

• Osteoclast

Slightly moveable
Absorbs Shock

Cartilaginous

Freely Moveable

​Synovial

Joint Classification

Fibrous

Sutures
Do Not Move

Types of synovial joints

Direction:
Oblique
Transverse
Spiral

​​Special:
Greenstick
Comminuted
Compression
Avulsion
Epiphyseal

Other:
Open/Closed
Complete/Incomplete
Displaced/Non-Displaced

Tubercle
Tuberosity
Condyle
Epicondyle
​Fossa

Groove
Facet
Foramen
Meatus/Canal
Fissure

Bone Markings

Spine
Line
Crest
Process

Multiple Choice

The skull is held together by various joints. What functional type of joint are they?

• Synovial

• Cartilaginous

• Fibrous

Any Questions?

​Sign up on Canvas
You must come during your lab section
If you have accomodations - first slot ensures you the time needed. (If full - email Becca)

Open Lab THIS Friday 10:00am-3:00pm

Practical One Next Week

• Once done, please leave the 3rd floor of HLSB

• Discussing it with anyone who hasn't taken it is an honor code violation

• Library has a bone box for practice

• If you are caught with your phone/smart device it will be assumed you were cheating and you will get a 0.

• 90 minutes

• Bring a Pencil w/eraser

• Clipboard with answser sheet provided

• Stations will be set up and you move around
  

How the Practical Works

Types of Questions

For something marked we can ask multiple things: Assume the middle of epiphysis is marked, we can ask:

• What region of bone is this? (Epiphysis)

• What type of bone is marked? (spongy bone)

• What substance is found here? (Red Marrow)

• What process occurs here? (Hematopoiesis)

Osteon Structure. (Osteon model, Complete Anatomy & Worksheet)

​Station 2

Bone Classification. (Bones & Worksheet

​Station 1

What are we doing this week?

​Center Table

Bone Structure. (Fresh Longbone, Vinegar and Baked Bones)

​Station 3

​Station 4

Microscopes
& X-rays (light box is by the wall

Joints. (Skeleton, Joint Models), & Bone Markings

MICROSCOPES

NO SIGN OFF THIS WEEK BUT LOOK AT THE FOUR SLIDES AS THEY ARE FAIR GAME FOR THE PRACTICAL

Activity 4C (Question 12)

Use the actual joint names!! These can be found in the text books on the table.